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1 Answer KeyFood Web, Food Chain, Energy Pyramid, Niche, Carrying Capacity Review Questions for Ecology Test #2A)Both species evolved through the process of ecological )Each species occupies a different )The two species can )Species A is a scavenger and species B is a scientist studied iguanas inhabiting a chain of small ocean islands. He discovered two species that live in differenthabitats and display different behaviors. His observations are listed in the table statement best describes these two species of iguanas?A)each occupies a different nicheB)they interbreedC)they use different methods of reproductionD)birds compete for closely related species of birds live in the same tree. Species A feeds on ants and termites, while species B feeds oncaterpillars. The two species coexist successfully becauseA)have different food requirementsB)compete for the same environmental resourcesC)coexist successfully in the same habitatD)interbreed and produce hybrid different species with the same ecological niche are placedin the same habitat.

2 These two species will most likelyA)climax faunaB)nicheC)biological controlD) plants that grow in the same location and require the sameresources would most likely compete for the sameA)solar energy from the grassB)heat energy lost to the environmentC)chemical energy from the hawkD)chemical energy from the food chain is represented rabbit hawkStructures within the rabbit are formed usingA)biotic factorsB)abiotic factorsC)inorganic compoundsD)finite group would most likely be represented in a food chain?A)autotrophsB)hostsC)herbivoresD) final consumers in many food webs areA)As the birds feed higher in the tree, available )More abiotic resources are available for each )Predators are less likely to feed on birds in a variety )There is less competition for ecological niches of three bird species are shown in thediagram is the advantage of each bird species having a differentniche?A)The Sun provides the needed )Energy is transferred from plants to )There are more consumers than )There are interactions between biotic and abiotic statement represents a characteristic of an ecosystem thatis not likely to sustain itself?

3 A)oxygenB)waterC)energyD) component of a stable ecosystem can not be recycled?Review for Ecology Test # your Answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents an ameba engulfing bacteria, and onyour knowledge of )decomposerB)producerC)consumerD)pathoge nThis ameba would most likely be classified as aA)1B)2C)3D) row in the chart below best describes decomposers?A)a decomposer that most likely feeds on nectar (a sugaryliquid) from flowersB)a heterotroph that may eat insects and is more closelyrelated to a robin than to an earthwormC)a scavenger that feeds on animals and reproduces asexuallyD)an autotroph that probes tree bark for insects and diagram below represents a woodpecker bird may best be described asA)snake eating a birdB)tree absorbing mineralsC)fungus breaking down wastesD)deer eating relationship between a consumer and producer is bestillustrated by aA)toads and snakesB)deer and miceC)wolves and raccoonsD)grasshoppers and diagram below represents a food of the herbivores represented in this food web areA)an increase in the number of carnivore speciesB)a decrease in new predators migrating into the ecosystemC)a decrease in the size of decomposersD)an increase in the number of removal of nearly all the predators from an ecosystemwould most likely result in?

4 Review for Ecology Test #2A)1B)2C)3D) diagram below represents a food chain made up of organisms found in a row in the chart correctly identifies characteristics that can be associated with the members of this food chain?A)4 consumers and no producersB)1 predator, 1 parasite, and 2 producersC)2 carnivores and 2 herbivoresD)2 predators, 1 herbivore, and 1 food chain containsGrass Cricket Frog OwlA)The bird population )The insect population )The bird population began to seek a new food )The insect population began to seek a new food brown tree snakes were accidentally introduced onto theisland of Guam, they had no natural predators. These snakessought out and ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. Whatprobably occurred following the introduction of the brown treesnakes?A)AB)BC)CD) diagram below represents a food web composed ofproducers, consumers, and group would represent the decomposer organisms?A)an increase in the number of deerB)a decrease in the amount of grassesC)an increase in the number of snakesD)a decrease in the amount of diagram below represents interactions that occur betweensome organisms in an factor would most likely cause an increase in the numberof frogs?

5 A)a food chainB)an energy pyramidC)a food webD)an ecological succession greatest number of relationships between the organisms inan ecosystem is best shown inReview for Ecology Test #2A)sedgesB)algaeC)antsD) population would be most immediately affected by the removal of the lizard population? your Answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagramrepresents part of a food )tadpoles algae daphnia back swimmersB) sedges ants frogs kookaburrasC)algae daphnia decayed material bacteriaD)dragonflies sedges ants centipedesWhich sequence of organisms represents a food chain within this food web?A)Larger organisms eat the shellfish and more chemicals will build up in their )The shellfish will prevent other organisms from obtaining )Smaller organisms will be unaffected by the )Larger organisms will be less affected by the oil, because they can eat other the spring of 2010, there was a catastrophic explosion on an ocean oil drilling rig, causing millions of gallons of oil tobe released into the Gulf of Mexico.

6 Many organisms died due to the thick sludge in their habitat. However, in someorganisms, such as shellfish, the oil stuck to tissues inside their shells. Which statement expresses a major concern ofenvironmentalists about the accumulation of the oil in certain organisms in the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem?A)producers are not as important as consumers in a food webB)more consumers than producers are needed to support thefood webC)organisms in this food web are interdependentD)populations tend to stay constant in a food season, there was a shortage of producers in a food web. Asa result, the number of deer and wolves decreased. What is thereason that both the deer and wolf populations declined?A)sunlight plant wolf rabbitB)plant sunlight rabbit wolfC)sunlight plant rabbit wolfD)wolf rabbit plant sequence that best illustrates the flow of energy through anecosystem isReview for Ecology Test #2A)grass and treesB)mouse, rabbit, and cricketC)deer and mountain lionD)frog, snake, and organisms are carnivores?

7 A)ecosystems are shaped by nonliving factorsB)autotrophs convert solar energy into foodC)grasshoppers are producers that are essential for ecosystemstabilityD)populations are linked with many others in the diagram below represents relationships in a a pathogen reduced the population of grasshoppers, thenumber of mice increased, while the numbers of toads andrabbits changes in the community demonstrate thatA)There would be more snakes than pocket )There would be more coyotes than )There would be more insects than insect eating )There would be more hawks than seed eating diagram below represents a food statement regarding organisms in this food web iscorrect?A)Sun green plants herbivores carnivoresB)Sun herbivores producers consumersC)green plants carnivores consumers herbivoresD)consumers carnivores herbivores sequence best represents the flow of energy through anecosystem?Base your answers to questions 32 and 33 on the food web below and on your knowledge of )mouseB)hawkC)snakeD) decrease in the grass population will most immediately decrease the available energy for theA)The biodiversity of these areas would not be )Certain producer organisms would become more abundantin these )Other manatees would move into these areas and restorethe )Predators in these areas would occupy higher levels on theenergy manatee is a water-dwelling herbivore on the list ofendangered species.

8 If manatees were to become extinct, whatwould be the most likely result in the areas where they hadlived?A)respirationB)photosynthesisC) decompositionD) process initially provides the link between an abioticfactor and the energy needs of an entire ecosystem?Review for Ecology Test #2 Base your answers to questions 35 and 36 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents various levels of interaction betweenorganisms in a prairie )They convert light energy into chemical )They carry out a food-making process, using inorganic raw )They break down dead organisms, releasing raw materials to the )They act as catalysts to speed up the energy flow between statement best describes a function of the molds, bacteria, and yeasts in this ecosystem?A)hawksB)wheatC)locustsD) the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere were to decrease, which organism in the diagram would be one of thefirst affected by this change?A)snakeB)rabbitC)wolfD) food web is represented in the diagram population in this food web would most likely be negatively affected by an increase in the mouse population?

9 A)stored in the remains of a dead animalB)lost to the environment as heatC)stored in eggs produced during sexual reproductionD)produced in muscle tissue during the growth of of the energy taken in by an organism is not available toother organisms in a food web. Energy that is not available toother organisms in a food web is energy that isA)a large decrease in the amount of sunlight availableB)a large increase in the number of carnivoresC)a small increase in the number of decomposersD)a small decrease in the amount of minerals factor would have the greatest effect on the flow ofenergy into an ecosystem?Review for Ecology Test #2A)an increase in the number of clamsB)a decrease in the number of water plantsC)an increase in the number of crabsD)a decrease in the number of food web is represented water used to cool machinery is returned to a river, it raises the river water causes a sharp decline in small invertebrate populations. Based on the food web, a likely consequence of this changewould beA)circulation and coordinationB)respiration and coordinationC)respiration and photosynthesisD)photosynthesis and two processes are responsible for keeping the percentageof atmospheric oxygen at relatively constant levels?

10 A)frogB)cricketC)grassD)mountain food web is represented continuous decrease in the size of the rabbit population wouldmost likely cause a decrease in which other population?A)amphipodsB)catfishC)crayfis hD) food web is shown organisms feed on both producers and decomposers?A)decomposerB)herbivoreC)pro ducerD) term refers to the ecological niche of many bacteria andfungi in an ecosystem?Review for Ecology Test #2A)AB)BC)CD) diagram below represents a food species would most likely be a decomposer?A)hawk decomposer; insect-eating bird parasiteB)mouse autotroph; flower seed heterotrophC)mountain lion predator; bark beetle herbivoreD)grasshopper carnivore; grass diagram below represents a food organisms are correctly paired with their nutritional roles?Review for Ecology Test #2A)The frogs make energy available to this ecosystem throughthe process of )The algae directly provide food for both the rotifers andthe )The green-backed heron provides energy for the )The catfish population helps control the populations ofwater boatman and water pond ecosystem is shown in the diagram statement describes an interaction that helps maintain thedynamic equilibrium of this ecosystem?