Transcription of 第2章 化学結合 - totchane.mars.jp
1 6 [ ] ( ) covalent bond hybrid orbital [ ] 1 2s 2px 2 2s 2px 2pz 3 2s 2px 2py 2pz 4 2s 2px 2py 2pz 1 2s 2px 2 2s 2px+ 2py 3 2s 2px 2py 1 2s 2px 2 2s 2px / / 2s 2p2s 2p2s 2p y ( )2s 2p1s y y HC C HH HHHC 7 [ ] ( ) [ ] 1s2s2p ( ) 1ssp3 ( ) 1ssp3 ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] ( )
2 [ ] [ ] ( ) HNHHHHHNHNNHHHHHHH8[ ] 1s2s2p ( ) 1ssp3 ( ) 1ssp3 ( ) [ ] ( ) [ ] 1s2s2p ( ) 1ssp 2py2pz ( ) x 1ssp 2py2pz ( ) [ ] ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 9( )
3 Metallic bond body centered cubic,bcc face centered cubic,fcc hexagonal closest packing,hcp ( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )[ ] [ ] ( ) .. [ ] [ ] ( ) .. [ ] [ ] ( ) .. 10( ) ionic bond electronegativity [ ] .. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ionic crystal unit cell Coulomb's force ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )[ ] [ ] Na+Cl-Cs+Cl-Zn2+S2-Zn2+O2-Ni2+As2- 11( ) coordinate bond ligand paramagnetism diamagnetism (III) (III)
4 [ ] ( ) (III) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] (III) ( ) (III) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) CNCNCNCNCNCN Fe1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3d1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3d1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3d1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3d1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3dFe4sFe(III) 4p Fe 12[ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) (II) ( ) (II) [ ( ) ] ( ) hydrogen bond [ ] ( )
5 Polarity [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) .. NH3NH3NH3NH3Zn2+CCH3CH3CO HH OOO1s 2s 2p 3s 3p3d4s(b)4p(a)
