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Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG ...

Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG -3 INSAG-12. Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG -3 Rev. 1. INSAG-12. A REPORT BY THE. INTERNATIONAL Nuclear Safety ADVISORY GROUP. INSAG-12. INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. VIENNA. ISBN 92 0 102699 4. ISSN 1025 2169. Basic Safety Principles . FOR Nuclear Power Plants . 75-INSAG -3 Rev. 1. INSAG-12. A report by the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN GUATEMALA PANAMA. ALBANIA HAITI PARAGUAY. ALGERIA HOLY SEE PERU. ARGENTINA HUNGARY PHILIPPINES. ARMENIA ICELAND POLAND. AUSTRALIA INDIA PORTUGAL. AUSTRIA INDONESIA QATAR. BANGLADESH IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA. BELARUS IRAQ ROMANIA.

tion, commissioning, operation, maintenance, upgrades or modifications, training, decommissioning, and all related activities. This pervasive safety thinking is a key element in the ‘safety culture’ that is emphasized strongly in this report. This revision of 75-INSAG-3 was prepared in order to take account of the

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Transcription of Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG ...

1 Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG -3 INSAG-12. Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants 75-INSAG -3 Rev. 1. INSAG-12. A REPORT BY THE. INTERNATIONAL Nuclear Safety ADVISORY GROUP. INSAG-12. INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. VIENNA. ISBN 92 0 102699 4. ISSN 1025 2169. Basic Safety Principles . FOR Nuclear Power Plants . 75-INSAG -3 Rev. 1. INSAG-12. A report by the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN GUATEMALA PANAMA. ALBANIA HAITI PARAGUAY. ALGERIA HOLY SEE PERU. ARGENTINA HUNGARY PHILIPPINES. ARMENIA ICELAND POLAND. AUSTRALIA INDIA PORTUGAL. AUSTRIA INDONESIA QATAR. BANGLADESH IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA. BELARUS IRAQ ROMANIA.

2 BELGIUM IRELAND RUSSIAN FEDERATION. BENIN ISRAEL SAUDI ARABIA. BOLIVIA ITALY SENEGAL. BOSNIA AND JAMAICA SIERRA LEONE. HERZEGOVINA JAPAN SINGAPORE. BRAZIL JORDAN SLOVAKIA. BULGARIA KAZAKHSTAN SLOVENIA. BURKINA FASO KENYA SOUTH AFRICA. CAMBODIA KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SPAIN. CAMEROON KUWAIT SRI LANKA. CANADA LATVIA SUDAN. CHILE LEBANON SWEDEN. CHINA LIBERIA SWITZERLAND. COLOMBIA LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC. COSTA RICA LIECHTENSTEIN THAILAND. COTE D'IVOIRE LITHUANIA THE FORMER YUGOSLAV. CROATIA LUXEMBOURG REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA. CUBA MADAGASCAR TUNISIA. CYPRUS MALAYSIA TURKEY. CZECH REPUBLIC MALI UGANDA. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC MALTA UKRAINE. OF THE CONGO MARSHALL ISLANDS UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. DENMARK MAURITIUS UNITED KINGDOM OF. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC MEXICO GREAT BRITAIN AND.

3 ECUADOR MONACO NORTHERN IRELAND. EGYPT MONGOLIA UNITED REPUBLIC. EL SALVADOR MOROCCO OF TANZANIA. ESTONIA MYANMAR UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ETHIOPIA NAMIBIA URUGUAY. FINLAND NETHERLANDS UZBEKISTAN. FRANCE NEW ZEALAND VENEZUELA. GABON NICARAGUA VIET NAM. GEORGIA NIGER YEMEN. GERMANY NIGERIA YUGOSLAVIA. GHANA NORWAY ZAMBIA. GREECE PAKISTAN ZIMBABWE. The Agency's Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 by the Conference on the Statute of the IAEA held at United Nations Headquarters, New York; it entered into force on 29 July 1957. The Headquarters of the Agency are situated in Vienna. Its principal objective is to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world''. IAEA, 1999. Permission to reproduce or translate the information contained in this publication may be obtained by writing to the International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.

4 Printed by the IAEA in Austria October 1999. STI/PUB/1082. INSAG-12. Basic Safety Principles . FOR Nuclear Power Plants . 75-INSAG -3 Rev. 1. INSAG-12. A report by the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. VIENNA, 1999. The International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG) is an advisory group to the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, whose main functions are: (1) To provide a forum for the exchange of information on generic Nuclear Safety issues of international significance;. (2) To identify important current Nuclear Safety issues and to draw conclusions on the basis of the results of Nuclear Safety activities within the IAEA and of other information;. (3) To give advice on Nuclear Safety issues in which an exchange of information and/or additional efforts may be required.

5 (4) To formulate, where possible, commonly shared Safety concepts. VIC Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants : 75-INSAG -3 rev. 1 / a report by the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group. Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency, 1999. p. ; 24 cm. (INSAG series, ISSN 1025 2169 ; INSAG-12). STI/PUB/1082. ISBN 92 0 102699 4. Includes bibliographical references. 1. Nuclear Power Plants Safety measures. I. International Atomic Energy Agency. II. Series. VICL 99 00231. FOREWORD. by Mohamed ElBaradei Director General The International Atomic Energy Agency's activities relating to Nuclear Safety are based upon a number of premises. First and foremost, each Member State bears full responsibility for the Safety of its Nuclear facilities.

6 States can be advised, but they cannot be relieved of this responsibility. Secondly, much can be gained by exchanging experience; lessons learned can prevent accidents. Finally, the image of Nuclear Safety is international; a serious accident anywhere affects the public's view of Nuclear Power everywhere. With the intention of strengthening the IAEA's contribution to ensuring the Safety of Nuclear Power Plants , the Agency established the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG), whose duties include serving as a forum for the exchange of information on Nuclear Safety issues of international significance and formulating, where possible, commonly shared Safety Principles . The present report is a revision of the original 75-INSAG -3 which was issued in 1988 to provide a statement of the objectives and Principles of safe design and operation for electricity generating Nuclear Power Plants .

7 This revision was prepared in order to bring the text up to date with improvements in the Safety of operating Nuclear Power Plants as well as to identify Principles to be applied for future Plants . It presents INSAG's understanding of the Principles underlying the best current Safety policies and practices of the Nuclear Power industry. The report is intended for use by governmental authorities and by the Nuclear industry and its supporting organizations. Its aim is to promote excellent Safety practices at all levels at Nuclear Power Plants through a better understanding of their basis. Although INSAG consulted many experts from various countries in preparing this report, the IAEA did not seek comments on the draft from Member States. The report has not been adopted by the Board of Governors and is not an IAEA Safety standard establishing internationally agreed requirements or recommendations.

8 I am pleased to have received this report and am happy to release it to a wider audience. CONTENTS. PREAMBLE .. 1. 1. INTRODUCTION .. 5. Structure of the report .. 6. 2. OBJECTIVES .. 8. General Nuclear Safety objective .. 8. Radiation protection objective .. 9. Technical Safety objective .. 10. 3. FUNDAMENTAL Principles .. 12. Management responsibilities .. 12. Strategy of defence in depth .. 17. General technical Principles .. 22. 4. SPECIFIC Principles .. 38. Siting .. 40. Design .. 41. Manufacturing and construction .. 63. commissioning .. 65. Operation .. 67. Accident management .. 78. Decommissioning .. 81. Emergency preparedness .. 82. APPENDIX: ILLUSTRATION OF DEFENCE IN DEPTH .. 85. INDEX OF KEYWORDS .. 90. MEMBERS OF THE INTERNATIONAL Nuclear Safety .

9 ADVISORY GROUP .. 94. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS FOR THE ORIGINAL VERSION. OF 75-INSAG -3 .. 95. PUBLICATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL Nuclear Safety . ADVISORY GROUP .. 97. PREAMBLE. PREAMBLE. INSAG here provides a self-standing report on Safety Principles for electricity generating Nuclear Power plants1. This report has been developed because: the means for ensuring the Safety of Nuclear Power Plants have improved over the years, and it is believed that commonly shared Principles for ensuring a very high level of Safety can now be stated for all Nuclear Power Plants ; and the international consequences of the Chernobyl accident in 1986 have under- lined the need for common Safety Principles for all countries and all types of Nuclear Power Plants . INSAG has prepared this report in accordance with its terms of reference to formulate, where possible, commonly shared Safety concepts.

10 The understanding and application of these Safety Principles should improve Safety and benefit everyone, especially those in countries that use or intend to use Nuclear Power as an energy source. Safety is never absolute in any endeavour. All of life is hazardous in some way. These Safety Principles do not guarantee that Nuclear Power Plants will be absolutely free of risk, but, when the Principles are adequately applied, the Plants should be very safe and still effective in meeting society's needs for abundant useful energy. Notwithstanding the few major accidents that have occurred, Nuclear Power has a Safety record that is good compared with those of the viable competing options for producing electricity. Even so, there is great public concern about the Safety of Nuclear Power .


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