Transcription of 4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION
1 CREOSOTE2164. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHEMICAL IDENTITYThe CHEMICAL synonyms and identification numbers for wood creosote, coal tar creosote, and coal tar arelisted in Tables 4-1 through 4-3. Coal tar pitch is similar in composition to coal tar creosote and is notpresented separately. Coal tar pitch volatiles are compounds given off from coal tar pitch when it isheated. The volatile component is not shown separately because it varies with the composition of thepitch. Creosotes and coal tars are complex mixtures of variable composition containing primarilycondensed aromatic ring compounds (coal-derived substances) or phenols (wood creosote).
2 Therefore, itis not possible to represent these materials with a single CHEMICAL formula and structure. The sources, CHEMICAL properties, and composition of coal tar creosote, coal tar pitch, and coal tar justify treating thesematerials as a whole. Wood creosote is discussed separately because it is different in nature, use, regarding the CHEMICAL identity of wood creosote, coal tar creosote, and coal tar is located inTables 4-1 through PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESWood creosote, coal tar creosote, coal tar, and coal tar pitch differ from each other with respect to theircomposition.
3 Descriptions of each mixture are presented below. Wood CreosoteWood creosotes are derived from beechwood (referred to herein as beechwood creosote) and the resinfrom leaves of the creosote bush (Larrea, referred to herein as creosote bush resin). Beechwood creosoteconsists mainly of phenol, cresols, guaiacols, and xylenols. It is a colorless or pale yellowish liquid, andit has a characteristic smoky odor and burnt taste (Miyazato et al. 1981). It had therapeutic applicationsin the past as a disinfectant, laxative, and a stimulating expectorant, but it is not a major pharmaceuticalingredient today in the United States.
4 Beechwood creosote is obtained from fractional distillation(200 220 EC at atmospheric pressure) of beechwood or related plants. The mixture has only recentlybeen characterized to any significant extent (Ogata and Baba 1989). Phenol, p-cresol, and guaiacolsCREOSOTE2174. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATIONT able 4-1. CHEMICAL Identity of Wood CreosoteCharacteristicInformation ReferenceChemical nameWood creosoteMerck 1989 Synonym(s)Beechwood creosote, creosote, creasoteMerck 1989 Registered trade name(s)Not applicableChemical formulaNot applicableChemical structureaNot applicableIdentification numbers:Windholz 1983 CAS registry8021-39-4 Merck 1989 NIOSH RTECSG05870000 HSDB 2000 EPA hazardous wasteU051 HSDB 2000 OHM/TADSNo dataDOT/UN/NA/IMCOUN 2810.
5 IMO 2000 HSDB1979 HSDB 2000aWood creosote is a mixture composed primarily of phenolic = CHEMICAL Abstracts Services; DOT/UN/NA/IMCO = Department of Transportation/United Nations/NorthAmerica/International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code; EPA = Environmental Protection Agency;HSDB = Hazardous Substance Data Bank; NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health;OHM/TADS = Oil and Hazardous Materials/Technical Assistance Data System; RTECS = Registry of Toxic Effectsof CHEMICAL SubstancesCREOSOTE2184.
6 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATIONT able 4-2. CHEMICAL Identity of Coal Tar CreosoteCharacteristicInformation ReferenceChemical nameCoal tar creosoteAmerican Wood Preserver sAssociation 1988 Synonym(s)Creosote, creosote oil, dead oil, brickoil, coal tar oil, creosote P1, heavy oil,liquid pitch oil, wash oil, creosotum,cresylic creosote, naphthalene oil, taroil, AWPA #1, Preserv-o-soteHSDB 2000 Registered trade name(s)Sakresote 100 HSDB 2000 CHEMICAL formulaNot applicableChemical structureaNot applicableIdentification numbers:CAS registry8001-58-9 Merck 1989; Weiss 1986 NIOSH RTECSGF9615000 HSDB 2000 EPA hazardous wasteU051 HSDB 2000 OHM/TADSNo dataDOT/UN/NA/IMCO shipping UN 1136/1137; IMO 2000 HSDB6299 HSDB 2000 NCINo dataaCoal tar creosote is a mixed compound composed primarily of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons includingphenanthrene, acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, and = CHEMICAL Abstracts Services.
7 DOT/UN/NA/IMCO = Department of Transportation/United Nations/NorthAmerica/International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code; EPA = Environmental Protection Agency;HSDB = Hazardous Substance Data Bank; NCI = National Cancer Institute; NIOSH = National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health; OHM/TADS = Oil and Hazardous Materials/Technical Assistance Data System;RTECS = Registry of Toxic Effects of CHEMICAL SubstancesCREOSOTE2194. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATIONT able 4-3. CHEMICAL Identity of Coal TarCharacteristicInformation ReferenceChemical nameCoal tarMerck 1989 Synonym(s)Crude coal tar, pixalbol, tarHSDB 2000 Registered trade name(s)Psorigel, ClinitarMerck 1989 CHEMICAL formulaNot applicableChemical structureaNot applicableIdentification numbers:CAS registry8007-45-2 HSDB 2000 NIOSH RTECSNo dataEPA hazardous wasteNo dataOHM/TADSNo dataDOT/UN/NA/IMCOUN 1999.
8 IMO 2000 HSDB5050 HSDB 2000 NCINo dataaCoal tar is a mixed compound composed primarily of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene,acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, and = CHEMICAL Abstracts Services; DOT/UN/NA/IMCO = Department of Transportation/United Nations/NorthAmerica/International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code; EPA = Environmental Protection Agency;HSDB = Hazardous Substance Data Bank; NCI = National Cancer Institute; NIOSH = National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health; OHM/TADS = Oil and Hazardous Materials/Technical Assistance Data System;RTECS = Registry of Toxic Effects of CHEMICAL SubstancesCREOSOTE2204.
9 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION (guaiacol and 4-methylguaiacol) comprise the bulk of beechwood creosote. Xylenols, other methylatedguaiacols, and trimethylphenols account for virtually all of the remaining phenolics in the material. Sincebeechwood creosote is obtained from different sources using nonstandardized procedures, its compositionmay vary to some degree. For the sample analyzed by Ogata and Baba (1989), more than two-thirds ofthe more than 20 compounds identified (Table 4-4) were represented by just four components (phenol,p-cresol, guaiacol, and 4-methylguaiacol).
10 Selected CHEMICAL and PHYSICAL properties of wood creosoteare shown in Table 4-5. Creosote bush resin consists of phenolics ( , flavonoids and nordihydroguaiaretic acid), neutrals ( ,waxes), basics ( , alkaloids), and acidics ( , phenolic acids). The phenolic portion comprises83 91% of the total resin. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid accounts for 5 10% of the dry weight of the leaves(Leonforte 1986). No other relevant CHEMICAL / PHYSICAL data are available for creosote bush resin; thesubstance is therefore not addressed further in this profile.
