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ASTM E119: Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of ...

By Authority OfTHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICAL egally Binding DocumentBy the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code 552(a) and Part 1 of the Code of Regulations 51 the attached document has been duly INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America. HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance. Official Incorporator:THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOROFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTERWASHINGTON, Name: CFR Section(s): Standards Body: eNOTICE: This Standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact astm International ( ) for the latest information Designation: E 119 -OOa .ull An American National Standard INTERNAnONAL 1. Scope Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials 1 This Standard is issued under the fixed designation E 119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of Original adoption or, in the case of revision.

E119-00a . responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appIV­ priate safety and health practices and determine the applica­ bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Transcription of ASTM E119: Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of ...

1 By Authority OfTHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICAL egally Binding DocumentBy the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code 552(a) and Part 1 of the Code of Regulations 51 the attached document has been duly INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America. HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance. Official Incorporator:THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOROFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTERWASHINGTON, Name: CFR Section(s): Standards Body: eNOTICE: This Standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact astm International ( ) for the latest information Designation: E 119 -OOa .ull An American National Standard INTERNAnONAL 1. Scope Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials 1 This Standard is issued under the fixed designation E 119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of Original adoption or, in the case of revision.

2 The year of last revisioll. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapprovaJ. This Standard lias been approved for use by agellcies of the Departmellt of Defellse. INTRODUCTION The performance of walls, columns, floors, and other building members under fire exposure conditions is an item of major importance in securing constructions that are safe, and that are not a menace to neighboring structures nor to the public. Recognition of this is registered in the codes of many authorities, municipal and other. It is important to secure balance of the many units in a single building, and of buildings of like character and use in a community; and also to promote uniformity in requirements of various authorities throughout the country. To do this it is necessary that the fire-resistive properties of materials and assemblies be measured and specified according to a conunon Standard expressed in terms that are applicable alike to a wide variety of materials, situations, and conditions of exposure.

3 Such a Standard is found in the Methods that follow. They prescribe a Standard exposing fire of controlled extent and severity. Performance is defined as the period of resistance to Standard exposure elapsing before the first critical point in behavior is observed. Results are reported in units in which field exposures can be judged and expressed. The Methods may be cited as the " Standard Fire Tests ," and the performance or exposure shall be expressed as "2-h," "6-h," "~-h," etc. When a factor of safety exceeding that inherent in the test conditions is desired, a proportional increase should be made in the specified time-classification period. The test Methods described in this fire-test-response Standard are applicable to assemblies of masonry units and to composite assemblies of structural materials for buildings, including bearing and other walls and partitions, columns, girders, beams, slabs, and composite slab and beam assemblies for floors and roofs.

4 They are also applicable to other assem-blies and structural units that constitute permanent integral parts of a finished building. period of exposure and shall not be construed as having determined suitability for use under other conditions or after fire exposure. This Standard is llsed to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions .. These test Methods prescribe a Standard fire exposure for comparing the test results of building construction assem-blies. The results of these Tests are one factor in assessing predicted fire performance of building construction and assem-blies. Application of these test results to predict the perfor-mance of actual building construction requires the evaluation of test conditions. It is the intent that classifications shall register compara-ti ve performance to specific fire-test conditions during the I These test Methods are under the jurisdiction of astm Committee E05 on Fire Standards and are the dllect responsibility of Subcommittee on Construction Assemblies.

5 Current edition approved July 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally published as C 19-19171'. Last previous edition E 119 -00. These test Methods , of which the present Standard represents a revision, were prepared by Sectional Committee on Fire Tests of Materials and Construction, under the joint sponsorsbip of the National Bureau of Standards, the ANSI Fire Protection Group, and astm , functioning under the procedure of the American National Standards Institute. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the Standard . The values given in parentheses are for information only. This Standard does not purport to address all of the safety concems, if any, associated with its use. It is the Copyright astm Intemational. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box 0700, West Conshohockan, PA 194213-2959, United Stales. 1 E119-00a responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appIV-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.

6 The text: of this Standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the Standard . 2. Referenced Documents astm Standards: C 569 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Preformed Thermal Insulations2 E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards' 3. Terminology Definitions-For definitions of terms found in this test method, refer to Terminology E 176. 4. Significance and Use This test method is intended to evaluate the duration for which the types of assemblies noted in contain a fire, retain their structural integrity, or exhibit both properties dependent upon the type of assembly involved during a predetermined test exposure. The test exposes a specimen to a Standard fire controlled to achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period. When required, the fire exposure is followed by the application of a specified Standard fire hose stream.

7 The test provides a relative measure of the fire-test-response of compa-rable assemblies under these fire exposure conditions. The exposure is not representative of all fire conditions because conditions vary with changes in the amount. nature and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. Variation from the test conditions or specimen construction, such as size, materials, method of assembly, also affects the fire-test-response. For these reasons, evaluation of the variation is required for application to construction in the field. The test Standard provides for the following: For walls, partitions, and fioor or roof assemblies: Measurement of the transmission of heat. Measurement of the transmission of hot gases through the assembly, sufficient to ignite cotton waste. For load bearing elements, measurement of the load carrying ability of the test specimen during the test exposure.

8 For individual load bearing assemblies such as beams and columns: Measurement of the load carrying ability under tlle test exposure with consideration for the end support conditions (that is, restrained or not restrained). The test Standard does not provide the following: 2 Discontilllled---See 1987 Annual Book of astm Standards, Vol ~ Amilia! Book Of astm Standards, Vol 2 Full information as to performance of assemblies constructed with components or lengths other than those tested. Evaluation of the degree by which the assembly contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion. Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the assembly. Simulation of the fire behavior of joints between building elements such as 'fioor-wall or wall-wall, etc., connec-tions. Measurement of flame spread over surface of tested element. The effect of fire endurance of conventional openings in the assembly, that is, electrical receptacle outlets, plumbing pipe, etc.

9 , unless specifically provided for in the construction tested. CONTROL OF FIRE Tests 5. Time~ Temperature Curve The conduct of fire Tests of materials and construction shall be controlled by the Standard time-temperature curve shown in Fig. 1. The points on the curve that determine its character are: 1000 F (538 C) 1300 F (704 C) 1550 F (843 C) 1700 F (927 C) 1850 F (1010 C) 2000 F (1093 C) 2300 F (1260 C) at5 min at 10 min at 30 min at 1 h at 2 h at 4 h at 8 h or over For a closer definition of the time-tempemture curve, see Appendix Xl. NOTE i-Recommendations for Recording Fuel FLow to Furnace Burners-The following provides guidance on the desired characteristics 240 J 100 0 ~ o f ~ e~I~O B = E 60 '" 40 , ) )0 V-2 V-V --6 B Time, h 1200 1000 u 800 ~ "0 e-600 1:: ~ " 400 ! 200 o FIG. 1 Time-Temperature Curve E 119-00a of instrumentation for recording the flow of fuel to the furnace burners. Fuel flow data may be useful for a furnace heat balance analysis, for measuring the effect of furnace or control changes, and for comparing the performance of assemblies of different properties in the fire endurance test4 Record the integrated (cumulative) flow of gas (or other fuel) to the furnace burners at 10 min.

10 20 min, 30 min. and every 30 min thereafter or more frequently. Total gas consumed during the total test period is also to be determined. A recording flow meter has advantages over periodic readings on an instantaneous or totalizing flow meter. Select a measuring and recording system to provide flow rate readings accurate to within 5%. Report the type of fuel, its higher (gross) heating value. and the fuel flow (corrected to Standard conditions of 600P (l6 C) and in. Hg) as a function of time. 6. Furnace Temperatures The temperature fixed by the curve shall be the average temperatme from not fewer than nine thermocouples for a fioor, roof, wall, or partition and not fewer than eight thermo-couples for a structural column. Furnace thermocouples shall be symmetrically disposed and distributed to show the tem-perature near all parts of the sample, the thermocouples being enclosed in protection tubes of such materials and dimensions that the time constant of the protected thermocouple assembly lies within the range from to min (Note 2).


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