012345$678#9:;<=>?@AB - hues.kyushu-u.ac.jp

1 !"#$%&#'()*+, $678#9:;<=>?@ABBBCDB EFB GHIJK9 BGLGB $&MNOPQB!""!#$%&'()*+$, (456789:;<=>?,@AB7C8B)*DEFGHIJKLMJKNJOPQQRSTUVLVNWKN JLJXWSMWLJKPQSYPKYQJVKSOWQQSZSJT[\]^1_`a b?5c^dJT[\] 2efghij1klmnopqr,stuvw(7xy/z{|}1k~5 $ b6km $ 1; b $>?5dJT[\](<=$ , $m 1 ? 5-. :1 , , , 6 2, e (m IJ PYW VM JKYSXJNJVK^,JT[\]p789:1 2, e (m IKVK SJ PYW S VM JKYSXJNJVK^1 >? l$6~5 S e $ -. 0. b(7 2 GH6 p r )*DEFGHI[\]^$ ( 2DE 1r ~ mDEp .DEF o(m b? d (-. 0.( 2c c"" ! c""S ; DEFGH( 2 O ( > d c " (DEFGH; ()*$2 efghijp GHIJT[\]^2 (l " ! $ 5 !^dJT[\] 2m + $ }r 7 p I c^d (m + $ fi fl j 6 (stuvwp n ; 1>? dSSSSSSSSSRGB'(5/0123G4 BBBBBBBBRSBTUVWX5)**YBGLSB Z[\]^_`a$& ^_`4B)*$27$ ~ ; noImno^; (789no2 $ hij1kl j o b6~ k 7; 5 1 j o ( 7 ; 1$ ~ (no( ; d hij 789 ( p $ ( (mno1 (mnoI hij^( !))))))))))))))))))))))

2 "B2#k$$6 1;%b? &I 'K ^ (I cK ^ )I*c'K ^ *'+K ^$, dmGH1x-$,JT[\]. !"Bpq defghij1kl4rk hij mnopq JT[\]( !"B2 hij 789 ( /6 !"B( $ 0 1 ; (, 2 2*3*K -. 0.( ?1. 1r6kdSSSSSSSSRgB]^_`a$&MhF5ij:kg4 BJT[\](@AB7452 efghij$ ~ 6 7 >? .( d89 efghij: pg; <= r5>=?$ k JT[\]$@ GH;@AB(745p >6k 1; ~ k ^dS48-1 GLgB /0123 58#BJT[\]2mGH1$6 "Bp. dA mGH;B B(745p C JT[\]2D B(745p rIDEGH2 EFr k6k 2 GH (GHpIJ1 1K$ r k d ( ;LM 1pD 1kk NO 1pB 1kl^ 745;7P}Qc RS+.TU d>b$ 7 VWp b|4 $ R. -. 0.$XY1 ZkdSSJT[\] (D |4,JT[\] ; [/45( \"B$ ]^(_`$ , ?b(745"B2, *+"K b*3"K 16 abB( cp1 1; >? k ddc$JT[\]; 7$ \"Bp dSlGB/0123 5:m;<no8#p4B [/45efS, 2 S#ef gjh S*' " SK SIUP iNLWM^Sc'3jS "* c*SK SIUi PK^Sc'33Sk PlSmS*+*SK IUi PK^S!""cz{7|}Sk PlSmS*'3SK I ViNW^S!""cSk PlSmS*3!K IUi PK^Sk PlSmS*3 K I VKnWR^S!)))))))))))))))))

3 ""+JT[\]GHG Sk PlSmS*3 SK IMPL^S!""!Sk PlSmS*3!SK I VKnR^S!"" Go [p/_` 2,aqr5GH( JT[\]( /6745"BpyY ,rs6)* p|tr k6k 1,ef gj u/stuvw(H@ H2,JT[\]( /6745 26k 16 (vw;x~ k d 5,y0(z 2{S|'$ .( , (z 2M6kdSGLpB q@A5rstuBS ]}~ + 7 np17 p 2, ( [1 $e 7( py _`r, ]+ +! OLJVKS TWOLVLPSPK S~VNJ WLMJOS iPKLJLJWNS VMS]JMOP S JPKSPK S[WQPLW S WiMV JVQVYJOPQS~ WOLN Istuvw DE np/ ( \? ^ 2,7( R np/ DE@ up/ / fi ( \? $ _` p! r, m ( \$ 7 IJp r l1r k dSJT[\]2, ( p u $. }r ,z{|}$ r k d ( 1p \r, _` 2rs6)*$ a JT[\](745"Bp, /$ 1p /1r k d 5,JT[\]( 7C b, 2 ; e (m $ 7 IJp 5 ( Cp dSSHvwx$9y<z{|}~ BSLGB~ sBS 8 2 ( p r,7VW g; 1 b6S i? wp ~5d 2S I *^$@ r5]]S ef , 2 mS VW1 5 ( (S p a5 ,7VS SRpB sBWp 5d P b(7p," (2 p B>.. $ r 7VW(2 p ,>b$ p\k VW p 5dc (7VW2 7VW ,7VW ,7 VWQc ( !))))))))))))))))))))))))))

4 R ~5d 57VW2 *""K +""K (R(32 1 7 ( j ( ..$ + 1r5d $ l$S]] ef >S?5 2, S >?, fifl dS +$tr >?, S( $z{p r5 Sf ;d >? d 7VS S SSB R Bl SW2,a2 7( ~5;, (7VW$ z{|}8 . dSSLSB~ BS $ , r5 @ " R< >? p a 4>..5d (Q p a5+ b p $ ;z{$ b6k l p 0 a5 7 VWp (R(z{p r5dSSLgB~ BS z{2 7VW11.$! r 7 VWQ. $2 b6 ~5d 57VW( 2 *3cK (7VW 48-2 . z;7 +"cK (7VW . >k z;7 5d 5 z{! . x 0*3cK (7VW . k|4; b?5d + $*3cK Ic+ jSQVYSTUVLVK O ! N^(71+"cK Ic+ 'SQVYSTUVLVKS O !S N^(7$ a z{ ( p d x 7 $. b 7P} (z{! 7P}Q(TUr5z{! 21.$ *3cK (7VW (C; k 1;= 1? dSBBBBBBR Bz{ BBJT[\]( 7C p 5 ,7} 17P} (z{ ( !" b@e z#p 5dz{ ( $ b 7 VWP} ( Rp !r5"IP^1 7VW ( Rp !r5"I ^ b @e z#p%IP ^ P&1 'r5d 5 57VW( " b 7 () p fi .1 ?p* z#p+ 1r5 f $h ; r5dS7 () !"#$%"&%'()*+!"#$,-(.))))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))}}}}}}

5 /! 0 "&1()k!2"(3!4'()5! " '1(6 B B L S G SgB GBB B } B . S4B B^e` B LS G gpB BB B B$ B g G B Bc2 $ ,-2j >..5( (j (.$ . 1 l C/0Ii 1 ^$ 2 r5d}27 () 3 Pl2 z#( " 42 52 z{! #( (|4;7 1 (7 () 1r5d j$32 $ a i 1 p dS3iTJQQVOVKNLMJOLJVKSSmSS3 PlS%S6S}S SIS6S}S7S6S]S^&SS*"cK 8S*c3K 8S*3"K (92 7$ k 2 7 () ; >k . X:/ 6 z;=b?5d C +'K 8S+"cK ( 2 7 2 7 () ; >k1 >2 z;=b?5dSBBBBBBR B_ BBgH!"#$%&#'()*+, $678# B2 ;1$ (z{! ( (z{! ;7 1 (7 () ("5p2 ;1$h ; r5d (.1 hij (789noIefghij^( jh< I c TJY WKLSP NVM PKOWSNTWOLMPSLW TQPLW^; 2 l k 5d ( p 3$ d+2= p s( 2e $1~5.( d , 2 ;*3 K (1 .z 1 1r5I[!m" '*^dS BBBBBBBBBBBBR B$678#. p g 1S L p4B]^_` b? k ,> ,>=?( z(, 2 pd*$ ^+^j^d]^_` 2? ; ( b? ;, 45$AB (z ;O ~5d 2\P QJKb;C (DB! EPJ Jb;sF .GB: ?))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

6 H (IB;c ~5d ?b1X: 1 ( z(, 2 2 ]^_`1 Jrk 1; dS48-3 lgB @A5 wxB_` S, 2 SK JT[\]; stuvw(-L6 $ MN/ )*@ (DEEO$ y0(_`;PQ>? 7( e $ m ( R; b $6~ k d Q >b$_`;S @L( [/45$ \p r5 456 7IJ( $ 6; 1;TU>? dS#S3 PiQS [ \P QJKSk PlSmS*3!K IUi PK^k PlSmS*3 K I VKnWR^!""jVPMUPKSW SEPJ JSk PlSmS*j+K IUi PK^!""j[V WMLSX SYiOPNSk PlSmS*j'K I ViNW^!""c BpH d 5PQ9:;<Z .. $= 5 BS _`( 2 !"# Z[ p\]_`h fw_`N. h ^ I_`_^$ ~5d_`$ 5~ 2 Aa pbP[p cdeCf\g$y 6;hipjk5d 5 Aa pG bPp k lmno pqr o,Z[ psp tup (vw xyo,z {|o,A}~ o$28 $ 5~ jk5d $ r pd dSJT[\]2 6)* pm ( u $ } 1>? d ( 1 1r \P QJK/YiOPNb(_` /> ( (789: b(7VW ( p r6k l$r5$. b z{|}; 1; ~ k ^+^dJT[\](<=S $6Vi P;z{! 12 ( p_`r5z . , 2 ;*'"K 16~5; 2 ( $ 1 r l1r k5dr r ( 2 ~5z{! (" 1 -. 0.(]%("B1; 1r6k 1;h >? k5d (_`$ z{(745"B2 efghij(745"B/ JT[\](GHG $ 745"B1 1 1; b $6~5j^d ?))))))))))))))))))))))))))))]]]}}

7 B( b JT[\]; 6 z{|}$ 1; dS Bc^ PXJ S S6 WMVK8S VLVUPMiS PnPVZS3 UVLVLMPKN iOLJVKS RS[WLJKPQS\PKYQJVKS]WQQNS UPLS WLSLUWS]JMOP JPKS]QVOn8S ]}~ ]~8 SXVQS!' S3 SVW QiPMR8S!""!S!^ WKKJNS S POWRZS WQPKVTNJK WlTMWNNJKYSYPKYQJVKSOWQQNSJKSTMJ PLWSMWLJKPSNJYKPQSOVQViMSPK SJMMP JPKOWSPK STMV WOLSLVSLUWSY\ 8S PLiMW8S VQS* 8S!"" S ^S !ZS : ( np8Si huj ^<f A 0 8 STTc" c+!8S!""*SJT[\]( 7C p J r, r5456 7 IJp _`.6>? k d6WM PKb3^( r5mC 1 I '^$ 1 JT[\] $ mC ; $ck 1$6 dr r YiOPN b(_`'^ efghijpg; <= r5>=?2 7 ( k7VW$er $2 z 6ke7|}p 1; b $6 efghij; 67VW$e z{|}$ 1; >? k d6WM PKb 2 (YiOPNb; r5efghij(C 1 JT[\]("Bp |tr5 26>? k6kdS*^S\ S] S6 MPJKPM ZS3 UVLVKN8S]QVOnN8 SPK S]VKNOJViNKWNNS8 SXViMKPQSV S JVQVYJOPQSTURLU N8 SXVQS!"S V*8S iYiNLS!"" SS ^S3 S S[ S\P QJKZSWi PKSPK S POP iWSTiQJQSMWNTVKNWNS MJXWKS RS WQPKVTNJK OVKLPJKJKYSMWLJKPQSYPKYQJVKSOWQQN8S OJWKOWS JMWOL8S JNJVKS[WNWMOU*jS'*+ ' *8S!)))))))))

8 ""jS+^S[ SX SYiOPNZS]UPMPOLWMJ WPLJVKSV SPKSVOiQPMSTUVLV STJY WKLSOPTP QWSV S MJXJKYSTiTJQPMRSOVKLMJOLJVKSJKS JOW8 SKPLiMWSKWiMVNOJWKOW8 SXVQS*S VS+S+!c +!+8S!""cSj^SVPMUPKW EPJ JZS UVML PXWQWKYLUSYJYULS WKNJLJXJLRSV S]JMOP JPK8S3iQJQQPMR8 SPK S JNiPQS PMWKWNNSJKSWi PKNSYPOnJKY iLWM[WLJKP8]iMMWKL6 JVQVYRcj8!c!! !c!38!""jSR BP% B 48-4 3^S P S S6WM PKZS W S JNOVXWMJWNSJKSXJNJVKSP WOLSQJYULJKYSTMPOLJOW8S YP MWKOWS 6 WMnWQWRS PLJVKPQS YP VMPLVMR8S6 WMnWQWR8S] S'*j!"S'^S[ X YiOPNZS J JKJNUW S3iJQQPMRSYJYULS[W QWlSPLSWJYULS}MMP JPKOWNSJKS WQPKVTNJK KVOnViLS JOW8S OJWKOW8S!"" S