Transcription of ACIDS & BASES - knockhardy.org.uk
1 LEWISACIDSLONE PAIR ACCEPTORSBASESLONE PAIR DONORSBR NSTED-LOWRYACIDSPROTON DONORSBASESPROTON ACCEPTORSACIDS & BASESAT A GLANCEKNOCKHARDY NOTESA LEVEL CHEMISTRY J. L. HOPTON 1999 STRONGC ompletely dissociate into ions HCl, H2SO4HA(aq) > H+(aq) + A (aq) WEAK Partially dissociate into ions CH3 COOHHA(aq) H+(aq) + A (aq)MONOPROTICHCl, CH3 COOH, HNO3 DIPROTICH2SO4 Water dissociatesH2O(l) H+(aq) + OH (aq)Kw = [H+(aq)] [OH (aq)] = 10-14 mol2 dm-6 (at 25 C) The value of Kw varies with temperature - it is based on an equilibriumTemperature / C 0 20 25 30 60Kw / 10 -14 mol 2 dm-6 OF ACIDTWO THEORIESSTRONGNaOH(s) > Na+(aq) + OH (aq) WEAKNH3 (aq) + H2O(l) NH4+(aq) + OH (aq)
2 TYPES OF BASE11010101010101010101010101010------- -------123456789101112131410101010101010 101010101010101--------------14131211109 8765432112034567891011121314pHneutralstr ongly acidicweaklyacidicstronglyalkalineweakly alkaline[H+][OH ]pH pH = log10 [ H+(aq) ] [ H+(aq) ] = antilog ( pH) [ ] = concentration in mol dm-3pHIONIC PRODUCT OF WATER KwKa = [H+(aq)] [A (aq)] mol dm-3 [HA(aq)]DISSOCIATIONCONSTANT FORA WEAK ACIDKa
