Behaviour change: individual approaches

1 Behaviour change : individualapproachesIssued: January 2014 NICE public health guidance has accredited the process used by the Centre for Public Health Excellence at NICE to produceguidance. Accreditation is valid for 5 years from January 2010 and applies to guidance producedsince April 2009 using the processes described in NICE's 'Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance' (2009). More information on accreditation can be viewed at NICE 2014 ContentsWhat is this guidance about?..61 1 Develop a local Behaviour change policy and 2 Ensure organisation policies, strategies, resources and training all supportbehaviour 3 Commission interventions from services willing to share intervention details 4 Commission high quality, effective Behaviour change 5 Plan Behaviour change interventions and programmes taking local needs 6 Develop acceptable.

2 Practical and sustainable Behaviour change interventionsand 7 Use proven Behaviour change techniques when designing 8 Ensure interventions meet individual 9 Deliver very brief, brief, extended brief and high intensity Behaviour changeinterventions and 10 Ensure Behaviour change is maintained for at least a 11 Commission training for all staff involved in helping to change people' 12 Provide training for Behaviour change 13 Provide training for health and social care 14 Assess Behaviour change practitioners and provide 15 Monitor Behaviour change 16 Evaluate Behaviour change 17 National support for Behaviour change interventions and Who should take action?

3 Should do what at a should take action in change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014. All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 2 of 813 Behaviour - change policy and quality-assured Behaviour change Behaviour change change Recommendations for Related NICE change competency change change change change , opportunity and architecture change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014. All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 3 of 81 Community-level brief and and Behaviour change brief Summary of the methods used to develop this the the PDG formulated the The change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014.

4 All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 4 of 81 How the evidence and expert papers link to the Gaps in the Membership of the Programme Development Group (PDG) and the NICE project Development project this does this guidance cover?..76 How was this guidance developed?..77 What evidence is the guidance based on?..77 Status of this the change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014. All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 5 of 81 What is this guidance about?

5 This guidance makes recommendations onindividual-level Behaviour change interventionsaimed at changing the behaviours that can damage people's health. It includes a range ofapproaches for people aged 16 and over, from single interventions delivered as the opportunityarises to planned, high intensity interventions that may take place over a number of guidance aims to help tackle a range of behaviours including alcohol misuse, poor eatingpatterns, lack of physical activity, unsafe sexual Behaviour and smoking. These behaviours arelinked to health problems and chronic diseases (such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetesand cancer).

6 This means interventions that help people change have considerable potential forimproving health and wellbeing. This includes helping them to:improve their diet and become more physically activelose weight if they are overweight or obesestop smokingreduce their alcohol intakepractice safe sex to prevent unwanted pregnancies and a range of infectious diseases suchas HIV and recommendations should be implemented together, using aperson-centred approachandtaking into account duties set out in theEquality Act 2010. They are for all those involved inhelping people to change their Behaviour .

7 This includes those who provide training on behaviourchange. (For further details, seeWho should take action?). In addition, they may be of interest tomembers of the this guidancefor details of how the guidance was developed and its current change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014. All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 6 of 811 RecommendationsRecommendation 1 Develop a local Behaviour changepolicy and strategyNational and local policy makers and commissioners of Behaviour change services and theirpartners (seeWho should take action?)

8 Should:Ensure policies and strategies aim to improve everyone's health and health equity audit to ensure health inequalities will not increase, and if possible willdecrease as a result of the local Behaviour change strategy and related programmes andinterventions. (See NICE's local government briefing on health inequalities and populationhealth for information abouthealth equity audit.)Develop a commissioning strategy, linked to relevant policies, for an evidence-basedbehaviour change programmeof population, community, organisational and individual -levelbehaviour change interventions.

9 For example, see NICE guidance note thatBehaviour change : the principles for effective interventions(NICE publichealth guidance 6, 2007) recommends delivering individual interventions in tandem withcomplementary activities at the population, community and organisational with the local community to develop the strategy (seeCommunity engagement, NICE public health guidance 9).Ensure the strategy, and any related policies, are sustainable and meet local needs,identified through joint strategic needs assessments (JSNAs) and other local the behaviours the strategy will address, and theoutcomesit aims to achieve.

10 Bearin mind that some interventions and programmes can address more than 1 Behaviour (forexample, sexual Behaviour and alcohol consumption).Ensure the content, scale and intensity of each intervention is proportionate to the level ofsocial, economic or environmental disadvantage someone faces and the support they need(proportionate universalism). Behaviour change : individual approachesNICE public health guidance 49 NICE 2014. All rights reserved. Last modified January 2014 Page 7 of 81 Identify a leader within each local authority area, for example, the director of public health oran elected member of cabinet, to address specific behaviours (such as smoking andphysical activity).