What’s in the future of 5G? - Qualcomm

1 October, 2019@qualcomm_techWhat s in the future of 5G?2 North AmericaSouth KoreaIreland SpainGermanyChina (soon)AustraliaUnited Arab EmiratesSaudi ArabiaKuwaitItalyFinlandSwitzerlandRoman iaQatarSub-6 + mmWaveRussia (soon)Sub-6 Japan (soon)United Kingdom5G global rollout30+ launched in 6 monthsFaster than 4G3 Deliveringon the 5G visionWhere virtually everyone and everything is intelligently connected45G massive IoTPrivate networks5G NR C-V2X, smart transportationIndustrial IoT with eURLLCSub-6 GHz evolution, new use caseShared / unlicensed spectrum mmWave evolution, indoor, enterprisesNew device classes like boundless XR5G broadcastFuture verticals, services, devicesFixed wirelessaccessSmartphonesLaptopsOur technology inventions drovethe 5G foundationAutomotiveNew device classes like tethered detectionLandmark detectionObject classificationVoice activationTextrecognitionGesture/hand trackingComputational photographyContextual awarenessFace detectionOn-device security Voice recognitionFingerprintOn-deviceAIuse-cas es today But we can do morewith 5G6On-device AIAugmentedby edge cloudNew experiencesPrivacy/securityNew verticalsImmediacyPrivate/public networksPersonalizationCustomized/local valueReliabilityThe intelligentwireless edgeEfficiencyProcessing over 5 GEdge cloudOn-device7 Process data at the source to scale and make sense of a digitized worldPastCloud-centric AI AI training and AI inference in the central cloudFutureFully-distributed AIWith lifelong on-device learningTodayPartially-distributed AIPower efficienton-device AI inferenceOn-device8 Enriched user experiences, new use case,new verticalsCompute.

2 Vision, sensingAI powered use cases Internal AI optimizations5G low latencyCustomized/local valueContent/storage/AI/processingLonger latencyBig data/aggregated valueContent/storage/AI/processingDistri buted functionalityDistributed processing, like boundless XRNew services Cloud computing, storage, instant accessReal time assisted services like voice UI Low-latency gamingOn-premise control for ultra-low latencyOn-device intelligence assisted by cloudOn-device9 Why is the 5G foundation key for the future ?10 Mobile has made a leap every~10 yearsMobile broadband and emerging expansionMobile voice communicationFocus shiftsto mobile dataEfficient voice to reach billionsA unified future -proof platform1990sDigital voiceD-AMPS, GSM,IS-95 (CDMA)2000sWireless InternetCDMA2000/EV-DOWCDMA/HSPA+,1980sA nalog voiceAMPS, NMT,TACS 2010sMobile broadbandLTE, LTE Advanced,Gigabit LTE2020sWireless Edge5G New Radio(NR) 111993: Wireless Internetfirst OTA demo over CDMA2012: Cellular in unlicensed spectrum2007: Device to device proximity services1998: EV-DO as we realized a new design was neededFoundation to 3G and 4G mobile broadband1985: Qualcomm founded to solve system-level problems2002: Integrationof low-power computeThe 5G foundation started long agoFoundational to 5G2014: Flexible framework, scalable OFDM, spatial design, mobile mmWaveMulti gigabit/sContinuous research and innovations, early prototyping, industry-first demos and trials1993 vision.

3 Wireless Internet10 s megabit/sFoundation to HSPAOFDM in EV-DO (broadcast)Multiple antennas for RX diversityCarrier aggregation (rev B/HSPA+)Mobile VoIP with QoS100 s megabit/sFoundation to LTEU nlicensed spectrumOFDM/A for wider spectrumMore antennas-MIMOFDD/TDD/DC/SDL aggregation20202018201420122010200820062 004200220001998202220161996 Gigabit/sEV-DO is the foundationto mobile broadbandMegabit/sData optimized channel with Turbo Codes1 Adaptive modulation/coding2 Opportunistic scheduling3 All-IP EV-DODemoLaunch1. Assign all resources to a user, fast hybrid ARQ and power control 2 Higher order modulation for users with good signal quality 3 Multi-user diversity to prioritize users with better radio signal with fairnessFoundation to 5G NR eMBBM obile mmWaveUnified, flexible frameworkScalable OFDM numerologyReciprocity-based massive MIMOM ulti-Edge LDPC & CRC-Aided Polar codes Our inventionsdrove the 5G foundation1313 Address diverse services, spectrum, deploymentsScalable OFDM-based air interfaceScalable OFDM numerology Flexible slot-based frameworkSelf-containedslot structureAdvanced channel codingMassive MIMOM obile mmWaveMulti-Edge LDPC and CRC-Aided PolarReciprocity-basedMU-MIMOLow latency, URLLC, forward compatibility Supportlarge data blocks.

4 Reliable control channelLarge# of antennas to increase coverage/capacity For extreme capacity and throughputBeamformingand beam-trackingEarly R&D investments | Cutting-edge prototypes | Fundamental contributions to 3 GPPOur technology inventions drove Release 15 specifications?5G NReMBBLTE5G NR eMBB5G NReMBBS idelinkBroadcastC-V2 XBlank subcarriersDynamic spectrum sharing (Rel-15+)Integrated access and backhaul (Rel-16+) for mmWave only (not shown)Wide-area mission-critical (Rel-15/16+)Broadcast/enTV(Rel-16+)Cellu lar V2X networkside shown (Rel-16+)NR-LighteMTCNB-IoTNR-Light(Rel- 17+)Massive IoT(Rel-16+)Expanding 5G with the flexible slot-based frameworkEnhanced mobilebroadband (Rel-15+)Sidelink (Rel-17+), , for offloadingUnknown service not yet definedExpanding mmWavespectrum with the common frameworkFurther mmWave expansion targeting Rel-17 and beyondPotential 5G band for future studyPotential 5G band in studyPrioritized expansion of mmWave in Rel-172 Supported mmWave bands in Rel-15 Expansion of low/mid band spectrum1 Prioritizing the expansion to 71 GHz, then to GHzCommon frameworkCommon frameworkSub-7 GHz( , GHz)Millimeter wave( , 28, 39 GHz)1.

5 Rel-15 supported 450 MHz to 6 GHz; 2 To support global unlicensed 60 GHz bands, SCS scaling from GHz band with same characteristics ( , waveforms) GHz71 GHz410 MHz5G enabled capabilities not possible when 4G was definedEfficient TDD spatial designFlexibility, lower latency, reciprocity-based massive MIMO, new feedback/pilot/measurementsMobile mmWave Overcoming an impossible challenge Scalable numerologyLow, to mid, to high mmWave bands, deployment typesHardware enablersSuch as faster baseband processing DLCtrlDL DataGuardSRSACKDLCtrlULCtrlDL DataGuardTechnology leap for new capabilities and reduced cost Continuous research, technology breakthroughs, new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,..2020202220212023 2019201720182016201520142013201220112010 20095G is the innovation platform for the next decadeTechnology breakthroughs, hardware progress, new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,..New deployments, new spectrum, new use cases, new verticals.

6 Delivering on the5G visionA unified future -proof platformSome future requirements only possible on a new platformResearch: for 5G enhancements and for next generation leapRel-15 Initially eMBBRel-16 Rel-17 Expansion to new industriesRel-18 Rel-19 Rel-20 Rel-21 and beyondContinued evolutionMarket needs: enhanced/emerging/unknown services to 5 GVision formingNext technology leap for new capabilities and reduced cost Historically 10 years between generations18 How will 5G NR evolve in Rel-16 and beyond?Rel-15 commercializationRel-16 commercializationRel-17 commercializationDelivering on the 5G visionContinue expansion to new verticals, deployments, use cases, spectrumRel-161 Rel-18+ evolutionRel-171 future -proof platformLTE essential part of the 5G platform201820202019202220212023+Rel-15 Driving the 5G expansion1. 3 GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and 2020 eMBBexpansion Beyond smartphone (PC, FWA.)

7 New markets/regions Nationwide coverage & SA migrationLonger term expansion Industrial IoT, enterprise, automotive network Private networks Unlicensed spectrum2019 eMBB Global smartphone launches Fixed wireless accessNR20 Massive IoTUnlicensed/shared spectrumBroadcast205G NR is expanding to new use cases and verticals5G NR C-V2 XMobile mmWaveevolution Industrial IoT with URLLCM obile broadband evolution3 GPP Rel-16 Rel-16 Rel-15 Rel-17: Likely candidatesContinue to enhance the eMBBfoundationRel-15 lessons learnedOptimizations to Rel-16 andNew features to Rel-17 FoundationalCoverage, capacity, latency, power saving, mobilityDeploymentNewspectrum, topologies, integrated backhaul, ..New servicesLatency, reliability, positioning, use cases like XRFurther enhanced mobilityfor mixed topologiesFurther improved MIMOfor , higher mobilityOthers such as, >4 Rx, 1024-QAM, multi-SIME nhanced IAB with full duplexand spatial multiplexingFurther power savingfor idle and small dataSupporting even higher bands,up to GHzEnhanced DL/UL MIMO and multiple transmission pointsDevice power saving with C-DRX and 2-step RACHI ntegrated access/backhaul foreasier mmWave deploymentsMore robust mobility with minimal interruption during handoverEnhanced low/mid-band and mmWave CA and async DCUnlicensed spectrum including standalone and license assistedUnlicensedExpanding our eMBBsolution beyond the smartphoneExpand 5G coverage and performance Expand experiences, like XR tethered to smartphonesExpand mobile gaming including cloud gamingExpand fixed wireless access.

8 Integrated with Wi-FiExpand device classes to always connected PC/Laptop Expand eMBB to vehicles initially with R14 C-V2 XExpand 5G eMBB modules to more verticalsExpand reach with our small cell solutionsFSM100xxTransportationhubsAirpo rts, train terminals, subway stationsIndoor/outdoorvenuesConventions, concerts, stadiumsIndoorenterprisesOffices, meeting rooms, auditoriumsExpanding mmWaveindoors, public/private networksLeveraging existing Wi-Fi or cellular by co-sitingBeyond smartphones, laptops, tablets, extended reality, ..Multi-Gigabit speeds with virtually unlimited capacityEmerging dedicated private networks for targeted needs 25 Process MonitoringLatency: 100 ms Availability: : kbpsSensorsSafety functionsLatency: 10 ms Availability: : Mbps-kbpsHandheld terminalAugmented RealityLatency: 10 ms Availability: : Gbps-MbpsHead mounted displayMotion controlLatency: 1 ms Availability: : Mbps-kbps Industrial robotEnhanced mobile broadbandMassive IoTUltra-reliable low-latencyEdge computing and analyticsLatency 50msAvailability : MbpsSecurity cameraLatency 20msAvailability.

9 MbpsAutomated guided vehicle (AGV) 2626 Scalable wireless connectivityon a future proof platformDedicated and reliable networks optimized for local servicesCapabilities for new use cases wireless Industrial EthernetPrivate 5G networkUltra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC)Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)Licensed, shared and unlicensed spectrumPositioningDesigning 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements275G NR supports many industrial IoT use cases today Private 5G networkTime Sensitive Networking (TSN)Licensed, shared and unlicensed spectrumPositioning Low latency Ultra-reliability CoMP multi-TRP Service multiplexing Enhanced mobilityWith NR-U, 5G NR will support: Licensed spectrum Shared spectrum Unlicensed spectrum Ethernet over 5G Deterministic networking Device time synch. Unique network ID Integrated and independent architectures Virtually seamless fallback to public networks Network & device based Industrial IoT requirements3 GPP Rel-16 brings additional capabilitiesUltra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC)28 Licensed spectrum by mobile operators Operators can allocate spectrum in a specific areaDedicated regionalspectrumRegional spectrum such as in Germany for IIoTUnlicensed spectrumwith async sharingNR-U with asynchronous sharing work for many applications Unlicensed spectrumwith synch sharing Synchronized sharing can provide reliability and eURLLC for IIoTMultiple spectrum options For private 5G networks29 SensorsUtilitiesSmart cityEnhanced network communicationNew direct communicationMassiveInternet of ThingsV2V, V2I, and V2P communications for latency-sensitive use-cases, collision avoidanceDeeper coverage to connect road infrastructure ( sensors and traffic cameras)

10 Faster access to cloud for in-vehicle experiences, car OEM services and telematics V2IV2NV2 NRoad safetyTransportation efficiencyConnected car servicesIn-vehicle experiencesConnected road sensors Speed harmonizationRoad hazard waning Evolution to 5G is designed to serve as the unified connectivity fabric RSUV2V30 Source sample textRoad safetyV2V/V2I: Intersection assist, non-lineof sight warningOn-device intelligence Key for cars to act with immediacyRSU with AI-based cameraRSU with AI-based cameraTraffic hazard warning AI based camera detects hazards and alertsEvolving 5G for smart transportationPedestrian alertTraffic light detects crossing and alertcars via I2VI2VV2PV2VC-V2X direct communication31 Accelerated network effectSensor sharing and infrastructure deployment bring benefits, even during initial deployment rollouts Advanced safety Real-time situation awareness and sharing of new kinds of sensor data take safety to the next levelFaster travel/energy efficiencyMore coordinated driving for faster traveland lower energy usage5 GNRC-V2X Brings new benefitsIncreased situational awarenessSensor sharing Coordinated driving /intention sharingReal-time infrastructure updatesVirtual telepresence collaborationEdge cloud but not necessarily on-premiseAugmentingon-device processingover 5G5G33 Always-on Complex concurrenciesReal-timeCompute intensiveLatency sensitiveComplexXR workloadsChallenging XR form factorLong battery lifefor all-day useStorage/memory bandwidthThermally efficient for sleek and ultra-lightAugment by edge cloud processingLow latencyHigh capacityReliable linkA new era in distributed processingSignificant higher powerenvelope beyond PC classAugment on-device rendering with edge cloud renderingOptimized under strict power,thermal.