A GUIDE TO PRAYER IN ISLAM

1 ENGLISH - 103A GUIDE TOPRAYERIN ISLAMM. Abdul Karim SaqibThe Co-operative Office for Csll & Guidance at SullrnahUnder lhe suoeftsron 0llvinistrv 0l sam c Alla $ and Endowmenland Cal and Gu danceTe 4240C// F 4251005P0 80x926i5 Riyadh11663 EnE Sullanah22@halma comENGLISH- @holmailcom*i f!fi li#1rt\:i#IN THE NAI}IE OF ALIJ\HTIIE MERCIFI,'L THE COMPASSIONAIEIN'IHENAMEOFALLAH11 IEMERCIFUL'IHECOMPASSIONATE$iJl ;Ii4 GII]I]Dtr TOililPilIRA\YililEffiRms nsn,aMtfi|. tbdul Karin fagib~lo~4~..,AGUIJD)ETOINISJLAMM.~lJdul KfJrimSoqilJGUIDE TO PRAYERril rsLAMR enearched and Edited by:Mohammed Abdul Karim by:ljaz Begum ** are many books dealing with the Subiect of Salat inboth Arabic and Urdu. Many of these books are lvell writtenand provide an informative and comprehensive view ofhow Salat should be performed according to the teach-ings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Unfonunately( thereare very few books in English which deal with the subject inthe same informative and comprehensive books,which do exist, have three main , literature concerning Salat available in English iseither so brief that it does not cover essential points innearly enough detail, or it is so bulky and detailed that itbecomes difficult to use it for quick reference, and es-sential points may get lost in the unnece$sary , the text of the Salat lacks the quality of directresearch from the zunnah of the Prophet Muhammad(SAW).

2 There are also books which contain material with-out any reference to the original , the majority of books have been written accord-ing to the views held by certain schools of thought and forthis reason some people hesitate to follow of these weaknesses in existing literature in Englishwe felt that the need existed to prgduce a medium sizedbook on Salat which would approach the subject accordingio the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). TheProphet, himself, said,"Pray as you have seen me praying."Such a book contain all the essential details ofSalat without being too bulky or complicated so that thereader can use it as a point oJ reference on a journey or t was also felt that a comprehensive book on Salat inEnglish would be useful for converts to lslam and forMuslim youth brought up in this country. Keeping (SAW).Unfortunately~. ,whichdoexist, ,literatureconcerningSalatavailableinEng lishiseithersobriefthatitdoesnotcoveress entialpointsinnearlyenoughdetail,oritiss obulkyanddetailedthatitbecomesdifficultt ouseitforquickreference,andes~ ,thetextoftheSalatlacksthequalityofdirec tresearchfromthesunnahoftheProphetMuhamm ad(SAW).

3 , mediumsizedbookonSalatwhichwouldapproach thesubjectaccordingtotheteachingsofthePr ophetMuhammad(SAW).TheProphet,himself,sa id,"Prayasyouhaveseenmepraying."Suchaboo kneedstocontainalltheessentialdetailsofS alatwithoutbeing'toobulkyorcomplicatedso thatthereadercanuseitasapoint01reference ona ~ltthata the needs of our brothers and sisters every effort hasbeen made to produce this book in simple and our research we sometimes found that differencesoccurred between established practices in various prayerbooks. In these circumstances we referred to authentichadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), so that thepoints could be clarified as much as possible. This was,because, for a true muslim there is no greater proof forsettling arguments than authentic hadiths and practicesof Prophet Muhammad (SAW).We hope that Allah will accept this humble attempt be-cause without his support and help we would never havebeen abfe to do this we ask all our muslim brothers and sisters to studythe text and to strive to pray according to it.

4 Lf anyonefinds anything unacceptable or to be against the sunnahof the Prophet (SAW) we would be grateful if they worrldinform Abdul Karim (SAW), ,because,fora trueMuslimthereisnogreaterproofforsettli ngargumentsthanauthentichadithsandpracti cesofProphetMuhammad(SAW). (SAW)wewouldbegratefuliftheywo!! OneBefore doing Wudu (Ablution)Tooth Stick (Siwak)Niyat for Wuflu (Ablution)Actions of wudu (Ablution)Special facilities in 'i[ at the end of AblutionTayammumChapter TwoTime of $alat ( PRAYER )Forbidden Times for PraYerPlace for $alat ( PRAYER )Dress for $alat ( PRAYER )Types of $alat ( PRAYER )Far{ or ObligatoryPraPrNafl PrayerSunnat Mu'akkadah (conPulsory)Nafl (extra) PraYerNumber of RakatsChapter ThreeStory of AianThe Muai2inText of the AianAian for FajrListening to the AianDanidafter the A2anDu'ii after the AianlqamatText of I ,.. I I I 6,.. I I ,. l9,..205t0l4r62022222323242425252626 CONTENTSF orewordNotesChapterOneBeforedoingWuqu(Ab lution)ToothStick(Siwak)NiyatforWuc;lu(A blution)Actionsofwudu(Ablution) 'aattheendofAblutionTayammumChapterTwoTi meof~alat( PRAYER )ForbiddenTimesforPlayer Placefor~alat( PRAYER )Dressfor~alat(Praye r)Typesof$alat( PRAYER )FarQorObligatoryPr a}erNaflPrayerSunnatMu'akkadah(canpulsor y)Nafl(extra)PrayerNumberofRakatsChapter ThreeStoryofAzanTheMuazzinTextoftheAianA zanforFajrListeningtotheAZanDariidaftert heAzanDu".]

5 Four'SutraQiblahIntention (NiYat)Takbir TahrimahFolding of handsRecitation before FatihahTa'awwuzfasmiahSurah FatihahRuku (&owing)Du'as in RukuDu'is in QawmahFirst SajdahDu'[s in SajdahSecond RakatTashahudFnding the PrayerDu'6s after SalutationChapter FiveWitr I:" :::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::.13 Recitation of Surah Fatihah Bdrind an Imam .. after Surah Fatihah .. (standing after Rukfr) ..36 Jalsah (sitting between two Sajddrs) ..39 Second +-Istarahat (sitting for rest) ..40 Standing up for third Rakat ..41$alat Alan-Nabi (Darfid) ..42Du'5s after $alat Alan-nabi (Darfrd) ..42 Number of Rakat of Witr PraYerTime of Witr PrayerHow to Pray WitrDu'i Qunfit in witr PRAYER ..50 Text of Du'E QuniltJumah (Friday PRAYER ) ..5 1 Importance of Friday PRAYER .. of Cleanliness for lriday PRAYER ..51 Going early to Friday PRAYER .. before JumaltChapterFour28'Sutra28 Qiblah28 Intention(Niyat) 'awwuz30' (J,owing)34Du'asinRuku35 Qawman(standingafterRukii)36Du' 'asinSajdah38 Jalsah(sittingbetweentwoSajdcbs).]

6 39 SecondSajdah40 Jalsah-e-Istarahat(sittingforrest) ~alatAlan-Nabi(Dariid) 'asafter~a1atAlan-nabi(Dari"xl).42 EndingthePrayer45Du' 'iQuniitinwitrPrayer50 TextofDu'iQunilt50 Jumah(FridayPrayer) 51 ImportanceofFridayPrayer51 ImportanceofCleanlinessforIridayPrayer51 GoingearlytoFridayPrayer52 PrayerbeforeJumah528 Listening to Khutbah (SermonPrayer after JumahEid PrayerJunazuh llrayerConduct, 'f Janazah PrayerFint l-akbirDu'Es of startingSurah FatihahRecitation of a SurahSecond TakbirThird TakbirDu'frs of JanazahEnding the Janazah PrayerFourth TakbirPrayer During a JourneyWhen to shorten and combine of journeyNafl PRAYER on a oa oooo oo (Sennon53 PrayerafterJumah54 EidPrayer54 Janazahl)rayer56 ConductIIfJanazahPrayer57 FirstTakbir57Du'asofstarting57 SurahFatihah58 Recitationofa Surah58 SecondTakbir58 ThirdTakbir59Du'asofJanazah59 EndingtheJanazahPrayer61 FourthTakbir61 PrayerDuringaJourney61 WhentoshortenandcombinePrayers62D-uratio nofjourney63 NatlPrayeronajourney63 9thtes about the TransliterationThe following system has been adopted t0 represent r:orrespondingsounds of the Arabic letter EnglishEquivalentExampletArabic)Example( English)abtrhJhkhdiI2sshI{I1,ghfgkImnwh\ of the letter IvIYdr,icccJj))tA.}

7 *.cf-bee15(l,JIotjAllah Applebismillah batTirmizi loyuthman throughJabir iugRaheem [ateKhalifah no EnglishequivalentDn, mi lbeAian reEemblefur liverzahid gerosal5m seenshuaib shopsalat sardinewudu no equivalentfahir no equivalentguhr razorJam6'at no equivalentMaghrib no equivalentFajr lanlqamat queenkitab f,eenJibreel leanMuhammad l[oonNisai noonwu{u fialletjanazah [ourno equivalentIt in the )(English)aAllah~pple~bbismillahbat~tTir mizi!oy '-oJCJJ abirjugC;hRa~ ) ~embleJrAsrriverJzzahid!eroIJ"ssalam~ '"oj'~~alat~ardine~dwu~unoequivalent,fah irnoequivalentj;?~uhrra~ore,JamIt'atnoeq uivalenteghMaghribnoequivalent~fFajr-fan ~qIqamatqueenkkitabfeenJIJibreelleanrmMu hammad!!loonUnNisainoonjwwUQuwallet~hjan azahttour ,noequivalent(inthemiddleoftheletter) 'year10 The following system has been adopted to represent some of thecomplex sounds of the Arabic macron (-) placed 0n a transcribed Arabic vowellengthening of the sound of that (Arabic)AilAhRaheemistanja0awfidawwalind icatesExample(Enslish )AppleseensitseenheboottruesewshovelbaYa geeeIioreehTu-uawawwayaYyivvr5l)I6'1llji ii$it5i13tNote: $ometimes an Arabic letter changes sound according t0 itsposition in the word; for example; whether it is at the heginning, inihe middle 0r at the end.]]]}

8 In such circumstances the Arabic letter hasheen represented by more than one English following abbrwiations have been used in this book .$, ,$tt - ul. Lllltj ALAYlll lIA $Al,- LAtI PtACr At0 $lll0 0F ALt Af{ 8t uP0t l{lt IRA0t |J Ailll|| / lillAI tAy Aruil 8t PLtA$t0 |1 llh lllt / l{tRR. (-) \. 'Iu)1ujfaw)1aww(51ayCfayy~~iyyExample(Ar abic)AllihRaheemistanjaDawudawwalExample (English)Appleseensitseenheboottruesewsh ovelbayageNote:SometimesanArabicletterch angessoundaccordingtoitspositioninthewor d;forexample;whetheritisatthebeginning, IBEFOHE DOING WIJOUlf someone needs to go to the toilet, he should use the toilet and doistanja before doing NSIWAK (TO OTH -STICK)It is a good practice to clean the teeth with a tooth-stick, or a tooth-brush before performing wudu. In this way you can avoid manydiseases which are caused by unclean mentioned in the hadith Aisha ( ) reported Allah's messen-ger as saying:- 'The use of a tooth-stick is a means of purifying themouth and is pleasing to the Lord as well "(Ahmad.}}}

9 0armi, and Nisai .lProphet Muhammad ( ) also said:- "lf I wouldn't have feltthat it is diffic,ult for my people I wouf d have ordered them to use atooth-stick with every PRAYER , that is, before doing each wudu. So,muslims should always try to fulfil this wish of our Prophet ( ).MAKTNG INTENT|0N F0R WUgU (N|YAT)Before starting the actions o wu{u it is necesary t0 make Niyat that the act of performing wuf,u is for the purpose ofpurity onfy. Niyat should be made in the heart because it is an actionof the heart and not of the by words is not approved by Prophet Muhammad ( start the wu{u by saying:- Bismillbh hir-ra[rma nir-raheem(ln the name of Allah, most graciou$, most merciful)"ACTIO]tIS FOR PER FO RMIIIIG A8 LUTIOI{.l. Wash the hands up to the wrist making sure that n0 part of thehands is left Rinse the mouth taking up water w;th the right Clean the nose: sniff water up from the right palm and then ejectwater with the left , (TOOTH--STlCK)Itisagoodpracticetocleanth eteethwitha tooth-stick,ora ( )reportedAllah'smessen-gerassaying:-''Th euseofa tooth-stickisameansofpurifyingthemouthan displeasingtotheLordaswell")( , ( :-"IfI wouldn'thavefeltthatitisdifficultformype opleIwouldhaveorderedthemtouseatooth-sti ckwitheveryprayer,thatis, "muslimsshouldalwaystrytofulfilthiswisho fourProphet( ).))}}}

10 MAKINGINTENTIONFORWUI}U(NIYAT)Beforestar tingtheactions0wu~ ~ ( ).Thenstartthewu~ubysaying:-Bismillahhir -ra~manir-raheem(InthenameofAllah,mostgr acious,mostmerciful) {ash the face, from ear to -eat, and forehead to chin making surethat no part of the face is left Then rvash the forearms (right forearm first) up to the elbou,smaking sure that no part of them is left Rub the head as follows:-Wet your fingers and then wipe the head with your fingerqnstartingfrom the forehead, taking them to the nape of the neck, thenbring them back to the Clean the ean by inserting the tips of the index fingers wetted withunter into the ears, twist them around the foids of the ears thenpass the thumb behind the ears from the bottom, *Wash the feet (right foot fint) up to the ankles making surethat no parb of the feet are left dry, especially betrueen the toes.*SPECIAL FACILITIES Iil ABLUTIOT{Eubbing the socks with wet hands instead of washing the feet ;allowed, provided that the socks have been put 0n after perfonr' ,rgan ablution, including washing the feet.}