AMERICA PAST AND PRESENT - Weebly

1 INSTRUCTOR S MANUAL AMERICA : past AND PRESENT TENTH EDITION Robert A. Divine University of Texas Breen Northwestern University George M. Frederickson Late of Stanford University R. Hal Williams Southern Methodist University Ariela J. Gross University of Southern California Brands University of Texas Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Copyright 2013, 2011, 2007, 2006, 2002, 1999, 1995 Pearson Education, Inc.

2 , publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of AMERICA . This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc.

3 , Permissions Department, One Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-205-90633-8 ISBN 13: 978-0-205-90633-8 Contents Chapter 1 New World Encounters 1 Chapter 2 New World Experiments: England's Seventeenth-Century Colonies 15 Chapter 3 Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society 29 Chapter 4 Experience of Empire: Eighteenth-Century AMERICA 43 Chapter 5 The American Revolution: From Elite Protest to Popular Revolt, 1763-1783 58 Chapter 6 The Republican Experiment 73 Chapter 7 Democracy in Distress: The Violence of Party Politics, 1788-1800 87 Chapter 8 Republican Ascendancy.

4 The Jeffersonian Vision 102 Chapter 9 Nation Building and Nationalism 115 Chapter 10 The Triumph of White Men's Democracy 127 Chapter 11 Slaves and Masters 140 Chapter 12 The Pursuit of Perfection 152 Chapter 13 An Age of Expansionism 166 Chapter 14 The Sectional Crisis 179 Chapter 15 Secession and the Civil War 193 Chapter 16 The Agony of Reconstruction 206 Chapter 17 The West: Exploiting an Empire 219 Chapter 18 The Industrial Society 233 Chapter 19 Toward an Urban Society, 1877-1900 246 Chapter 20 Political Realignments in the 1890s 259 Chapter 21 Toward Empire 273 Chapter 22 The Progressive Era 285 Chapter 23 From Roosevelt to Wilson in the Age of Progressivism 297 Chapter 24 The Nation at War 311 Chapter 25 Transition to Modern AMERICA 325 Chapter 26 Franklin D.

5 Roosevelt and the New Deal 339 Chapter 27 AMERICA and the World, 1921-1945 353 Chapter 28 The Onset of the Cold War 368 Chapter 29 Affluence and Anxiety 383 Chapter 30 The Turbulent Sixties 395 Chapter 31 The Rise of a New Conservatism, 1969-1988 412 Chapter 32 To the Twenty-first Century, 1989-2011 429 iiiCHAPTER 1 NEW WORLD ENCOUNTERS CHAPTER OUTLINE CLASH OF CULTURES: INTERPRETING MURDER IN EARLY MARYLAND NATIVE AMERICAN HISTORIES BEFORE THE CONQUEST The Environmental Challenge: Food, Climate, and Culture Mysterious Disappearances Aztec Dominance Eastern Woodland Cultures A WORLD TRANSFORMED Cultural Negotiations Threats to Survival: Trade and Disease WEST AFRICA: ANCIENT AND COMPLEX SOCIETIES EUROPE ON THE EVE OF CONQUEST Building New Nation-States IMAGINING A NEW WORLD Myths and Reality The Conquistadores.

6 Faith and Greed From Plunder to Settlement THE FRENCH CLAIM CANADA THE ENGLISH ENTER THE COMPETITION Birth of English Protestantism Militant Protestantism Woman in Power Religion, War, and Nationalism AN UNPROMISING BEGINNING: MYSTERY AT ROANOKE 1 Copyright 2013 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. CONCLUSION: CAMPAIGN TO SELL AMERICA FEATURE ESSAY: THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE AND THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT OPENING THEME THE OTHER Your students will understand Chapter 1 more fully if they at least dip their toes into the murky waters of modern literary theory.

7 It is argued that we make sense of important experiences by constructing stories that give them coherence and meaning. As the author points out, the unexpected meeting of Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans in the Western Hemisphere after 1492 was interpreted differently by each of the parties involved. The Europeans explained it as the triumph of Christianity and progress over ignorance and idolatry. But the European interpretation was only one of the ways in which the events of 1492 were understood.

8 Native Americans and Africans constructed very different stories. Literary critics have recently turned their attention to the vast literature that accompanied the first contacts between Europeans and Native Americans in AMERICA . Two aspects of the stories told by both sides seem especially interesting. The first is the conscious construction of histories by the Spanish explorers and conquistadores to explain or justify actions that might not have been premeditated. Columbus, for example, was probably not as visionary before 1492 as he later believed himself to be.

9 In the contract he made with Queen Isabella before starting out on his famous voyage, he seems to have expected that he would most likely find islands like the Canaries and Azores rather than Asia. He might have expected to sail into the Ocean Sea, not across it. Similarly, the Spanish tale of the conquest of Mexico as a great Christian crusade probably disguises an original intention to establish peaceful trade. Ironically, the conquest narratives might make the Spanish seem more bloodthirsty in intention than they really were.

10 The second interesting aspect of contact literature is how the Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans reacted to the Other. The concept of the Other derives mainly from structuralist theory, which argues that we shape the world through language by use of such polar opposites as high and low, sacred and profane, raw and cooked, and male and female. One of the most potent of these pairs is self and other. This theory argues that we construct a sense of self by differentiating ourselves from others, and that we construct a sense of otherness by differentiating others from ourselves.