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An Introduction to Relational Database Theory

Download free ebooks at Hugh Darwen An Introduction to Relational Database TheoryDownload free ebooks at An Introduction to Relational Database Theory 2010 Hugh Darwen & Ventus Publishing ApS ISBN 978-87-7681-500-4 This book is dedicated to the researchers at IBM United Kingdom s Scientific Research Centre, Peterlee, UK, in the 1970s, who designed and implemented the Relational Database language, ISBL, that has been my guide ever since. Download free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 4 Contents Preface 101. Introduction Introduction What Is a Database ? Organized Collection of Symbols To Be Interpreted as a True Account Collection of Variables What Is a Relational Database ? Relation Not Equal to Table Anatomy of a Relation What Is a DBMS?

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1 Download free ebooks at Hugh Darwen An Introduction to Relational Database TheoryDownload free ebooks at An Introduction to Relational Database Theory 2010 Hugh Darwen & Ventus Publishing ApS ISBN 978-87-7681-500-4 This book is dedicated to the researchers at IBM United Kingdom s Scientific Research Centre, Peterlee, UK, in the 1970s, who designed and implemented the Relational Database language, ISBL, that has been my guide ever since. Download free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 4 Contents Preface 101. Introduction Introduction What Is a Database ? Organized Collection of Symbols To Be Interpreted as a True Account Collection of Variables What Is a Relational Database ? Relation Not Equal to Table Anatomy of a Relation What Is a DBMS?

2 What Is a Database Language? What Does a DBMS Do? Creating and Destroying Variables Taking Note of Integrity Rules Taking Note of Authorisations 27 ContentsStand out from the crowdDesigned for graduates with less than one year of full-time postgraduate work experience, London Business School s Masters in Management will expand your thinking and provide you with the foundations for a successful career in programme is developed in consultation with recruiters to provide you with the key skills that top employers demand. Through 11 months of full-time study, you will gain the business knowledge and capabilities to increase your career choices and stand out from the are now open for entry in September more information visit email or call +44 (0)20 7000 7573 Masters in ManagementLondon Business SchoolRegent s ParkLondon NW1 4 SAUnited KingdomTel +44 (0)20 7000 7573 Email your careerPlease click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 5 Updating Variables Providing Results of Queries 30 EXERCISE 322.

3 Values, Types, Variables, Operators Introduction Anatomy of A Command Important Distinctions A Closer Look at a Read-Only Operator (+) Read-only Operators in Tutorial D What Is a Type? What Is a Type Used For? The Type of a Relation Relation Literals Types and Representations What Is a Variable? Updating a Variable Conclusion 52 EXERCISES 54 Getting Started with Rel 55 UBS 2010. All rights for a career where your ideas could really make a difference? UBS s Graduate Programme and internships are a chance for you to experience for yourself what it s like to be part of a global team that rewards your input and believes in succeeding you are in your academic career, make your future a part of ours by visiting You re full of energyand ideas. And that s just what we are looking click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 6 Contents3.

4 Predicates and Propositions Introduction What Is a Predicate? Substitution and Instantiation How a Relation Represents an Extension Deriving Predicates from Predicates 75 EXERCISES 844. Relational Algebra The Foundation Introduction Relations and Predicates Relational Operators and Logical Operators JOIN and AND RENAME Projection and Existential Quantification Restriction and AND Extension and AND UNION and OR Semidifference and NOT 111 Please click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 7 Concluding Remarks 114 EXERCISES 115 Working with a Database in Rel 1175. Building on The Foundation Introduction Semijoin and Composition Aggregate Operators Relations within a Relation Using Aggregate Operators with Nested Relations SUMMARIZE GROUP and UNGROUP WRAP and UNWRAP Relation Comparison Other Operators on Relations and Tuples 146 EXERCISES 1486.

5 Constraints and Updating Introduction A Closer Look at Constraints and Consistency 151your chance to change the worldHere at Ericsson we have a deep rooted belief that the innovations we make on a daily basis can have a profound effect on making the world a better place for people, business and society. Join Germany we are especially looking for graduates as Integration Engineers for Radio Access and IP Networks IMS and IPTVWe are looking forward to getting your application!To apply and for all current job openings please visit our web page: click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 8 Expressing Constraint Conditions Useful Shorthands for Expressing Constraints Updating Relvars 165 EXERCISES 1727. Database Design I: Projection-Join Normalization Introduction Avoiding Redundancy Join Dependencies Fifth Normal Form Functional Dependencies Keys The Role of FDs and Keys in Optimization Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) JDs Not Arising from FDs 203 EXERCISES 2088.

6 Database Design II: Other Issues Group-Ungroup and Wrap-Unwrap Normalization 211what s missing in this equation?maeRsK inteRnationaL teChnoLogY & sCienCe PRogRammeYou could be one of our future talentsAre you about to graduate as an engineer or geoscientist? Or have you already graduated?If so, there may be an exciting future for you with Moller - Maersk. click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 9 Restriction-Union Normalization Surrogate Keys Representing Entity Subtypes 221 Appendix A: Tutorial D Version 2 224 Appendix B: References and Bibliography 228 Notes 230By 2020, wind could provide one-tenth of our planet s electricity needs. Already today, SKF s innovative know-how is crucial to running a large proportion of the world s wind turbines.

7 Up to 25 % of the generating costs relate to mainte-nance. These can be reduced dramatically thanks to our systems for on-line condition monitoring and automatic lubrication. We help make it more economical to create cleaner, cheaper energy out of thin air. By sharing our experience, expertise, and creativity, industries can boost performance beyond expectations. Therefore we need the best employees who can meet this challenge!The Power of Knowledge EngineeringBrain powerPlug into The Power of Knowledge Engineering. Visit us at click the advertDownload free ebooks at Introduction to Relational Database Theory 10 PrefacePrefaceThis book introduces you to the Theory of Relational databases, focusing on the application of that Theory to the design of computer languages that properly embrace it.

8 The book is intended for those studying Relational databases as part of a degree course in Information Technology (IT). Relational Database Theory , originally proposed by Edgar F. Codd in 1969, is a topic in Computer Science. Codd s seminal paper (1970) was entitled A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks (reference [5] in Appendix B). An introductory course on Relational databases offered by a university s Computer Science (or similarly named) department is typically broadly divided into a Theory component and what we might call an industrial component. The industrial component typically teaches the language, SQL (Structured Query Languagei), that is widely used in the industry for Database purposes, and it might also teach other topics of current significance in the industry.

9 Although this book is only about the Theory , I hope it will be interesting and helpful to you even if your course s main thrust is industrial. The book is directly based on a course of nine lectures delivered annually to undergraduates at the University of Warwick, England, as part of a 14-lecture module entitled Fundamentals of Relational Databases. The remaining five lectures of that module are on SQL. We encourage our students to compare and contrast SQL with what they have learned in the Theory part. We explain that study of the Theory , and an example of a computer language based on that Theory , should: enable them to understand the technology that is based on it, and how to use that technology (even if it is only loosely based on the Theory , as is the case with SQL systems); provide a basis for evaluating and criticizing the current state of the art; illustrate of some of the generally accepted principles of good computer language design; equip those who might be motivated in their future careers to bring about change for the better in the Database industry.

10 Examples and exercises in this book all use a language, Tutorial D, invented by the author and Date for the express purpose of teaching the subject matter at hand. Implementations of Tutorial D, which is described in reference [11], are available as free software on the Web. The one we use at the University of Warwick is called Rel, made by Dave Voorhis of the University of Derby. Rel is freely available at This book is accompanied by Exercises in Relational Database Theory , in which the exercises given at the end of each chapter (except the last) are copied and a few further exercises have been added. Sample solutions to all the exercises are provided and the reader is strongly recommended to study these solutions (preferably after attempting the exercises!). The book consists of eight chapters and two appendixes, as follows.


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