APA Referencing Style - INTI International University

1 As at 15th October 2018 Lee Fah Onn Library APA Referencing Style (Author-Date Method) Applicable for: This Guide shows you how to utilize in-text citations and a List of References by using APA Referencing Style Table of Contents 1 5 Punctuation/ Symbol .. 6 Formatting 7 In-text Citation and Referencing Style Part One: Books (Print) One 10 Organization as 11 Two 12 Three to five 13 Six to seven 14 More than seven 15 No 16 Second or later 17 Translated and/or 18 Same author, different 18 Same author, same 19 Single 20 Multiple 21 Malay 22 Chinese 23 Chinese with English Author .. 23 Indian/ Singh 24 Chapter in an edited 25 Edited book translated into 25 Different authors, same surname, different 26 Different authors, same surname, same 27 Citing a source within a 28 Book in a 29 Citing multiple sources simultaneously in a 30 Book in a foreign 31 Sacred 32 Encyclopedia, no 32 Encyclopedia, one or more authors, specific 34 Dictionary, one or more 35 Periodicals/ Serials (Print) One 36 Two 37 Three to five 38 Six to seven 39 More than seven 40 No 41 Newspaper 42 Newspaper article, no 43 Newspaper article from a news 44 Journal/Magazine 45 Journal/Magazine article, no 46 Annual report, 47 Part Two.

2 Books (Electronic) 48 E-book, book in a 49 E-book accessed via an e-book reader .. 50 Chapter in an edited 51 Encyclopedia, no author, specific 52 Dictionary no author, specific 52 Dictionary, one or more 53 Periodicals/ Serials (Electronic) One 55 Two 56 Three to five authors .. 57 More than seven 58 No 59 Article from a 60 Article with 61 Citing a source within a 62 Newspaper article from a 63 Newspaper 63 Newspaper Article, no 64 Article in an online 65 Part Three: Website One 66 Organization as 67 Report from an institution 68 Part Four: Social Media Blog 69 Wiki 70 Update on social network ( Facebook, Twitter, other).

3 70 YouTube (or similar) 71 Bulletin boards, Forums, Usenet, Email 72 Part five: Theses/ dissertations Thesis, 73 Thesis, 74 Thesis from a 74 Part Six: Data, Figures and Images Figure, 75 Figure, 76 Table, 76 Table, 77 Map, 77 Map, 78 Computer software, 78 Computer software, no programmer, 78 CD-ROM / 79 Images, 79 Images from a database, known 79 Images from a database, unknown 80 Appendix A: Quick guide to Referencing 81 Appendix B: Quick guide to in-text 82 Appendix C: Sample APA Style reference 83 References .. 84 1 Introduction Academic writing requires authors to support their arguments with reference to other published work or experimental results/findings.

4 A reference system will perform three essential tasks: Enable you to acknowledge other authors ideas (avoid plagiarism). Enable a reader to quickly locate the source of the material you refer to so they can consult it if they wish. Indicate to the reader the scope and depth of your research. The APA Style is a widely used Referencing system to help you achieve these objectives. How do I use the APA Referencing Style ? The APA Style involves two tasks: How you refer to other authors in the body of your text (in-text citation). How you compile a list of reference sources at the end of your text (reference list). Importance of citing and Referencing Receiving credit for your own hard work and research To validate what you are writing, by referring to documented evidence To refer to other research that leads up to your study To enable readers to consult the original source independently In-Text Citations This section of the Guide explains how to write in-text citations.

5 The basic principle is to give the surname of the author or the corporate author and the year of publication in brackets (author date), plus the page number if you quote or paraphrase, or if you summarize information on a specific page of the sources. When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for Example, (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. If you are referring to an idea from another work but NOT directly quoting the material, or making reference to an entire book, article or other work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication and not the page number in your in-text reference.

6 All sources that are cited in the text must appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. 2 How do I format in-text citations? 1. Give the author`s surname, or the corporate author, organization, artist, or editor if there is no author ( peter) 2. Give the year of the source was produces ( 2017) 3. Give the page name if you Quote, Paraphrase or summarizing the words of the sources. But if you are summarizing what author has argued in an entire book or article, you do not need to give page numbers. What does it look like? Here is an extract showing what in-text citations look like in the APA Style : It has been claimed that due to funding being almost exclusively available from the Irish Film Board (IFB), Irish film makers are restricted to the type of Ireland they can depict in their work (MacDougall, 2009).

7 Jervir (2011) argues that subjects such as Northern Ireland are disproportionately represented as these are key areas of interest to the IFB. Short quotations If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p."). Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses. According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA Style , especially when it was their first time" (p. 199). Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA Style " (p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers? If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the author's last name, the year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation.

8 She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA Style " (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why. Long quotations Place direct quotations that are 40 words, or longer, in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, , in the same place you would begin a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation 1/2 inch from the new margin. 3 Maintain double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. Jones's (1998) study found the following: Students often had difficulty using APA Style , especially when it was their first time citing sources.

9 This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a Style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199) Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text. Changes to Direct quotes A minor changes on the direct quotes is acceptable as long as following the rules and don t make any changes to the meaning. If omit parts of the quotation in the middle, use an ellipsis (..) The student stated that the computer useful. If want to insert your own words or different words into quotation use square bracket ([]) The computer lab [in the science building] was well designed.

10 If want to draw attention to an error in a quotation, for Example if there is a spelling mistake or wrong date, do not correct; use [sic]. The first president of the United States was Jorge [sic] Washington. If you want to emphasize something in a quotation which is particularly relevant to your point, put the emphasized word in italics, and state that the emphasis is your own. The writing tools in Moodle were very [emphasis added] helpful. 4 Reference List Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay, label this page "References" centered at the top of the page (do NOT bold, underline, or use quotation marks for the title). All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay. Basic Rules All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be align for each of paragraph.