U.S. Navy Diving Manual - Table of Contents

1 92/80( 'LYLQJ 3 ULQFLSOHV DQG 3 ROLF\1 History of Diving2 Underwater Physics3 Underwater Physiology4 Dive Systems5 Dive Program AdministrationAppendix 1 ASafe Diving Distances from Transmitting SonarAppendix 1 BReferencesAppendix 1 CTelephone NumbersAppendix 1 DList of Acronyms8 6 1$9< ',9,1* 0$18$/ Table of Contents Volume 11-i9 ROXPH 7 DEOH RI &RQWHQWVChap/ParaPage1 HISTORY OF DIVING1-1 INTRODUCTION .. of the Navy .. 1-11-2 SURFACE-SUPPLIED AIR Diving .. Tubes .. Bags .. Bells.. Dress Designs .. s Diving Dress .. s Patented Diving Dress .. s Improved Diving Dress .. of the HMS Royal George .. Discoveries .. Disease (Decompression Sickness) .. Ventilation.. Narcosis .. Diving Suits .. V Deep-Sea Diving Dress .. 1-81-3 SCUBA Diving .. Scuba .. s Demand Regulator .. s Open-Circuit Scuba Design .. and Gagnan s Aqua-Lung.)

2 Of Scuba on Diving .. Scuba .. Closed-Circuit Scuba .. Closed-Circuit Systems .. of Using Oxygen in Scuba .. Scuba .. s Mixed-Gas Rebreather .. 6 UBA .. Use During World War II .. Torpedoes .. Combat Swimming .. Navy Diving Manual Volume 1 Demolition ..1-151-4 MIXED-GAS Diving .. Diving .. (HeO2) Diving .. Diving .. Surface-Supplied Mixed-Gas Diving .. 1 MOD 0 Diving Outfit.. Bells .. Diving .. of Saturation Diving .. s Saturation Theory .. Project.. Testing .. Program .. Diving Systems (DDS) .. 1 MOD 0 .. 2 MOD 0 .. 2 MOD 1 ..1-261-5 SUBMARINE SALVAGE AND RESCUE .. F-4 .. S-51 .. S-4 .. Squalus .. Thresher .. Submergence Systems Project .. 1-291-6 SALVAGE Diving .. War II Era.. Harbor .. Lafayette .. Diving Missions .. Era .. 1-301-7 OPEN-SEA DEEP Diving RECORDS.. 1-301-8 SUMMARY.

3 1-312 UNDERWATER PHYSICS2-1 INTRODUCTION.. 2-1 Table of Contents Volume 11-iiiChap/ParaPage2-2 PHYSICS.. 2-12-3 MATTER .. Three States of Matter .. 2-22-4 MEASUREMENT.. Systems.. Measurements .. Scale.. Scale.. Measurements .. 2-32-5 ENERGY .. of Energy .. of Energy .. 2-52-6 LIGHT ENERGY IN Diving .. of Water .. Visibility .. 2-62-7 MECHANICAL ENERGY IN Diving .. Temperature and Sound .. Depth and Sound .. Work and Noise.. Waves.. Explosions .. of Explosive and Size of the Charge.. of the Seabed.. of the Explosive .. Depth .. from the .. of Submersion of the Diver.. Explosion Pressure on a Diver.. the Effects of an Explosion..2-102-8 HEAT ENERGY IN Diving .. , Convection, and Radiation .. Transfer Rate .. Body Temperature .. Navy Diving Manual Volume 1 Chap/ParaPage2-9 PRESSURE IN Diving .

4 Pressure .. Used to Describe Gas Pressure .. Pressure .. Principle.. Buoyancy..2-142-10 GASES IN Diving .. Atmospheric Air .. Oxygen.. Nitrogen .. Helium .. Hydrogen .. Neon.. Carbon Dioxide .. Carbon Monoxide.. Kinetic Theory of Gases.. 2-162-11 GAS LAWS .. Boyle s Law .. Charles /Gay-Lussac s Law .. The General Gas Law .. 2-212-12 GAS MIXTURES.. Dalton s Law.. Expressing Small Quantities of .. Calculating Surface Equivalent Value.. Gas Diffusion .. Humidity .. Gases in Liquids.. Solubility.. Henry s Law .. Gas .. Gas Absorption.. Gas Solubility..2-293 UNDERWATER PHYSIOLOGY3-1 INTRODUCTION.. 3-1 Table of Contents Volume 11- .. 3-13-2 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.. 3-13-3 THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.. Heart.. Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits.

5 Function .. Components .. 3-33-4 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM .. Exchange .. Phases .. and Lower Respiratory Tract .. Respiratory Apparatus .. Chest Cavity.. Lungs.. Tract Ventilation Definitions .. Cycle.. Rate.. Lung Capacity.. Capacity.. Volume.. Minute Volume.. Breathing Capacity and Maximum Ventilatory Volume.. Inspiratory Flow Rate and Maximum Expiratory Flow Rate.. Quotient.. Respiratory Dead Space.. Gas Exchange .. Control .. Consumption .. 3-103-5 RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS IN Diving .. Deficiency (Hypoxia) .. of Hypoxia.. of Hypoxia.. Hypoxia.. Hypoxia.. Dioxide Toxicity (Hypercapnia) .. of Hypercapnia.. of Hypercapnia.. Hypercapnia.. Resistance and Dyspnea .. Navy Diving Manual Volume 1 of Breathing Resistance.. Monoxide Poisoning .. of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

6 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning..3-193-6 BREATHHOLDING AND UNCONSCIOUSNESS.. Diving Restrictions .. of Breathhold Diving .. 3-193-7 HYPERVENTILATION.. Hyperventilation .. Hyperventilation .. 3-203-8 EFFECTS OF BAROTRAUMA AND PRESSURE ON THE HUMAN BODY.. Leading to Barotrauma.. Symptoms of Barotrauma.. Ear Squeeze.. Middle Ear Squeeze.. Middle Ear Squeeze.. Squeeze .. of Sinus Squeeze.. Sinus .. Squeeze (Barodontalgia) .. Ear Squeeze .. (Lung) Squeeze.. or Body Squeeze.. Ear Overpressure (Reverse Middle Ear Squeeze) .. Sinus Overpressure (Reverse Sinus Squeeze) .. Overexpansion of the Stomach and Intestine .. Inner Ear Dysfunction.. Vertigo.. Inner Ear Barotrauma..3-273-9 PULMONARY OVERINFLATION SYNDROMES.. Gas Embolism .. and Subcutaneous Emphysema .. 3-303-10 INDIRECT EFFECTS OF PRESSURE.

7 Nitrogen Narcosis.. Symptoms of Narcosis..3-33 Table of Contents Volume 11- Susceptibility to Narcosis.. Oxygen Toxicity .. Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity.. Central Nervous System (CNS) Oxygen Toxicity.. CNS Convulsions.. Absorption of Inert Gases.. Saturation of Tissues .. Nitrogen Saturation Process.. Other Inert Gases.. Desaturation of Tissues .. Saturation/Desaturation Differences.. Bubble Formation.. Decompression Sickness .. Direct Bubble Effects.. Indirect Bubble Effects.. Symptoms of Decompression Sickness.. Treating Decompression Sickness.. Preventing Decompression Sickness.. High Pressure Nervous Syndrome (HPNS) .. Compression Pains .. 3-453-11 PHYSIOLOGICAL HAZARDS FROM MUNITIONS .. 3-453-12 THERMAL PROBLEMS AND OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN Diving .

8 Regulating Body Temperature .. Excessive Heat Loss (Hypothermia) .. Internal Temperature Regulation.. Effects of Exercise on Hypothermia.. Symptoms of Hypothermia.. Excessive Heat (Hyperthermia) .. Heat Stress Factors.. Acclimatization.. Symptoms of Hyperthermia.. Impact of Dive Time on Hyperthermia.. Preventing Hyperthermia.. Dehydration .. Causes of Dehydration.. Preventing Dehydration.. Hypoglycemia .. Symptoms of Hypoglycemia.. Causes of Hypoglycemia.. Preventing .. Navy Diving Manual Volume 1 Chap/ParaPage4 DIVE SYSTEMS4-1 INTRODUCTION.. 4-14-2 GENERAL INFORMATION.. Precedence.. Authorized For Navy Use (ANU) .. Certification Authority (SCA) .. Maintenance System .. of Diving Equipment.. Program Managers for Shore-Based Systems .. Program Managers for Other Diving Apparatus.

9 And Emergency Procedures .. OP/EPs .. OP/EPs .. Approval Process ..4-44-3 DIVER S BREATHING GAS PURITY STANDARDS .. s Breathing Air .. s Breathing Oxygen .. s Breathing Helium .. s Breathing Nitrogen .. 4-54-4 DIVER S AIR SAMPLING PROGRAM .. Requirements .. Air Sampling Procedures .. Air Sampling Services .. Air Sampling Services .. 4-104-5 Diving COMPRESSORS.. Requirements.. Filtration System .. 4-104-6 Diving GAUGES .. Diving System Guages.. and Maintaining Gauges .. Bourdon Tube Gauges .. 4-124-7 COMPRESSED GAS HANDLING AND STORAGE.. 4-13 Table of Contents Volume 11-ixChap/ParaPage5 DIVE PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION5-1 INTRODUCTION .. 5-15-2 OBJECTIVES OF THE RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING SYSTEM.. 5-15-3 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING DOCUMENTS .. 5-15-4 COMMAND SMOOTH Diving LOG .. 5-25-5 RECOMPRESSION CHAMBER LOG.

10 5-25-6 DIVER'S PERSONAL DIVE LOG .. 5-95-7 Diving MISHAP/CASUALTY REPORTING.. 5-95-8 EQUIPMENT FAILURE OR DEFICIENCY REPORTING .. NAVY DIVE REPORTING SYSTEM (DRS) .. 5-105-10 ACCIDENT/INCIDENT EQUIPMENT INVESTIGATION REQUIREMENTS.. 5-105-11 REPORTING CRITERIA .. 5-115-12 ACTIONS REQUIRED.. Technical Manual Deficiency/Evaluation Report .. Shipment of Equipment .. 5-131 ASAFE Diving DISTANCES FROM TRANSMITTING SONAR1A-1 INTRODUCTION .. 1A-11A-2 BACKGROUND.. 1A-11A-3 ACTION..1A-21A-4 SONAR Diving DISTANCES WORKSHEETS WITH DIRECTIONS FOR USE .. General Information/Introduction .. Effects of Exposure .. Suit and Hood Characteristics .. In-Water Hearing vs. In-Gas Hearing .. Directions for Completing the Sonar Diving Distances Worksheet.. 1A-31A-5 GUIDANCE FOR DIVER EXPOSURE TO LOW-FREQUENCY SONAR (160 320 Hz) .1A-161A-6 GUIDANCE FOR DIVER EXPOSURE TO ULTRASONIC SONAR(250 KHz AND GREATER).