APPLICATIONS OF GIS IN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT …

1 110 Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013 Sandip N Palve, 2013 APPLICATIONS OF GIS IN INFRASTRUCTUREPROJECT MANAGEMENTS andip N Palve1*Developing countries face unique challenges with the design, construction and operations ofnew INFRASTRUCTURE . Nations with mature INFRASTRUCTURE have followed traditional technology modelsfor planning, design, construction and operation of facilities. With GIS technology, the developmentof new INFRASTRUCTURE will follow new technology models eliminating data redundancy,miscommunication, and costly conversion when moving through the planning, design,construction, and operation of INFRASTRUCTURE data.

2 Specific site data requirements for the designand construction of INFRASTRUCTURE are developed for quality engineering design and to minimizeand accurately predict construction costs. GIS provides the central data system for the processof developing and constructing INFRASTRUCTURE gives the engineers a common means tocommunicate geospatial data, maintain current data, and allow iterative design/data collectionprocedures without exchanging data files of differing format, version, and content. Due to superiorspatial data handling capabilities, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is increasinglybeing considered for implementation in many INFRASTRUCTURE of Pune, India.

3 *Corresponding author:Sandip N Palve, 2319 6009 2, No. 4, November 2013 2013 IJSCER. All Rights ReservedInt. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013 Research PaperINTRODUCTIONThe GIS has the potential to merge a person sprocess and field knowledge with a powerfulcomputer system that documents activity andbuilds a base for further streamlining. It canremove some of the tedious tasks of day-to-day operations, thereby easing the burden onthe worker, resulting in the potential forproductivity increases. At the same time, newdata documentation requirements are addedKeywords:GIS, Planning, APPLICATIONS , Geospatial data, INFRASTRUCTURE projectsthat form the foundation for future GIS iley suggests that a GIS should beapproached as an evolutionary process, onethat yields GIS/information system tools andcapabilities in the interim and handle usersimmediate information needs as well as allowfor gradual organizational and workflowchanges as the system and applicationsevolve (Wiley, 1997).

4 People involved in theInfrastructure projects believe that saving in111 Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013 Sandip N Palve, 2013time and money can be achieved in actualconstruction rather than applying any structuralprocedure for PROJECT management such ascost estimation, planning, scheduling andcontrol. Further, success or failure depends onthe quality and timing of the informationavailable to the engineers from the will allow PROJECT managers and differentpeople involved in PROJECT with differentbackgrounds to get the information about theprogress of the PROJECT and support DecisionMaking.

5 GIS will provide a common basis ofunderstanding and communication amongthese people. Many people think of GIS as apresentation tool. A GIS does in fact createhigh quality maps that communicateconsiderable amounts of information in anefficient and attention-getting manner. Campand Brown (1993) suggested the use ofdatabase management capabilities of GIS todevelop a 3-D view. 3-D visualization allowsthe PROJECT manager to view the constructionactivities during any stage of the paper covers the APPLICATIONS of GISat various stages of INFRASTRUCTURE projects sothat it is possible to maintain the qualitythroughout the DO WE NEED GIS?

6 GIS are needed in part because humanpopulations and consumption have reachedlevels such that many resources, including airand land, are placing substantial limits onhuman action. Human populations havedoubled in the last 50 years. Publicorganizations have adopted GIS because oflegislative mandates, and because GIS aid ingovernmental functions. For example,emergency service vehicles are regularlydispatched and routed using GIS, Callers toE911 or other emergency are automatically identified bytelephone number, and their address GIS software matches this address to thenearest fire, police, or ambulance station.

7 Amap or route description is immediatelygenerated by the software, based oninformation, on location and the street network,and sent to the appropriate station with adispatch businesses have adopted GISbecause they provide increased efficiency inthe delivery of goods and services. Retailbusinesses locate stores based on a numberof spatially-related factors. Where are thepotential customers? What is the spatialdistribution of competing businesses? Whereare potential new store locations? What istraffic flow near current stores, and how easyis it to park near and access these stores?

8 Spatial analyses are used every day to answerthese questions. GIS are also used inhundreds of other business APPLICATIONS , suchas to route delivery vehicles, guide advertising,design buildings, plan construction, and sellreal estate. GIS provide spatial solutions tomany fields of civil engineering such astransportation, water resources, facilitiesmanagement, urban planning, constructionand E-business. GIS is an effective tool tovisualize the topographical conditions ofconstruction site. The modelling of constructionsite facilitates in construction controlling andplanning GIS IN PROJECTMANAGEMENT?

9 The Construction Industry has a huge number112 Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013 Sandip N Palve, 2013of tasks involved and cost involved in theseProjects is also very large. The ProjectManagers have a hard time monitoring theprojects between site and office. They have tocome on site to know the progress of work anddecide the sequence of work. They aregenerally confused on what to do next or whatwould be the changes faced by them in the cost involved is large and it varies withrespect to the completion of the PROJECT , ,time. The traditional approach for schedulingand progress control techniques such as barcharts and the critical path method are stillbeing used by the PROJECT managers forplanning which a serious disadvantage for thedecision is making purpose as the spatialaspects fail to provide the requiredinformation.

10 There is pressure on the projectmanagers to shorten the delivery times andthus the current scheduling and progressreporting practices are in need of substantialimprovements in quality and of Geographical InformationSystem (GIS) and PROJECT management withvisualization was recognized as one of themost important tools for achieving this goal. Itshould be seen that integration of GIS andProject management might assist a plannerin a better perception of a PROJECT as well as inthe integration of other parties activities in theplanning process.