501 German Verbs - German Translation and Tutoring

1 BARRON SBARRON SFOREIGNLANGUAGEGUIDESFOREIGN LANGUAGE GUIDESBARRON SFOREIGN LANGUAGE GUIDESFOURTH EDITIONF ully conjugated in all the tensesin an easy-to-learn formatalphabetically arranged0 FREECD-ROMINSIDEGERMAN VERBSBRAND-NEW EDITION OF BARRON S BEST-SELLING 501 Verbs SERIESTHE BEST-SELLING verb SERIES IN THE WORLDL earning German Is Twice as Easy with This Helpful 2-in-1 Combination!Henry StrutzStrutzISBN-13: 978-0-7641-9393-4 EAN$ Canada $ : 0-7641-9393-7 The easy-to-use reference book gives you: The most common German Verbs , alphabetically arranged, one verb per page, conjugated in all tenses Common idioms and example sentences demonstrating verb usage Index of German verb forms identified by their infinitive A summary of sequence of verb tenses .. and much moreThe bonus CD-ROM gives you: Sentence completion exercises fill in the correct word Dialogue exercises fill in the appropriate response Word completion exercises find the correct verb form Word seek exercises find the right word to fit the phrase Matching with english find correct translations in the right-hand column Answers given for all exercises0 GERMANVERBSGERMAN Verbs with CD-ROM7-9393-501 GermVrbs-Fbs 9/11/07 4:29 PM Page 1 FOURTH EDITIONF ully conjugated in all the tenses in a new, easy-to-learn format, alphabetically arrangedbyHenry Strutz Formerly Associate Professor of , Agricultural and Technical CollegeAlfred, New YorkBARRON SFOREIGN LANGUAGE GUIDES0 GERMANVERBS7_9393_501 German_FM1 8/28/07 3.

2 31 PM Page i Copyright 2008, 1998 by Barron s Educational Series, editions Copyright 1990, 1972 by Barron s Educational Series, rights part of this book may be reproduced in anyform, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or anyother means, or incorporated into any informationretrieval system, electronic or mechanical, withoutthe written permission of the copyright inquiries should be addressed to:Barron s Educational Series, Wireless BoulevardHauppauge, New York : 978-0-7641-9393-4 ISBN-10: 0-7641-9393-7 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 2007011978 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataStrutz, German Verbs : fully conjugated in all the tenses in a new, easy-to-learn format, alphabetically arranged / by Henry Strutz. 4th cm. (Barron s foreign language guides)Includes : 978-0-7641-9393-4 (alk. paper)ISBN-10: 0-7641-9393-7 (alk. paper)1. German language verb Tables. I. Title. II. Title: Five hundred oneGerman Verbs .

3 '421 dc222007011978 PRINTED IN CANADA9876543217_9393_501 German_FM1 8/28/07 3:31 PM Page iiForewordivPronunciation1 Tenses and Moods in German , with english Equivalents4 Sample english verb Conjugation5 Sample German verb Conjugation6 Sample english verb Conjugation Passive Voice7 Sample German verb Conjugation Passive Voice8 Weak and Strong Verbs9 Special verb Uses15 Some Pointers on the Use of Tenses19 The Subjunctive Mood24 Verbs with a Dative Object27 Subject Pronouns and verb Forms in the Imperative Mood28 Essential 55 verb List29 Alphabetical Listing of 501 german verbs Fully Conjugated in All the Tenses31 Appendixes607 Prefix Verbs609 Word Order612 verb Drills and Tests with Answers Explained614 Weather Expressions and Impersonal Verbs675 Proverbs and Idiomatic Expressions677 english - German verb Index680 German - english verb Index686 Index of verb Forms Identified by Infinitive692 Contents7_9393_501 German_FM1 8/28/07 3:31 PM Page iiiForewordThe verb is a very important part of speech.

4 It denotes action or state of noted American historian and poet, Carl Sandburg, once declared that theCivil War was fought over a verb , namely, whether it was correct to say TheUnited States is or The United States are. For each of the 501 Verbs listed in this book, the student will find the principalparts of each verb at the top of the page. The principal parts consist third person singular of the Past Past Participle (preceded by istfor seinverbs) third person singular of the Present TenseEXAMPLE: english : to speak, spoke, spoken, speaksGERMAN:sprechen, sprach,gesprochen,sprichtThese are the basic forms of the verb and should be memorized, especially inthe case of the irregular or strong Verbs , that is Verbs which change the stemvowel of the Infinitive to form the Past Tense and whose Past Participle ends inen. More than one-half of the Verbs in this book are strong or irregular or regular Verbs do not change the stem vowel of the Infinitive to formthe Past Tense but merely add the ending te(plus personal endings in the secondperson singular and the three persons of the plural).

5 Past Participles of weakverbs end in : english : to play, played, played, playsGERMAN:spielen, spielte, gespielt, spieltBoth english and German have strong and weak the exception of a small group of Verbs called irregular weak Verbs (insome texts called mixed Verbs or hybrids see index), Verbs in German areeither weak or strong. The strong or irregular Verbs are not as difficult to learn asit might seem, if it is remembered that most of them can be classified into sevenmajor groups. For example, the Verbs bleiben, leihen, meiden, preisen, reiben,scheiden, scheinen, schreien, schweigen, steigen, treiben, verzeihen, weisenall follow the same pattern as schreibenin their principal parts:schreiben, schrieb, geschrieben, schreibtThere are six other major groupings (the Ablautsreihen ) of the strong verbswith which you should familiarize yourself. You will then agree that the Englishauthor, H. H. Munro (Saki), exaggerated the difficulty of German Verbs when, inhis story Tobermory, he told of a professor who had to flee England after a cat,which he had trained to talk, compromised the weekend guests at an Englishmanor house by revealing their secrets which it (the cat) had overheard.

6 A fewweeks thereafter, the newspapers reported that the professor had been found deadin the Dresden Zoo in Germany. Upon hearing this news, one of the guests, whohad been embarrassed by the activities of the professor and his remarkable cat,iv7_9393_501 German_FM1 8/28/07 3:31 PM Page ivvcommented that it served the professor right if he was trying to teach the pooranimals those horrible German irregular the principal parts, you will find the Imperative or Command there are three ways of saying youin German (du, ihr,and Sie), there arethus three ways of giving commands to people. The first form of the Imperative isthe duor familiar singular form which ends in ein most cases, although this eisfrequently dropped in colloquial speech. The second form is the ihror FamiliarPlural Imperative. It is exactly the same as the ihrform (second person plural) ofthe Present Tense. The polite or SieImperative (called in some texts theConventional or Formal Imperative) is simply the infinitive plus Sie, except forthe imperative of sein, which is seien Sie!

7 The fully conjugated forms of the six tenses of the Indicative will be found onthe left-hand side of each page. These six tenses state a fact, or, in their interroga-tive (question) form, ask a question about a fact. You should refer to a grammarfor more detailed information concerning the use of these tenses: the idiomaticuse of the Present for the Future; the use of the Present Perfect in colloquialspeech and in non-connected narratives where english uses the past; the Futureand Future Perfect used idiomatically to express probability; the very importantmatter of seinand intransitive Verbs . See also Special verb Uses, page right-hand side of each page is devoted to the tenses of the Subjunctivemood, which is used to denote unreality, possibility, doubt in the mind of thespeaker. For information concerning the use of the Subjunctive (indirect discourse;the use of the Past Subjunctive or Present Subjunctive II for the Conditional), youshould also consult a grammar and The Subjunctive Mood, page are four Times in the Subjunctive: Present, Past, Future, and FuturePerfect time.

8 Each of the Times has a primary and secondary form (indicatedby I and II in many grammars). This more recent classification of the forms of theSubjunctive corresponds better to its actual use. However, since some grammarsstill use the traditional names for the tenses of the Subjunctive (which parallel thenames for the tenses of the Indicative), they have been given in parentheses. Theform ginge, for example, may be called the Imperfect or Past Subjunctive ofgehenin some books. In most grammars published today, however, it will becalled the Present Subjunctive Secondary (II) or General Subjunctive. The studentwill find gingelisted in this book under Subjunctive, Present Time, alternate designation Imperfect Subjunctive is also given in Present Participle of the verb (that is, dancingdolls, flyingsaucers, singingdogs) has been omitted, since in almost all cases it merely adds a dto the infini-tive. The student should remember that the Present Participle is used only adjecti-vally (as in the above examples) or adverbially.

9 Verbal nouns are expressed inGerman by the infinitive: das Tanzen dancing; das Fliegen flying; dasSingen Verbs can often be combined with prefixes. The matter of prefixes isof great importance. The index therefore devotes considerable attention to them,although, of necessity, it is by no means complete in its listings of Verbs whichcan be combined with prefixes. There are three groups of prefixes: the separable,inseparable, and doubtful 8/28/07 3:31 PM Page vviThis new edition of 501 german verbs has many features that should bevery useful to you in studying German . The new sections Prefix Verbs (page609) and Word Order (page 612) will help you to understand and master diffi-cult areas. In addition, you now have a 55-page practice section ( verb Drills andTests with Answers Explained, page 614) that provides hands-on instruction incorrect verb new edition features a listing of 55 essential Verbs . For many of thoseverbs, a sampling of major related prefix Verbs is also given, along with sen-tences illustrating their meaning.

10 Separable prefix Verbs are listed first, followedby inseparable prefix Verbs . A few Verbs have a separable and an inseparable prefix verb that are written similarly, though pronounced differently. See the dis-cussion of doubtful prefixes on page 610. Understanding prefix Verbs , their rela-tionship to the main verb , and formal differences in using them is a difficult yetextremely important topic in studying German and essential for vocabularybuilding. Prefixes often express shades of meaning of the basic verb and canmake that meaning more precise. In addition to those cited, many other verbshave prefix Verbs related to them. By studying the examples given, you will gaininsight into how prefix Verbs work in general. Because this book is a quick reference source for the completely conjugatedforms of German Verbs , it should assist you considerably in learning and usingGerman Strutz7_9393_501 German_FM1 8/28/07 3:31 PM Page viPronunciation1 PronunciationAnyone unfamiliar with both english and German would find German pronuncia-tion easier.