Beetles Identification Guide - Entomological …

1 1 Beetles associated with storedproducts in Canada:An Identification guideBEETLES2associated with storedproducts in Canada:An Identification guideBEETLESYves BousquetBiosystematics Research CentreOttawa, OntarioResearch BranchAgriculture CanadaPublication 183719903 Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1990 Available in Canada throughAuthorized Bookstore Agentsand other bookstoresor by mail fromCanadian Governement Publishing CentreSupply and Services CanadaOttawa, Canada K1A 0S9 Cat. No. A43-1837/1989 EISBN 0-660-13266-4 Price is subject to change without noticeCanadian Cataloguing in Publication DataBousquet, YvesBeetles associated with stored products in Canada(Publication; 1837)Includes bibliographical A43-1837/1989 EISBN 0-660-13266-41.

2 Beetles -Canada- Identification . 2. Beetles -Canada. I. Canada. Agriculture Canada. ResearchBranch. II. Title. III. Series: Publication(Canada. Agriculture Canada). English; 1989 0971 C89-099210-XStaff EditorFrances 97 Dermestidae .. 126 Mycetophagidae .. 140 Nitidulidae .. 200 Literature cited .. 7 List of Beetles associated withstored products in Canada .. 8 Identification .. 10 Identification keys .. 11 Identification plates .. 49 General information .. 71 Carabidae .. 75 Cleridae .. 77 Cryptophagidae .. 79 Cucujidae .. 89 CONTENTS5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI am indebted to Smith, Bright, and Loschiavo for revising themanuscript and to the following colleagues for their comments on sections ofthe manuscript: Andrews (Lathridiidae section); Beal, Jr.

3 (Dermestidaesection); Chandler (Anthicidae section); Connell (Nitidulidae section); Ivie (Ptinidae section); A. Larochelle (Glossary); and Triplehorn(Tenebrionidae section). I wish to thank Smith for his encouragement andfor his willingness to share his observations and experience. I also thank and Sinha for discussing various aspects relevant to this projectand R. Hutchinson for reviewing the a Guide like this one, the figures are as important as the text. I thereforewish to acknowledge the contribution of R. Idema, who has done most of thehabitus drawings and some of the other line drawings; G. Sato, who also providedsome of the line drawings; and S. Rigby, for some of the habitus drawings. R. provided valuable assistance in the photomechanical work necessary forthe layout of the year arthropods destroy or contaminate large quantities of storedproducts in Canada.

4 Beetles are unquestionably the most important group oforganisms attacking these products. This publication is intended to provide ex-tension entomologists, inspectors, and naturalists with an Identification Guide ofthe most common Beetles associated with stored products in Canada. In addi-tion to keys and plates, the following sections are included for each species treated:diagnosis, sexual dimorphism, distribution, and economic ann e, de grandes quantit s de produits entrepos s au Canada sontd truits ou contamin s par la pr sence d arthropodes et les Col opt res formentsans contredit le plus important groupe d organismes vivants qui s attaque cesproduits. Le but de l ouvrage est de fournir aux conseillers techniques enentomologie, aux inspecteurs et aux naturalistes un Guide de d termination desprincipaux Col opt res associ s aux produits entrepos s au Canada.

5 En plus destableaux d Identification et des illustrations, l ouvrage comprend, pour chaqueesp ce trait e, une diagnose ainsi que des sections sur le dimorphisme sexuel, ladistribution et l importance book is intended to provide extension entomologists and natural-ists with an Identification Guide to the common Beetles associated with storedproducts in Canada. Only the adult stage is dealt with in this book. Thedistribution and economic importance of each species are discussed; infor-mation on the biology is omitted, because it is the subject of a recent publi-cation (Campbell et al. 1989). Beetles represent the largest natural order in the animal kingdom; morethan 9000 species are estimated to occur in Canada (Campbell 1979). Themain characteristic of the adult beetle is the modification of the anteriorwings, the elytra, into a stiff cover that protects the membranous posteriorwings (if present) and the abdomen when the beetle is at rest.

6 In a few spe-cies, such as the female of Thylodrias contractus, the elytra have been sec-ondarily lost. Like many other insects, Beetles have a completemetamorphosis, with four distinct stages in their life cycle: egg, larva, pupa,and adult. More information about the general morphology and biology ofColeoptera can be found in Crowson (1981) and Halstead (1986).Every year, large quantities of stored products are destroyed or contami-nated because of the presence of arthropods, and Beetles are by far the mostimportant group of animals attacking these products (Hinton 1945). Over 600species around the world have been found associated with stored products, and120 of these are dealt with here (see List of Beetles associated with stored prod-ucts in Canada ).

7 The species include those established or found more or lessregularly in Canada and associated with stored products. Less than half of thesespecies actually eat the product or one of its constituents. In fact, many of thestored-product species feed on fungi or on dead arthropods and small mammalspresent in places where food is stored. Species known in Canada only from inter-ceptions at ports of entry have not been included, except for Trogodermagranarium. Also excluded are the species that are general predators, such asCarabidae and Staphylinidae, and those attacking structural woodwork in build-ings, such as many Anobiidae, Bostrichidae, and Cerambycidae. Although someof these species may be found in buildings where food is stored, they are onlyincidental and thus are not considered to be associated with stored Guide is organized in two parts.

8 The first includes keys and illustrationsof the common stored-product species in Canada. The second part presents, foreach species treated, sections on diagnosis and sexual dimorphism as well as in-formation on distribution and economic OF Beetles ASSOCIATED WITH STORED PRODUCTSIN CANADAC ryptophagus scanicus (Linnaeus)Cryptophagus scutellatus NewmanCryptophagus setulosus SturmCryptophagus stromus Woodroffe &CoombsCryptophagus subfumatus KraatzCryptophagus varus Woodroffe &CoombsHenoticus californicus (Mannerheim)Henoticus serratus (Gyllenhal)CucujidaeAhasverus advena (Waltl)Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens)Cryptolestes pusillus (Schonherr)Cryptolestes turcicus (Grouvelle)Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel)Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus)CurculionidaeSitophilus granarius (Linnaeus)Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus)

9 DermestidaeAnthrenus fuscus OlivierAnthrenus museorum (Linnaeus)Anthrenus scrophulariae (Linnaeus)Anthrenus verbasci (Linnaeus)Attagenus unicolor (Brahm)Dermestes ater DeGeerDermestes frischii KugelannDermestes lardarius LinnaeusDermestes maculatus DeGeerDermestes marmoratus SayDermestes signatus LeConteMegatoma variegata (Horn)Reesa vespulae (Milliron)Thylodrias contractus MotschulskyTrogoderma glabrum (Herbst)Trogoderma granarium EvertsAnobiidaeLasioderma serricorne (Fabricius)Stegobium paniceum (Linnaeus)AnthicidaeAnthicus cervinus LaFert -S nect reAnthicus ephippium LaFert -S nect reAnthicus flavicans LeConteAnthicus floralis (Linnaeus)Anthicus formicarius (Goeze)Anthicus hastatus CaseyAnthicus punctulatus LeConteAnthicus scabriceps LeConteAnthribidaeAraecerus fasciculatus (DeGeer)BostrichidaeDinoderus minutus (Fabricius)Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius)BruchidaeAcanthoscelides obtectus (Say)Bruchus pisorum (Linnaeus)CerylonidaeMurmidius ovalis (Beck)CleridaeNecrobia rufipes (DeGeer)Necrobia violacea (Linnaeus)CryptophagidaeAtomaria acutangulus GyllenhalCryptophagus cellaris (Scopoli)Cryptophagus laticollis LucasCryptophagus obsoletus ReitterCryptophagus pilosus GyllenhalCryptophagus saginatus Sturm9 Trogoderma inclusum LeConteTrogoderma sinistrum FallTrogoderma sternale JayneTrogoderma variabile BallionEndomychidaeMycetaea subterranea (Fabricius)HisteridaeCarcinops pumilio (Erichson)

10 Gnathoncus nanus (Scriba)LathridiidaeAridius nodifer (Westwood)Cartodere constricta (Gyllenhal)Corticaria arga (Reitter)Dienerella costulata (Reitter)Dienerella filiformis (Gyllenhal)Dienerella filum (Aub )Dienerella ruficollis (Marsham)Enicmus fictus FallEnicmus mimus FallLathridius minutus (Linnaeus)Melanophthalma bergrothi (Reitter)MycetophagidaeLitargus balteatus LeConteMycetophagus quadriguttatus MullerTyphaea stercorea (Linnaeus)NitidulidaeCarpophilus brachypterus (Say)Carpophilus hemipterus (Linnaeus)Glischrochilus fasciatus (Olivier)Glischrochilus quadrisignatus (Say)Nitidula bipunctata (Linnaeus)Nitidula ziczac SayOmosita colon (Linnaeus)Omosita discoidea (Fabricius)PtinidaeGibbium aequinoctiale BoieldieuMezium affine BoieldieuNiptus hololeucus (Faldermann)Pseudeurostus hilleri (Reitter)Ptinus bicinctus SturmPtinus clavipes PanzerPtinus fur (Linnaeus)Ptinus ocellus BrownPtinus raptor SturmPtinus villiger (Reitter)Sphaericus gibboides (Boieldieu)Tipnus unicolor (Piller &Mitterpacher)Trigonogenius globulus SolierRhizophagidaeMonotoma longicollis GyllenhalMonotoma picipes HerbstTenebrionidaeAlphitobius diaperinus (Panzer)Alphitobius laevigatus (Fabricius)Alphitophagus bifasciatus (Say)Blapstinus substriatus ChampionCynaeus angustus (LeConte)Gnatocerus cornutus (Fabricius)Palorus ratzeburgii (Wissmann)Palorus subdepressus (Wollaston)