5th Edition Staying Healthy - Imagine Education …

1 Staying Healthy Preventing infectious diseases in early childhood Education and care services5th EditionStaying HealthyPreventing infectious diseases in early childhood Education and care servicesFiFth edition2012 national health and Medical Research Council national health and Medical Research Councilii Commonwealth of Australia 2012 Paper-based publicationthis work is copyright. You may reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction.

2 Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given the specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to Strategic Communications, national health and Medical Research Council, GPo Box 1421, Canberra ACt 2600 or via email to Print: 1864965541 Commonwealth of Australia 2012 Electronic documentthis work is copyright.

3 You may download, display, print and reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given the specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so.

4 Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to Strategic Communications, national health and Medical Research Council, GPo Box 1421, Canberra ACt 2600 or via email to online: 1864965568 AcknowledgementsQueensland Healthdr Andrew Langley; debbie neucom (Rn) Sunshine Coast Public health Unit, Central Regional Services, office of the Chief health officer nhMRC Project teamCathy Connor; tanja Farmer; Marion CareyExpert Reviewersdr Ann Kohler, Communicable diseases Branch, SA healthdr Kim drever, Centre of Community Child health, Royal Children s hospital, MelbourneMs Judy Radich, early Childhood Australiadr Celia Cooper, Microbiology and infectious diseases department, Women s and Children s hospital South AustraliaMs elise davis Associate director, Child Mental health Promotion, the Jack Brockhoff Child health and Wellbeing Program, Vichealth Public health Research Fellow, the McCaughey Centre, Melbourne School of Population health, the University of MelbourneMs irene Passaris.

5 Director, Communicable disease Control Section, health Protection Service, ACt health directorateMs Paula Spokes, A/Manager, Surveillance, Communicable diseases Branch, Centre for health Protection, nSW Ministry of healthTechnical WritersBiotext, CanberraTo obtain information regarding NHMRC publications contact:email: Phone: toll free 13 000 nhMRC (13 000 64672) or call (02) 6217 9000 internet: nhMRC Publication reference: Ch55 Published: november 2012 national health and Medical Research Counciliii national health and Medical Research CouncilContentsINTRODUCTION 1 Alignment with the National Quality Standards 1 Scope of this Edition 1 Best-practice advice 2 PART 1 Concepts in infection control What causes infections?

6 How do infections spread? The chain of infection Ways in which germs can spread How can diseases spread in Education and care services? Main ways to prevent infection Effective hand hygiene 10 Soap and water 11 Alcohol-based hand rubs 11 Antibacterial soap 12hand drying 12hand care Exclusion of ill children, educators and other staff 13the exclusion procedure 13involving parents 14 Recommended minimum exclusion periods Immunisation Additional strategies 24 Appropriate use of gloves 24 Cough and sneeze etiquette 25effective environmental cleaning 26 PART 2 Monitoring illness in children Watching for and recording symptoms in children What to do if a child seems unwell What to do if a child has a fever 32 Reducing the fever Keeping records Managing symptoms after immunisation 34 Managing injection site discomfort 34 Managing fever after immunisation 34 national health and

7 Medical Research Council national health and Medical Research CounciliV PART 3 Procedures Personal hygiene Hand hygiene 41 When to perform hand hygiene 41how to wash hands with soap and water 42how to clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub Using gloves 43disposable gloves Hygienic nappy changing and toileting Nappy changing 45 Placing paper on the change table 46 Wearing disposable gloves 46 Cleaning the child 46 Cleaning the change table Toilet training Safely dealing with spills Blood 48 Looking after the child 48dressing the wound 49 Checking for contact with blood 49 Cleaning the blood spill Faeces.

8 Vomit and urine Nasal discharge Cleaning the Education and care service Cleaning equipment When to clean Special considerations for cleaning 54 Bathrooms and toilets 54nappy change area 54 Clothing 54 Linen 54 Cots 55dummies 55toothbrushes 55toys 55 Cushions

9 55 Carpets, mats and curtains Food safety Basics for meals and snacks Preparing food 57heating and cooling food 57 Separating raw and cooked foods Preparing, storing and heating bottles 58 Preparing bottles 58 Storing bottles 58heating bottles Children s cooking classes 59 national health and Medical Research CouncilV national health and Medical Research Other considerations to prevent the spread of infectious diseases Sandpits Celebration cakes and blowing out candles Play dough Animals 61 Bat bites and scratches 61 Fish and marine animals 61 Fleas 61 PART 4 Issues for employers.

10 Educators and other staff Work health and safety Immunisation Recommended vaccinations for educators and other staff Infectious diseases during pregnancy Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Hand, foot and mouth disease Human parvovirus B19 (erythema infectiosum, fifth disease) Listeriosis Rubella (German measles) Toxoplasmosis Varicella (chickenpox) The role of public health units 71 PART 5 Fact sheets 73 PART 6 Glossary and resources Glossary Useful contacts Public health units Work health and safety authorities Food safety authorities Useful websites Forms 179 Record of illness at the Education and care service 179 Report form for parent or doctor 180 Medication permission form 181 Staff immunisation record 182intRodUCtionnational health and Medical Research Council national health and Medical Research CouncilViAppendix 1 Process report 183 Appendix 2 Key documents and references 187 Tablestable