บทปฏิบัติการที่ 6

1 1 6 2 1 2 1 (reproduction) (karyokinesis) 2 (mitosis) (meiosis) (mitosis) (somatic cell) mitosis mitosis (interphase) (DNA replication) mitosis (prophase) (metaphase) (anaphase) (telophase) (meiosis) (germ linecells)

2 Meiosis interphase mitosis meiosis 2 (first meiotic division) prophase 1 prophase mitosis prophase I meiosis 1 2 meiosis 2 (second meiotic division) meiosis 1 2 mitosis 4 (gamete) (organismic reproduction) 2 1.

3 (nongametic asexual reproduction) (fission) (budding) (sporulation) (fragmentation) mitosis 2. (gametic sexual reproduction) (fertilization) 1 (zygote) (paramecium) paramecium (conjugation) (gametogenesis) 2 1.

4 (microsporogenesis) (anther pollen sac) (microsporocyte) (microspore) 4 1 (generative cell) 1 (tube cell) 1 2. (megasporogenesis) (ovule) (ovary) (megasporocyte) meiosis 4 (megaspore) 1 mitosis 3 1 8 (embryo sac ) 3 (egg) 1 (synergid cells) 2 (antipodal cells) 3 embryo sac 2 (polar nuclei)

5 3 2 1. (spermatogenesis) (testis) meiosis (primary spermatocyte) first meiotic division (secondary spermatocyte) 2 second meiotic division (spermatids) 4 (spermatozoa) (sperm) 2. (oogenesis) (ovary) meiosis (primary oocyte) first meiotic division (secondary oocyte) 1 (polar body) 1 secondary oocyte second meiotic division (ootid) 1 polar body 1 polar body first meiotic division second meiotic division polar body (fertilization) 1 (zygote)

6 2 (pollen grain) generative cell tube cell (stigma) tube cell (pollen tube) (style) generative cell 1 2 pollen tube (micropyle) embryo sac 2 (2n) polar nuclei 3 (3n) ( endosperm) (double fertilization) (external fertilization) (internal fertilization)

7 4 gonopod, penis (spermatheca) cephalopod 1. mitosis meiosis 2. 3. 4. 1.

8 (white fish blastula) 2. fission paramecium conjugation paramecium 3. 4. mitosis meiosis 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1. mitosis meiosis 5 mitosis meiosis whitefish blastula mitosis meiosis (lifecycle) 2.

9 Fission paramecium (amoeba) budding regeneration conjugation conjugation paramecium (spermatogonia) (primaryspermatocyte) (secondary spermatocyte) (spermatid) (spermotozoa) (oocyte) (primary follicle) (growing follicle) (Graafian follicle) (corpus luteum) 6 1.

10 Mitosis meiosis (life cycle) mitosis meiosis mitosis meiosis mitosis meiosis 2 ( 2n = 6) Mitosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 7 2. 1. 2.