ALUMINIUM SULPHATE - ::krishna::

1 1 ALUMINIUM SULPHATE CONTENTS SECTION I PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS SECTION II PRODUCT APPLICATIONS SECTION III INDIAN MANUFACTURERS SECTION IV IMPORT/EXPORT TRENDS SECTION V PRICE TRENDS SECTION VI INDIAN DEMAND SECTION VII BROAD OUTLINE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS SECTION VIII RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS AND AVAILABILITY SECTION IX GLOBAL SCENARIO SECTION X DISCUSSIONS ON ECONOMIC CAPACITY, PROJECT COST AND PROFITABILITY PROJECTIONS SECTION XI SWOT ANALYSIS SECTION XII FACTORS INFLUENCING THE POSITION FOR A NEW INDUSTRY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2 SECTION I PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATION details Form Hydrated form, Al2 (SO4)3.

2 18H2O is commonly known as Alum. Ferric Alum is known as Ferric ALUMINIUM SULPHATE . It is the Alum with Iron content. Chemical formula Theoretically, Alum is Al2 (SO4) 3 18 H2O but usual commercial form is closer to Al2 (SO4)3 14 H2O. Appearance White crystalline solid, with a sweet taste Categories and Grades There are two broad categories of Alum as follows: Ferric Alum which is generally made from Bauxite and Iron free Alum (non Ferric Alum), generally made from Alumina. Commercially, hydrated ALUMINIUM SULPHATE is called Alum and is sold under such names as Filler Alum Commercial Alum, Paper Maker s Alum etc.

3 Technical grade ALUMINIUM SULPHATE is provided in two forms: a partially dehydrated solid and an aqueous solution of this material containing about 27% Al2(SO4) The reagent grade Al2(SO4) is slightly, odourless, colourless monoclinic crystals, having a specific gravity of The solid material, `Dry Alum is partially crystalline and may be discoloured to a brownish-green owing to impurities (chiefly iron) in the ores from which it is made. The solution form, `liquid Alum may exhibit a similar discolouration. Specification of Alum 3 Al2O3 Insoluble form Form Non ferric alum powder 17% Nil powder Ferric alum(second quality more in soluble) 15-16% Slab Ferric alum slab 7% Nil Solution of 2 pH ALUMINIUM SULPHATE granulated (ALG) General Details ALG is Iron free and is delivered in a granulated form for easy and safe handling.

4 It is produced by International organisations such as Kemira of Finland. The granules are free flowing and easy to feed with a screw feeder with a minimum of dust. The granules dissolves easily if handled in the right way. There is no risk of clogging. The granules have a high density. This is an advantage in terms of both freight cost and storage space. Specifications of ALUMINIUM SULPHATE Granulated Al2O3 total Din 19600 Total Fe as Fe2O3 Crystal water 435 Al2O3 free Insoluble matter in water 4 SECTION II PRODUCT APPLICATIONS Application sector Nature of application Water Treatment The major area of use for Alum is in water treatment and clarification.

5 Its clarifying action is attributed to ALUMINIUM hydroxide formation by hydrolysis. This, in turn, carries down all the colloidal impurities and forms a slimy layer at the bottom. Sizing of Paper The other major areas of use is in sizing of paper. It reacts with sodium resinate to give insoluble ALUMINIUM resinate. For sizing of paper, Alum should be free from Ferric ions or else the paper will be discoloured. Ferrous ions do not harm since they form a soluble colourless resinate which, however, would represent a loss of resinate . Alum imparts certain degree of resistance to penetration by liquids during sizing of paper.

6 Miscellaneous Applications Alum is also required in various other industries like Dyes, Food, Petroleums, Pharmaceuticals, fire-proofing, tanning etc. 5 SECTION III INDIAN MANUFACTURERS There are number of Alum manufacturers in the country in the small scale sector. The manufacturers include the following. * Sree Drona Chalam Chemicals (P) Ltd., 40-329-A7,II Floor, Gandhinagar, Kurnool-518001 * The Coastal Chemicals Ltd., Door , 37-A, Kirlampudi Layout, Visakhapatnam - 530 017. ( ) Factory : Mindi (Via) Gajuwaka, Visakhapatnam - 530 042. * Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

7 (A Govt. of India Enterprise) Panihati Road, 24-Pgs(N)-743 176 Factories : 1. 168,Maniktala Main Road, Calcutta-700 054 * Ambica Chemical Industries Plot No. 7414, GIDC, Ankleshwar, Bharuch-393 002 * Kalpana Chemicals E/186, First Floor, Tower, O/s. Delhi Gate Ahmedabad-380 004 * National Industries Plot No. 155/C/A-3, GIDC., Ankleshwar, Dist. Bharuch-393 002 * Shivam Alums & Chemicals PlotNo. 7603, B/H, Karmatur Chokdi, GIDC., Ankleshwar-393 002, Dist. Bharuch * Mercers Chemical Industries MAG-Pharma Industries 231, Samuel Street, Masjid Bunder (W), Mumbai-400 003. 6 * Tinco Chemicals Patel Society,Vallabh Baug Lane, Opp.

8 Indian Overseas Bank, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai - 400 077. * Vivira Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., 205, Princess Street, Mumbai-400 002 * Guljag Industries Ltd. Nahata Bhavan Chopasni Road Jodhpur-342 003 * Ayes Dyes & Chemicals, ,1st Cross,Off. Vanagaram Road, Opposite to Inds, Ayanambakkam, Madras-602 102. * Kumar Chemical Corporation A-4/4, SIPCOT Indl. Complex, Cuddalore-5 * Metroblue Industries , 1, Quarry Road, Evergreen Nagar, Thirupparam Kundram, Madurai-625 005 * Pondicherry Chemicals B-188, PIPDIC Industrial Estate Mettupalayam-605 009 * Quality Fluorides (P) Ltd. 108/1, Sedarapet Via, Auroville, Pondicherry-605 111 * Bansal Chemical Industries 8-D, Singar Nagar-226 005 Indian Installed capacity Around 2,50.

9 000 tonnes per annum 7 SECTION IV IMPORT/EXPORT DETAILS Imports Present import level Around 40 tonnes per annum Countrywise Imports Period April 2001 to March 2002 Country Quantity in Kgs Janpan 13200 Singapore 3888 UK 20000 USA 150 Exports Present Export level 8500 tonnes per annum Countrywise Exports Period April 2001 to March 2002 Country Quantity in Kgs Bangladesh 2000 Chinese Taipei 50000 Colombia 200000 France 326000 Kenya 1314500 Malagasy RP 135000 Malaysia 450 Mauritious 118000 Nepal 395510 New Zealand 84000 Oman 43000 Philippines 4000 Slovenia 26000 South Africa 52650 Spain 22000 Sri Lanka 2938226 Sudan 315000 Tanzania REP 1466000 8 Uganda 43000 U Arab Emts 727100 USA 146000 Zimbabwe 64000 Sample of individual exports details of ALUMINIUM SULPHATE Period 2002 Name of the Exporters Quantity in tonnes Value in Rs.

10 Country Date Port Vivira Chemicals , 25 147469 Dubai to Mumbai MK Aromatics Ltd., 150 656078 Victoria to Chennai Adheshwara Exports 150 480675 Colombo to Chennai 9 SECTION V PRICE TRENDS Period: November, 2002 Basic price per tonne Taxes and duties Extra at actuals 10 SECTION VI INDIAN DEMAND The assessment of demand for Alum is made for the following sector Ferric alum is an important chemical used in the paper industry and in water treatment. Paper industry The most important use of Alum is in the paper industry for sizing of papers. The paper industry uses ALUMINIUM SULPHATE for the clarification of process water, pH control of pulp slurries, setting of dyes and precipitating colloidal clay and dissolved resin into the size on the fibres of the paper (setting of size).