AES TG Section D - sepuplhs.org

1 140-to50-minutesession1 ACTIVI TY OV ERVIEWThi s rea di ng intr odu ces the fu nct io ns of the humanmaleand femalereproductivesystem s and struct uresthataccompli sh th es e fu nctions. It prov id es a contextforund ers ta ndin g the ro le of the male an d fe mal e rep rod uctiv e sys te ms an d thepr oc es se s of ferti liz at io n and CONCEPT S AN D PR OC ES S SKILLS(wi th cor rel at ion to NSE 5 8 Cont ent Standards)1. Livin g thi ngs demonst rate the complementar y natureof struc ture and function.(LifeScience:1)2. The hum an orga ni sm ha s a systemfor reproduction.(LifeScience:1)3. Repr oducti on is a cha ra ct eristi c of all li vin g sy st ems; beca us e no individualorg an is m liv es forever, rep rod uctionis esse ntial to the con tin uatio n of everyspec ie s.(LifeScience:2)4. In many speci es , incl udi ng humans,femalespro duceeg gs and malesproducesperm.

2 (LifeScience:2)KEY VOC ABU LARY amni oti c sa ceggemb ryoes tr ogenfal lopi an tube sfer til izati onfet usovari espe nissem ense xua lrepro duc ti onsp ermtes te ste st os ter oneut erusvag in avas de fe renszy got eHu man Re pr oductionREADINGMATERIAL S AND ADV ANCEPR EPARATIONFo r eac h stud en t1 Stu , S tructures and Functionsof the HumanRep ro duc ti ve Sys tem TEA CHINGSUMMARYGett in g Sta rte d1. Info rm al ly asses s students knowledgeof sex ual Pr epa re students for the Re ading,inc lu dinghow to respondto Stop ping to Thinkqu est io ns .Do in g th e Acti vi ty3. St udents rea d th e text and ans wer Stoppingto llo w-Up4. Rev ie w the rel atio nshi p betw een the structuresand fu nctionsof the male andfe ma le re pro duct iv e sys tem CKG ROU ND INF ORMATI ONFor addi ti ona l info rm ati on ab out the hu man rep rod uctivesystem,go to theIssu es andLif e Sci en cetea cher pa ge of the SE PUP web sit an Rep rod uction2 Human Rep rodu ction3 TEAC HI NG SU GGESTIONSGE TT ING STA RTED1.

3 Inf ormally assessst ud en ts knowledgeofsexu al re pr odu ction .Ask st ude nts to br ains torm in thei r smallgrou ps offour wh at th ey knowabouthumanrep er st ud ent s ha ve hada cha nce to sharetheirid eas , sta rt a class lis t on the bo ard or on chartpap er th at can be add ed to as the act ivitygoes id corr ecti ng any mi sco nce pt io ns at this po int orpr esen ting an y co ntent. The oppor tunityto do thatwill occ ur aft er the read ing .Use the introductorytex t to re vi ew the conc ept ofsexu al reproducti on. Ask ,Whatisthepurposeofreproduction?St udentsshoul d re aliz e thatallspe ci es ha ve to repro duc e in orderfo r a speciestoco nti singl e or ga ni sm lives forever so repro-duc tion ensur es the co nt inu at ion of the sp ual rep roduction is def ine d in the introducto ryparag raph.

4 You ma y wis h to di fferentiatesex ua lrep rod uc tio n fromas exual repr oductio n at thispo int . Thes e con ceptsare fu rtherdeve lo ped in UnitD: Our Genes, Our Selv es ofSci encean d Life Issu Pr ep ar e stu den ts fo r the Reading , includinghow to res po nd to Sto ppi ng to Thinkqu es tio ns .The St opp ing to Th in k que stion s int erspersed inth e read ing provi de pro mpt s fo r comprehensionofth e main idea s in the rea di ng. Th ese questionsdonot req uir e a writtenres pon se, and are differ entfrom th e Analy si s Que st io ns foun d at the end of anactivit y. Stopping to Thi nk que st io ns are intendedto fo cus stu den ts at tenti on on importantideasinthe tex t du ring read ing . For exa mple,theymayreq ui re stu den ts to identify the ma in ide a of a pre vi -ou s para gra ph or to synthesize ideaspresentedintwo or mor e pr eceding pa ra gra d readersmayhave alre ady answ eredthes e questionsinter -nal ly whi le re adi ng , whi le les s capableread ers mayneedto sto p anddi sc uss res po ns es to the ques ti on s are liste d ING TH E ACT IVI TY3.

5 Stu den ts rea d th e text and answe r Sto ppi ngto Thi nk ques y rea d indi vidua lly, in pair s or in thei rsma ll groupsof fou r ppi ng to Thi nk 1 Whatis a zyg ote an d ho w does it form?A zyg ot e is a ferti lized eg g. It form s when a ma le sexcell, a sp erm, an d a femalese x ce ll , an egg,jo intog etherduri ng ferti liz ati ppi ng to Thi nk 2a. Use the diag ram ab ove to descri be the pat h of sp ermfro m the test is to the outsi de of the malebo m are pr od uce d in the te st es , the n tr ave lthr ou gh the va s defer ens wher e they mix withotherflu ids and be co me sem en. The sem en movesintothe ur ethr a, whi ch is in the peni s, and thenit lea vesthe bod y thr oug h the peni Whatis the rel at io nshi p between spermand semen?Spermar e the male sex cel ls and semenis the liqui dtha t spermsw im in.

6 Ther e are millionsof sperminone dr op of sem Ho w do you thi nk a hi gh fever mi ght affectsp erm pro -duct ion? Expl ai orderfor spermto be pro duced,theyneedto beabou t tw o degr ees Fahr enheit coolerthanno rmalbo dy tem per atur e. If a mal e ha d a highfe ver, thespermmay become to o wa rm and the productionand sur vival of sperm might be affectedduringtha tti ppi ng to Thi nk 3a. Use the dia gr am to descri be the pathof an eg g fro mthe ovaryto the outsi de of the female bo egg mat ur es and is rel eas ed fr om an ov ary . Ittr avel s to a fal lopi an tub e and thento the uterus. Ifit is not ferti lized it pa sses thr ou gh the cer vix, intothe va gi na and ou t of the body .Hum an Rep rod uction4b. Look at the photo gr aph of a spermat the beg inningof thi s readi ng. Ho w doe s a sp erm sstructu re helpitget to the egg in th e fal lo pi an tube ?

7 Th e spermhas a tai l th at he lps pro pel it th ro ugh thefema le s re prod ucti ve syste m to the op pi ng to Th ink 4a. What is th e diffe re nce between a zygo te andanembryo?A zyg ot e is a fe rt il ized egg befo re it attachesto theut erus . On ce th e ferti liz ed eg g at taches to the wa llof the uter us, it is an emb Why is it impor tant fo r a mo ther to take goo d careofher sel f wh en sh e is preg na nt ?Eve ryth ing that she ta kes int o her bodycan cros sthe pla ce nta and affe ct th e dev s to hav e a hea lth y di et so the de veloping fetusgets al l of the nut rient s it needs. If she takesinsomethingha rmf ul , like alco ho l or drugs,it canharm the fetus .FO LL OW -UP4. Re vie w the rel at io nsh ip be twee n th estru ctu re and fu nc tio n in th e malean dfe mal e repr odu ctive syst cl ass list th at wa s generatedat thebeg inni ng of th e ac ti vit y.

8 Ask st udents if theyagreewit h the sta tem entstha t are written or if theywo ul d like to make any chan ges . Th is is an op por tu -nit y to dis cuss st atementstha t were incorrect or par -tially ri bu te Stu , StructuresandFunc tio ns of the Human Reproduct ive System. Ana lys is Qu est ion 1 as ks stud ents to co mp let e thistable to compar e the struc ture and fun ctionsof thema le an d fem ale rep ro duct iv e sys Qu est ion 2, stu dentscan us e the tablethey com -plet ed to compare the mal e and femalereproduc -tive sy st ems . Questi on s 3, 4, and 5 ask stu dentstorevi ew wha t happ ens du ring fert il izationand preg -nan cy . Qu estion6 as ks st udentsto synthesizewhatth ey havelearned ab out the pl acent a duringpreg -nan cy and mak e a re commendat io n to a pregnantwo ma n aboutta kin g ca re of her GGESTE D AN SW ERS TO QUESTI ONS1.

9 Co mpl ete St uden t Sh ee t 57a. 1, St ructuresand Fun c-tion s of the Human Repro du ct ive Syst em, by lis tingthe organ or stru ct ure that mat ches eachfunction orstru In whatwa ys are the female an d malerepr odu ctivesystemssi mi lar ? In whatwaysare they different?Si milari ti es : Bo th repr oductive sys tem s ha ve a pair of struc -tur es tha t producethe sex hormonesand thesex cel ls (ova rie s for fe males an d test es fo rmales ). Th e horm one s prod uced by these str uctu re sare res pons ibl e fo r the sex cha racteristicssuc has a deepvoice(in mal es ) or wi der hips(infem ales ). Theyboth ha ve tub es tha t the sex cellstravelthr ou gh after theyare pr odu ced or ripen(fa l-lop ia n tub es for fem ales and va s deferensformales ).Differences: Ferti lized eggs ca n onl y grow ins ide the femaleso all of the stru ctur es nec ess ary to su pportadev el opi ng fe tu s, suc h as a ute ru s and pla -centa , are only fou nd in fem ales.

10 Mos t of a ma le s rep roductive sys tem is outs idehi s body whi le mos t of the female s rep ro duc -tive sys tem is ins ide her body . A male producessex cel ls fr om pub erty unt ilthe end of hi s life, whi le a fem al e is born wi thall of the sex cel ls she will ev er ha Describe the stag es an eg g goes thro ugh fro m fertil -izat ion to the birt h of a egg tha t ha s bee n re le ased fr om an ovar ytra vels th rou gh a fa llop ia n tu be. If th er e aresp erm in the fa llop ian tu be , the y wi ll like lybecome ferti lized and thenit is a zygo te. Onc ethe zyg ote em bed s its el f in the uterinewa ll, it iscal led an em bry o. At the ni nt h we ek of pr eg -na ncy , it is cal led a fe tu s. At abou t th e ni nt hmonthof de vel opm ent, the fetusis born,beco m-ing a baby .Human Rep rodu ction54. De sc ribe the functio n of ea ch of the followingstruc-turesin th e de velo pment of a fet Amniot ic sacThe am niot ic sac is filled with liquid,to pro -tec t the embryoand lat er the fetu Pl acent aThe pla ce nta is the area betw een the umbili-cal cord and the uterus wherethe ex changeof nu tri ent s and wa stes betwe en the develop-in g fet us and the mother ta kes pl ace.