Accumulators and Receivers - Parker Hannifin Corporation

1 Aerospace climate control electromechanical filtration fluid & gas handling hydraulics pneumatics process control sealing & shielding Accumulators and Receivers Catalog C-1, May 2016. Page 2 / Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers Table of Contents Accumulators and Receivers Typical Piping Diagram .. 3. Steel Suction Line Accumulators .. 4. Copper Vertical, Horizontal, and Stand-Pipe Accumulators - OEM only .. 11. Steel Receivers .. 13. Terms of Sale with Warranty Limitations .. 16. WARNING USER RESPONSIBILITY. Failure or improper selection or improper use of the products described herein or related items can cause death, personal injury and property damage. This document and other information from Parker Hannifin Corporation , its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provide product or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise. The user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the system and components and assuring that all performance, endurance, maintenance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met.

2 The user must analyze all aspects of the application, follow applicable industry standards, and follow the information concerning the product in the current product catalog and in any other materials provided from Parker or its subsidiaries or authorized distributors. To the extent that Parker or its subsidiaries or authorized distributors provide component or system options based upon data or specifications provided by the user, the user is responsible for determining that such data and specifications are suitable and sufficient for all applications and reasonably foreseeable uses of the components or systems. OFFER OF SALE. The items described in this document are hereby offered for sale by Parker Hannifin Corporation , its subsidiaries or its authorized distributors. This offer and its acceptance are governed by the provisions stated in the detailed Offer of Sale elsewhere in this document or available at s ETK/RTK Ga LAC. Acid Test Kit ge har Head isc Pressure *Liquid Line sD Control Solenoid B y pas Valve Valve ser R.

3 *. E. en Liquid Line S. *. N. nd E. Filter-Drier D. Co N. O. C. Liq CO u id MP. RE d SS se O en CROT R nd Co uid Crankcase Liq Pressure Regulating Receiver *. Valve *. EBV. Ball Valve Moisture &Liquid Indicator Dis *. ch arg Typical Piping Diagram eG. HGBE * as Discharge By pa u id Bypass sse d Liq *Hot Gas Valve * Thermostatic Superheated Suction Gas Solenoid R Expansion Valve TO. Valve ORA. AP & ASC Auxiliary EV id Side Connector L iquutlet ed O Refrigerant t u ratt TEV. Suction Line r Sa or a Distributor ze p ali Va on u cti Eq ne Filter-Drier *. o n r n al n i o rC. te t i ze Ex nnec a l Co qu a lE Assemblies t ern TEVs, Ex Distributors, Tube Suction Line *. Accumulator ORIT. Evaporator Pressure Regulating Valve *. This schematic is for component location Models Available only, not a typical piping recommendation. Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers / Page 3. Page 4 / Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers Steel Suction Line Accumulators Design prevents liquid from siphoning into the down, the accumulator is the coldest The function of a suction line accumula- outlet tube and compressor during an off- component in the system.

4 This results tor in a heat pump or refrigeration system cycle. The fusible alloy plug is generally in migration of liquid refrigerant to the is to catch and hold any unused portion of a requirement since it is a safety device. This type of system needs to the system charge. The device must also device to protect against excessive pres- return the refrigerant to circulation more prevent liquid slugging of the compres- sure in the event of a fire. quickly than the fixed orifice system. sor and excessive refrigerant dilution of For these systems, a inch ( mm). the compressor oil. diameter orifice allows quick return of the liquid refrigerant. The recommended The accumulator must return refrigerant sizes of the orifices can be further tested and oil to the compressor at a sufficient for optimum results. Other size orifices rate to maintain both system operating are possible to satisfy the characteristics efficiency and proper crankcase oil level. required by the system designer.

5 To make sure these tasks are accom- plished, system designers must consider New Refrigerants the following items: The introduction of alternative refrig- erants and oils requires reviewing the A properly sized and protected oil re- design of components within the sys- turn orifice is required to ensure posi- tem, including suction Accumulators . As tive oil (and refrigerant) return to the Figure 1 previously stated, the accumulator is the compressor Typical accumulator with inlet deflector baffle. coldest component in the system. The The accumulator must have sufficient in- new refrigerants and oils may or may ternal volume The pressure drop across the accumula- Selection not be fully miscible in the temperature tor should be as low as possible Accumulator selection can be fine-tuned range the accumulator normally oper- for best performance. This involves the ates. The oil and refrigerant can separate Oil return at a minimum flow rate is sizing of the accumulator and the sizing into oil rich and refrigerant rich layers controlled by the outlet U-tube size.

6 Of the orifice. The controlling factor for in the accumulator, with the refrigerant Refrigerant and oil will be returned to both types is the type of metering device rich layer at the bottom. The oil return the compressor by pressure drop across used in the system. In systems using a orifice would be located in the refriger- the orifice metering area and the liquid fixed orifice, the accumulator holding ant rich layer. head above the orifice. Other design capacity should be about 70% of the requirements include safe working pres- system charge. This provides adequate The solution to this problem is to provide sure, agency approvals and corrosion holding capacity during operation with active mixing of the layers in the accu- resistance. blocked or fouled heat exchanger coils. mulator. This is accomplished by the The resulting high discharge/low suction shape and position of the inlet deflector Figure 1 illustrates a typical accumula- pressure condition will result in more and outlet U-tube.

7 The inlet flow stream tor with an inlet defector. The shape of liquid refrigerant in the accumulator. The is directed tangentially into the liquid the deflector directs the inlet flow in a oil return orifice size should be small to layers in the bottom of the accumulator. slightly downward tangential direction. prevent excess liquid refrigerant being The resulting circulation of the liquid returned to the compressor. For these past the off center U-tube forces a mix- The inlet to the U-tube is located behind systems, a inch ( mm) diam- ing of the oil and refrigerant layers. the inlet deflector to prevent liquid carry- eter orifice is the recommended starting over and is bell-shaped to reduce the point. Field Replacement sudden contraction loss of the high- The accumulator should be changed velocity gas. The U-tube diameter is For systems with a thermostatic expan- when a compressor is replaced. The selected to minimize pressure drop at sion valve (TEV), the accumulator hold- old accumulator may contain contami- high flow rates yet provide adequate oil ing capacity should be approximately nants from the problem that caused the return at low flow rates.

8 50% of the system charge. At startup compressor failure. There may also be and after defrost the bulb of the TEV is considerable oil remaining from the first Other features include a 50 x 60 mesh warm. Until the valve regains control, compressor if a gradual loss of refrig- screen to protect the oil return orifice, the accumulator plays a role in prevent- erant caused the failure. This amount an anti-siphon hole and a fusible alloy ing liquid slugging of the compressor. coupled with the oil in the replacement plug in the accumulator. The anti-siphon The accumulator must also contend with compressor may create an oil overcharge hole located near the outlet of the U-tube off cycle refrigerant migration. At shut- condition. Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers / Page 5. Steel Suction Line Accumulators U-Tube Style Accumulators VA, PA and VPA Series The U-tube accumulator design is a result of extensive laboratory testing of various designs. It takes into account essential requirements such as safe holding volume (relative to the system's total charge), protected flow control for positive refrigerant and oil return, and minimum pressure drop across the accumulator.

9 Parker offers standard accumulator models designed for application on heat pump and refrigeration systems from 1/4 ton (.88 kW) through tons ( kW). Liquid refrigerant holding requirements of suction accumulator may vary by application. Features and Benefits Solid copper connections (except where noted in the following tables). U-tube design for maximum flow of refrigerant and minimum oil entrapment Inlet flow deflector guides refrigerant toward wall for smooth tangential flow and gradual expansion Baffled U-tube entrance is positioned behind the inlet flow deflector to prevent unwanted liquid refrigerant from entering and damaging compressor at all rated conditions Metering orifice matched to system capacity which optimizes liquid refrigerant and oil flow return back to compressor at all rated conditions Protective screen and orifice assembly on U-tube protects against contaminants affecting metering function Minimum pressure drop and Maximum refrigerant flow VA and VPA models are Listed for USA and Canada for 300 psig ( bar) maximum working pressure under SA5764-SKXY/SKXY7.

10 PA models are Listed for USA and Canada for 355 psig ( bar) maximum working pressure under SA5764-SKXY/SKXY7. Powder coating surpasses 500 hour ASTM salt spray Integral 430 F (221 C) fuse plugs on larger models Compatible with CFC, HCFC and HFC refrigerants including R-22, R-134a, R-404A, R-407C, R-410A, R-500, R-502 and R-507. Dimensions and Flow Data Refer to pages 6 through 10 for dimension values and flow data. Page 6 / Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers Dimensions VA Series PA and VPA Series E D E D . IN OUT IN OUT. B B . C C . A A . Catalog C-1, Accumulators and Receivers / Page 7. Dimensions Unit A B C C D E F Internal Holding Catalog Item Weight Diameter Overall Length Vessel Length Connection Fitting Oil Orifice Volume Capacities Number Number lbs. Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Cu. Ft. Ounces (KG) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (liters) (liters). VA304S1 470043 ( ) 3 ( ) 8-1/4 ( ) 7-1/2 ( ) 1/2 ( ) 1-5/8 ( ) ( ) ( ) 35 ( ).