2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide - WAPA

1 2016 . Asphalt . Pavement . Design . Guide . Wisconsin Asphalt Pavement Association 4600 American Parkway, Suite 201. Madison, Wisconsin 53718. 608-255-3114 office Asphalt Pavement Design Guide Version Published August 30, 2016 . INSIDE FRONT COVER. Page intentionally left blank. 2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide FOREWORD. Foreword This 2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide has been Our Objectives prepared to assist readers in understanding Asphalt mix pave- ment Design , construction, and rehabilitation. WAPA and its members are dedicated to fulfilling the follow- ing objectives: Quality Asphalt Pavement may be constructed in a wide range of soil, weather, and loading conditions.

2 This Guide presents Cultivation of sound relationships and cooperative ef- examples of designs, procedures, and applications that have fort among members, governmental agencies, and other been proved successful in the state of Wisconsin. All Asphalt similar organizations and associations. mixtures presented in this Design Guide are proven mixes that Stimulation of public interest in the durability, sustain- are readily available throughout Wisconsin from companies ability, economic responsibility, safety features, and experienced in producing and constructing quality Asphalt other benefits gained through the use of Asphalt paving pavements. materials. This Design Guide was developed based on information Advocacy of sound planning in highway construction contained in the Wisconsin Department of Transportation's and maintenance to ensure maximum benefit from the (WisDOT's) Standard Specifications and is intended for use expenditure of public funds.

3 By architects, engineers, developers, owners, and governmen- tal officials. References to authorities and agencies do not Dissemination of information gathered from all avail- constitute their endorsement of this Design Guide . If fur- able sources, including extensive research, related to the ther clarification of the materials presented here is desired, manufacture and use of Asphalt paving materials. readers are encouraged to contact the appropriate authority, The ultimate quality of an Asphalt paving project is directly review the references cited, or contact the Wisconsin Asphalt related to the experience, skill, and equipment of the con- Pavement Association (WAPA, online at ) or a tractor doing the project.

4 This is why WAPA urges consum- WAPA member in their area. ers to be sure that bidders for their Asphalt paving project are This Design Guide has been developed to provide basic properly qualified Asphalt pavers. information on Asphalt pavements so readers can develop an WAPA takes pride in presenting this 2016 Asphalt Pave- understanding of topics critical in the Design and construc- ment Design Guide and will be happy to provide read- tion of quality Asphalt pavements. WAPA cautions that the ers with additional information. information contained in this Design Guide may be insuf- ficient when used alone. This Design Guide should be used in concert with additional sound and established Pavement engineering principles, Design guidance, and valid materials Acknowledgments and traffic data.

5 Other resource materials and authorities This Guide builds on the 2001 Asphalt Pavement Design should be consulted when field conditions differ from those Guide written and developed under the direction of given in this Design Guide . Dr. James Crovetti, Marquette University, Department of This Design Guide presents background information on as- Civil and Environmental Engineering. phalt pavements and Pavement Design considerations (Chap- WAPA Engineering Director Deborah Schwerman provided ters 1 through 5). Thickness Design tables (Chapter 6) are major updates for this edition of the Guide . presented for a variety of roadway and other uses. Informa- tion on Pavement management systems (Chapter 7), pave- ment rehabilitation (Chapter 8), special use Asphalt (Chapter 9), and materials requirements (Chapter 10) is also provided.

6 WISCONSIN Asphalt Pavement ASSOCIATION i 2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide . Page intentionally left blank. WISCONSIN Asphalt Pavement ASSOCIATION ii 2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS. Table of Contents Foreword .. i Fiber-Reinforced Asphalt .. 12. Our Objectives ..ii 5. Pavement Design Considerations .. 13. Acknowledgments .. ii Traffic Loadings ..13. 1 Introduction .. 1 Traffic Classifications ..13. 2 Quality Asphalt Pavements .. 2 ESAL Calculations .. 14. Quality Management Program .. 2 Calculation Procedure 1 .. 14. Verification Testing .. 2 Calculation Procedure 2 .. 14. Asphalt Pavement Structures .. 2 Simplified Procedure .. 14. Asphalt with Aggregate Bases.

7 2 Subgrade Support .. 15. Full-Depth Asphalt .. 3 Subgrade Soil Classification .. 15. Pavement Smoothness .. 3 Drainage ..16. International Roughness Index .. 3 Surface Drainage .. 16. 3 Materials for Asphalt Pavements .. 4 Subsurface Drainage ..16. Asphalt Cement Binder .. 4 Synthetic Subgrade Improvements .. 16. Emulsified Asphalts .. 4 6. Thickness Guides for Asphalt Pavements .. 17. Cutback Asphalts .. 4 How to Use the Design Tables ..17. Asphalt Binder Grading .. 4 7. Pavement Management Systems ..19. Performance Grading .. 4 Establishing a Pavement Management System ..19. Wisconsin Specifications .. 4 Asphalt PASER Manual ..20. Aggregates .. 6 How to Use the PASER System.

8 20. Natural Aggregates .. 6 8. Pavement Rehabilitation ..21. Recycled Aggregates .. 6 Asphalt Overlays .. 21. Synthetic Aggregates .. 6 Thin Lift Asphalt Overlays ..21. Aggregates for Base Courses .. 6 Structural Asphalt Overlays ..22. Desirable Properties of Aggregates Used for Base Courses .. 6 Open-Graded Friction Courses ..22. Gradation .. 7 Surface Preparation Methods ..22. Aggregates for Asphalt Mixtures .. 7 Localized Surface Preparation ..22. Desirable Properties of Aggregates for Asphalt Pavements .. 7 Asphalt Cold Milling ..22. 4. Asphalt Mix Design .. 9 In-Place Recycling (Pulverizing or Full-Depth Reclamation) ..23. What is an Asphalt Mix Design ? .. 9 Cold In-Place Recycling.

9 23. Properties Considered in Mix Design .. 9 Concrete Pavement Preparation ..23. WisDOT Asphalt Pavement Types ..10 9. Asphalt for Recreational and Industrial Uses ..25. Aggregates for Asphalt Layers ..10 Sidewalks and Walkways .. 25. Asphalt Layer Thickness ..10 Bicycle and Golf Cart Paths .. 25. Job Mix Formula .. 11 Play Areas ..25. WisDOT Asphalt Design Specifications ..11 Curbs ..25. Asphalt Compaction .. 11 Tennis Courts ..25. Air Void Regression .. 12 Asphalt -Rubber Running Tracks ..25. Specialty Mixes ..12 Asphalt for Hydraulic Structures ..26. Warm Mix Asphalt ..12 Agricultural Applications ..26. Porous Asphalt ..12 Railroad Track Beds .. 26. Crack-Relief Interlayers.

10 12 10. Materials Requirements Table .. 27. WISCONSIN Asphalt Pavement ASSOCIATION iii 2016 Asphalt Pavement Design Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS. 11. References ..28. Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) ..28. Transportation Information Center, University of Wisconsin .. 28. Additional Government Resources ..28. Additional Engineering and Research Resources ..28. Additional Industry Resources ..29. List of Tables Comparable Binder Grades .. 6. Base Course Aggregate: Gradation Requirements .. 7. Asphalt Mixture Aggregate Gradation Ranges .. 8. WisDOT Asphalt Pavement Classification by Traffic Level (20-year ESAL) .. 10. WisDOT Thickness Specifications for Individual Asphalt Layers.