awhesyth = skylark budnan = meadow beuh = cow B bulas ...

1 GLOSSARY OFASSOCIATEDCORNISH WORDSSome Cornish language and dialect words relating to hedges, their function & wildlife. Written Cornish is derived from many old documents with a variety of spellings, not all being shown. Dialect words derived from English are shown source: Gerlyver Noweth Kernewek-Sawsnek Ha Sawsnek-Kernewek (A New Cornish Dictionary) by R. Morton Nance pub. Dyllansow Truran = rose-hipsaiglet = haw-berryanaf = slow wormaras = to plough (aras en kensa an todn = to plough first the ley)ascallan = thistleazan = barrel-stave, ribadgy = a gap, esp. a gap in a hedgeatal = mine rubbish, refuse or = apple treeawhesyth = skylarkBbagas eithin = furze bushbarr = bolt, barbagaroot = turnip = gate hingebal = a mine banal = broom plantsbaren = small branchbarges = buzzardbarles, barlez = barleybedewen = birch treebethan = meadowbeorth = cattle enclosurebownans = lifetime (yn ow bewanas = as long as I live)bigal = cowmanbilders = water dropwort, hemlockbledgan = a flowerblowth = blossombod an ethen = sparrow hawkbool = an axe, hatchetbowlan = cattle poundbolt = a stone-built drain = corn marigold = a narrow uncultivated valley floor (Cornish straze)

2 = lane leading from the homestead to pasture = a crowbreach = heathy ground on which the turf has been cut and burnt = herd grazing common landbreilu = primrose(s)brogh = a badgerbrows, bruss = broken wood fuel, small fragmentsbritton = thrift, sea pinkbudnan = meadowbeuh = cowbulas = hemlockbullum = fruit of the bullace tree = a load, as much turf, furze, straw, hay &c as one can carry = land manured by enclosing animals on it at nightCkalx= limecammik = rest-harrowcarneth = heap of rockscasting up = replacing soil run or fallen off a hedge = thicketchawk =jackdawchikkiar eithen = furze chat, stonechatclos, cluit = hurdle, gap in hedgeclugyar = partridgecluit = a watttled gate, gap in hedgecockedge = a trimmed thorn hedge (also used for drying clothes)

3 , coffin, cofan = tin quarry, open to = green woodpeckercolmy = to bindcumpas = level, straightconen = rabbitscore, coor = eight hours = sheep pencos, coose = a woodcothan = bedrockcountry = the ground itself, especially used of that about or near an excavation = dog roseclicket = gate fastenerclidga = muddy area around gateway & = pigeon or dovecollan = hazel treecran = bracken, scrub (cf. reden)creeb, criban = roof ridge, top of hedgecreen = readily split stone, brittlecrellas = ancient ruined hut, excavation in a hedge roofed over for sheltercricken (cricks, crinnicks) = dry sticks for kindlingcroft = uncultivated enclosed land esp. for growing furzecrokkan = a snare for rabbit and harecrobman = reaphook, sicklecronag du = toadcronag mellin = frogcrow = hut, hovel, or stycue = ox shoecuntl, terry = to pick or pluckcunys, kinnis = fuel, firewoodcutting and casting up = repairing turf hedge = fallow deerdar = oak tree (also glastan)dash (tash, tosh) = unbound faggot of furzedashel, dysel = sow thistledavas = sheepdenewes = young ox or heiferdevith = uncultivated waste landdowrak = soggydeyl = leaves doer = earth, soil, grounddoerhok = nightjardowran = watering placedurgy = otterdralyer = trailing stem of plant eg bramble (extended to follower, sweetheart)dreth = sand, graveldrevas = arable cropdreave = barren, empty (as a nut without a kernel)

4 Drez an vledhan = all the year rounddreyn, drannack, yrynen = blackthorn bushes (cf. spern = hawthorn)dreynek = thorn thicketdreys = brambles drim = ridgedrok-dewedha = to come to a bad enddurn = side post of a door or = to unenclose, unfenceEedil = plough handleegr diu = daisyehal = draught animaleithen = furze, gorseelaw = elm treesenlidan, ledanen = plantainent = to empty out, rain heavily. "Es enten down" = turnipethen = birdsewder = straightnessFfalh = scythefalky = ready for mowingfave = beanfow, vow = badger or fox holefelga = ready to splitfellon = hawkweedfenton = natural springferdhyn-tyr = land-farthing (quarter of Cornish acre)fern = bracken especially after cutting and stacking = drill, furrowvor = roadf s = a wall (cf.)

5 Kee = a hedge)fradge = to mend a gap in a hedgefreath = gap in, or a, wattled = quickthorn hedgeGgadga = daisygadja-vrawz = oxeye daisygahen = henbanegar = a stemgarth = small enclosuregaver = goatgeler = coffingew, kew = best field on the farm (prob. nearest and oldest field)girgirik = partridgegladdy = yellow hammerglastanen = holm oak (Ilex)gleth = chickweedglastan = oak tree (see also dar)glaswedhen = saplingglaw = rainglawgy = shelterglaws (gloas, gloz) = dry cow dung used as fuelglit = hoar frostglosen = dried cow-dung fuel glowwyth = trees for charcoalgluth = dewgodegh = lurking-place, cover for wildlifegodror = small hometeadgulran-gea = hedge-sparrowgoon = undivided moorland part of a farm or = flatish downland, unenclosed pasture, usually shared between farmsgord (goad) = 9ft rod for cattle, used for measuring a "lace", 39 sq yards.

6 ?perch of land , foen = haygothal = watery scrub, willow carr gothfys = honeysuckle, woodbinegouwan = mothgoyf = the wintergre = a herdgreet = dry = horse/cattle pondgrend (grin, gren) = rabbit snare, a loop in a chain (? crokkan ?)gribble = a rooted cutting of a plantgridge = a small fragment of a stone = grasshoppergriglan = heathland, bushy = ditch along the foot of a hedge = decomposed granite, often used as core for = heathergroundya = to lay foundations, groundersguarrak = cattlegucu = bluebell (Camborne/Redruth) = enclosed field (usually arable), sometimes in multiple occupation by = swallowguhien = waspguradnan = wren gurgy (gurgo, gorge, gurgow, gurgoe &c) = ancient low hedge, usually pre-Mediaeval & broken-down.

7 Also ancient low hedges (usually both sides of an old lane)guern = swamp with aldersguersyn = spindleguhyen = apple bee, waspgurthyd = ox-goadguersyn = windgwage = uninhabited, emptygwandra = to ramble, stroll, wandergwnath = wheatgweal = arable landguedhan = a treeguedhan-knufan = hazel-bushgwetnak = tree-grown place, full of treesgweel kea = to build a hedgegwelz = the grassgwenan = beegweras = ground, soil, earth, mouldgwarnik = marshy, swampygwernam = alder-treesgwythrose = honeysucklegwradnan = wrengwrythya = to take rootgwiban = flygwybesen = gnat, midge, mosquitoguilkin = froggweeth = wood, grovegwescas = covering, coating, layerHhave = summerhager gowas = cloudbursthagglan, haggles = hawshained up = to shut off a field for hay.

8 Also ground preserved by tin bounds = moor (as in mire)hare = honeysucklehaze = seedhaza = to set seedhavrak = land tilled for fallowheap = turnipheblyth = pliant, flexiblehelagon = willow, sallowhendra = original or winter homesteadhenvor = abandoned roadheskan = sedge bogheth = staghewas = summer dairy farmholm-scritch = missel thrush = hawh h = sow (pig)hoppes = hops Iigotty = keeper for gate fastenerivre, eaver = darnelKkea = hedge bank (in neb toll kea = in some hole of a hedge)keas = to hedge, fence, enclosekeggas = Alexanders, hemlock, or similarkeleren = pig-nut, earth-nutkelleel = plough stick, coulter kelly, killy = small woodkelinan = holly treekenidgak = place for getting fuelkennegan = marsh or bogkentra = to spike, fix with one nailkerdhynen = mountain ash, rowankerh = oatskerth = property (as of right)kees = hedged, closedkekezna = Cornish heathkezan = turf or peat cut for fuelkevelak = woodcockkeverang = hundred of countykew = enclosure, close, fieldkewny = moss, lichen & = land ploughed jointlykib a gap = to mend a hedge with thorns, and put tabs or turves to keep them = fenced off with bushes, furze, & = plough tailkillas = clayey slatekinnis = fuel for fire esp.

9 Turf, furze & scrub. Not wood or coalkyfor = hollow wayLlace, les = landyard of 18 feet square ?perchlastethes = filth, vermin, weeds &c. launder, londer = gutterleasing = picking stoneslehan = flag-stonelem = to strip = breadthlesdushak = betonyleskes = burntlaister = yellow flaglidn = pondlogas = micelobm = bare, nakedludnu = cattlelokles = mugwortlowarth = gardenlowarn = foxloog = undergrowth of weed, clover, &c. among cornlidziw = asheslinas = nettleslene= stitch, strip of land, often part of field in multiple occupationlis- = former admin. centre, manorial courtlubbas, lobmas = unproductive groundluzu = vegetation, weedsluzumoh = hogweedMmadere = groundselmaglen = a trap, ginmaggy-uler = the goat mothmaruran = ravenmargh = a horsemaun, maud, gurry = large wicker basket = field or harvest mousemeat-earth = soil suitable for arable cropping = large open fieldmelwhen = snail, slugmelenek = goldfinchmeilhionan = clovermelyn = a millmean-lear = foundation stone, groundermerrian = antsmill = poppyminfel = yarrowmola = thrushmolgh dhu = blackbirdmoorstone = granite rocks or boulders, "scattered over our hills".

10 Now used of granite from any source = tree-root Engmow = what is mown, small rickmungern = horse-collarNnoswyth = in the nightnyth = bird's nestOodgon, ohan = oxenonnen = ash treeorgal = woundwortout-of-core = out of regular working hours = to make right, to mendoye = eggPpagespaw = lizardpal, ref = shovelparah, tonak = herd or flockpark = enclosed field, sometimes pasturepedripromter = knapweed (lit. priest's heads)pednan = small pieces of = newtpednan = tadpolepeeth = dug well (cf. fenton)penedna = broken tops of furzepezzack = a rotten pichard, broken fish not for saltingplansa = to plantplaow = pestspleau = parishpodar = rotten, decayedpopdock, bochgoch = foxgloveporfel = pasture, grazing placepoth = burnt, scorchedpow = countrysidepras, praze = meadow , pasture, small grazingprill = small solid eg sheep-dropping, stone = small solid eg sheep-dropping, stone = timber treepry = clay-earth, cobpreve = 'creepy-crawlie' pillas = naked oats (Avena nuda)