ตอนที่ 3 การจัด ... - dede.go.th

1 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. 6.. (Waste Heat Recovery).. 6 .. 1.. 2.. 3.. 4.. 5.. 6.. 6-1. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. 2 ( ) ( . ) .. 2 . 1.. ( ).. 2.. 3 . 1. > 650oC 2. 230-650oC 3. < 230oC 6-2. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (oC). Nickel Refining Furnace 1,371-1,649. Aluminum Refining Furnace 649-760. Zinc Refining Furnace 760-1,093. Copper Refining Furnace 760-816. Steel Heating Furnace 927-1,038. Glass Melting Furnace 982-1,538. Solid Waste Incinerators 649-982.. (oC). Steam Boiler Exhausts 232-482. Gas Turbine Exhausts 371-538. Reciprocating Engine Exhausts 316-593. Heat Treating Furnace 427-649. Drying and Baking Ovens 232-593.. (oC). Process Steam Condensate 54-88. Cooling Water from: Furnace Doors 32-54.

2 Bearings 32-88. Welding Machines 32-88. Injection Molding Machines 32-88. Air Compressor 27-49. Internal Combustion Engine 66-121. Condenser of Air Conditioner and Refrigerator 32-43.. 6-3. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. ( . 10% ) .. (Measurement of Flow Rate). (Pipe Ductwork) . - (Pitot Tube) (Static and Dynamic Pressure) .. - (Orifice) (Orifice Plate) .. - (Venturi) .. 6-4. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. (Measurement of Temperature).. (Thermocouple) . (Pyrometer) . 1. (Thermocouple).. (Chemical Attack) (Fouling) . (Thermal Fatigue) .. 2. (Pyrometer).. (Suction Pyrometer) (Open- ended Quartz Tube) .. ( The Efficient Use of Energy IGC Dden). (Quantifying Available Heat).. H = F x A x D x C x T ( ).

3 H = , kW. F = , m3/( ). A = , m2. D = , kg/m3. C = , kJ/( ). T = , C. 6-5. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. H . (Useful Heat Out / Heat Into Device) .. ( : . ). (Cost-effective Use of Waste Heat).. (Space Heating) .. ( : . ).. ( ) .. 6-6. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Available Options of Using Waste Heat).. 1.. (Recuperator) (Regenerator). 2. (Stock) . 3. (Furnace Regenerator). 4.. 5.. 6.. 7.. 8.. ) (Pre-heating Combustion Air).. ( ).. (Recuperator) (Regenerator) .. (Cyclic Heat Storage Device) . (Temperature Profiles) . 6-7. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. (Modeling) .. (Steel Billet) 10 1,250oC . 8 15 45 . (Energy Flow) 3 . (Recuperative) (Regenerative) 3 . / . / . / .. 50% 30% . (Reheating Furnace).

4 10-15%. 6-8. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. 3 . ) (Charge Pre-heating and Drying). ( Charge Recuperator (Incoming Stock) .. 6-9. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Blast Furnaces) (Tunnel Kiln) . ( 400oC) .. 10-30%. ) (Steam Generation).. 2 3 . 80% . (Phase Change) .. ) (Power Generation).. (Ethylene Cracking) (Ammonia Production) . 6-10. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. (Petrochemical Refining) .. (Condensing Steam Turbine). 3. 6 .. (Waste Heat Boiler) . (Gas Turbine) (Combined Heat and Power, CHP). (Available Heat Recovery Technology). 30.. 60. 50. (oC). 40. 30. 20. 10. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400. (%).. 6-11. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Established Technology). 400oC .. ( : . ). ) (Heat Exchanger).. ( ).

5 (Plate Exchanger).. (Counterflow) . ( ) . (Oxidation) 800oC . (Special Alloys) . 6-12. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. - . - . - 800oC. - 40-60%. - . - . - . - . - .. (Ceramic Cross flow Heat Exchanger). (900- 1,100oC) .. (Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger).. 6-13. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Convection).. - . - 550oC. - 70-90%. - . - . - . - . ) (Recuporator).. (Radiation Tubes with Recuperator).. ( ) . (5-10 / ) .. 6-14. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. - . - . (Reheating Furnace) (Soaking Pit). - 1,400oC. - 10-20%. - . - . - . - . (Double Shell Type Recuperator). (Convection Tubes with Recuperator).. ( ) (Turbulent). (Convection) .. 6-15. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. - . - 1,200oC. - 30-50%.

6 - . (Tubular Convection Recuperator). - (Recuporative Burner System and Self-recuporative Burner). (Plate and Radiation Tube Heat Exchanger) .. - . ( ) . (Flue Gas Eductor) .. 6-16. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. - .. - .. ( 800oC) - . - . (Regenerative Ceramic Burner) .. - (Self-recuperative Burner). - - . - . - 1,500oC. - 20-40%. - ( - ) .. - . ) (Regenerator). 6-17. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Rotary Regenerator) .. (Cycle Times) 30 30 .. (Static Regenerator).. ( ) .. 6-18. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. - . - 1,500oC. - 70-90%. - . - . - . - . - . (Rotary Regenerator). (Refractory Matrix Drum) 10 2 .. - . - . - 1,700oC. - 70-90%. - . - . - . - (High Pressure Drop). - . - .. - . (Compact Ceramic Regenerators).

7 6-19. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Annealing) (Heat Treatment of Steel) (AIuminium Remelting) . (Drum) (Domestic Dust Bin) . ( ) . 60-120 . 90%. (Fouling) .. - . - 1,500oC. - 70-90%. - . - . - . - . 6-20. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (Impulse-fired Regenerative Burner). ( ) (Regenerative Burner) .. / / .. (Reversing Valves) / .. 15 . / . / . (Themocouple) .. 6-21. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. (New Developments).. - (Self-recuperative) (Regenerative) .. ) (Radial Plate Recuperative Burner).. 1,000oC .. (Heat Transfer Coefficient) ( ) .. 2 .. (Wedge-sectioned Ceramic) (Convection Heat Transfer 6-22. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. Coefficient) .. (Stand-alone Unit) . - GJ/h (180-450. kW) 700-1,100oC .. (Retrofit Application).

8 - . - . - 700-1,100oC. - 60%. - .. - . - . 6-23. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. ) (Integral Bed Regenerative Burner). (Bed of Ceramic Spheres) ( ) .. 30-180 . (Integral Bed Regenerative Burner).. GJ/h ( kW) GJ/h (5,160. kW). 6-24. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. - . - 1,500oC. - 70-80%. - . - . - . - (Fouling) . ) (Energy Optimising Furnace, EOF). 20% (EIectric Arc Furnace) . 600oC .. (Energy Optimising Furnace, EOF). 6-25. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. 850oC.. ( ) .. ( ).. ( ) .. 6-26. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. 1.. 2.. 3. (Good Housekeeping) .. 4. (Cost-effective) .. 5.. 6.. 7.. 8.. (Fouling) .. (NOx).. 9.. 10.. 11.. 12.. 6-27. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. 1: . 2 . 1. (Application) . (Combustion Air Pre-heating).

9 2. - . 3.. 4.. 1,400oC 4 / ./. / . GJ/.. (Flue Gas) 1,100oC. 5.. 2 . 10 (Stainless Steel) . Thermal Transfer .. 2540.. 2 .. 35oC 550oC . 500oC 2 .. 6,000 / . 70 -80oC . 50-55% . 25% 12 . 6.. 10,000,000 . 3,000,000 / .. 7.. 8.. 6-28. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553.. 2: . (Regenerator). 1. (Application) . / . 2. ( ). 3. (Glass Container). 4.. / 3 1 . 2 3 C . C 60,000 / / . 1,500oC 1 200 / 2. 400 / .. 5.. 2 .. National Refractories .. 2543 . / . 1,500oC . 1,350oC . 500oC 200-300oC . (Damper) . 30-35oC 1,200-1,300oC . 2 30 . 2 . 70-75% 30% 10 . 6.. 6-29. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. ( 200 ) 20,000,000 . 12,250,000 / .. 7.. 8.. 3: (Waste Gas) . (Waste Heat Boiler). 1. (Application).. (Steam Turbine).

10 2. ( ). 3. (Carbon Black) .. 4.. (Conversion Oil) . (Specific Gravity) 90% . 1,600-1,850oC . (Waste Gas) 420 / (24 ) . 750 / (Bag Filter). ( ) .. 5.. (Water Tube) .. x x Rekupcrater .. 2533 . 6-30. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. (Main Bag Filter) 8 x 24 x 20. Filter Media .. 2522. (CO) . (H) (N) 150,000 m3/h . 634 kCal/m3 2,654 kJ/m3 . 130 / . 42 400oC . MW .. 110 / .. 55-60% . 25-30% 20 . 6.. 300 . 300 / . 1 . 7.. 8.. 4: (Gas Engine). 1. (Application). (Waste Heat Boiler) (Absorption Chiller). 2. ( ). 3.. 4.. 6-31. 3 6 ( ) .. 2553. - 12 . 4 .. 5.. (Gas Engine) (Generator) 3 (Rated Capacity) 2 MW kV x x Wartsila 3 / . 6 . (barg) (Fire Tube) Danstoker . 3 360 x x Sanyo.