BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES – AN OVERVIEW

1 IJRPC 2011, 1(3) Ramanpreet et al. ISSN: 2231 2781. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY. Available online at Review Article BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AN OVERVIEW . Ramanpreet Walia1*, Md. Hedaitullah1, Syeda Farha Naaz1, Khalid Iqbal1 and HS. Lamba2. 1 HIMT College of Pharmacy, Gr Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2H R Institute of pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. *Corresponding Author: ABSTRACT. BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES play important role in medical field with so many Pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic and anticancer activity .

2 The potency of these clinically useful drugs in treatment of microbial infections and other activities encouraged the development of some more potent and significant compounds. Benzimidazoles are remarkably effective compounds, extensive biochemical and pharmacological studies have confirmed that these molecules are effective against various strains of microorganisms. This review is summarized to know about the chemistry of different DERIVATIVES of substituted benzimidazoles along with their pharmacological activities. Keywords: Substituted Benzimidazoles, Chemistry, Pharmacological activities.

3 INTRODUCTION. BENZIMIDAZOLE is a heterocyclic aromatic and cyclised compound which resulted in organic compound. It is an important compounds with increased stability, pharmacophore and a privileged structure in bioavailability and significant biological medicinal chemistry. This compound is activity3,4 It was also showed that substitution bicyclic in nature which consists of the fusion on pyridine by electron donating group of benzene and imidazole. Nowadays is a increases activity . In 1991 BENZIMIDAZOLE moiety of choice which possesses many DERIVATIVES were synthesized by derivatization pharmacological properties.

4 The most at N-H of BENZIMIDAZOLE by electron donating prominent BENZIMIDAZOLE compound in nature group and substitution with long chain of is N-ribosyl-dimethylbenzimidazole, which propyl, acetamido, thio, thiazole-amino, serves as an axial ligand for cobalt in vitamin tetramethyl piperidine on pyridine resulting [1] in good antiulcer activity5,6. Nowadays Infectious microbial diseases are causing problems world-wide, because of resistance to number of antimicrobial agents ( -lactam antibiotics, macrolides, quinolones, and vancomycin). A variety of clinically 1H- BENZIMIDAZOLE [1] significant species of microorganisms has become an important health problem Study on Structural modifications and their globally7.

5 One way to fight with this challenge pharmacological actions is the appropriate usage of the available The use of BENZIMIDAZOLE dates many years marketed antibiotics the other is the back2. In 1990 various BENZIMIDAZOLE development of novel anti-microbial agents8. DERIVATIVES were synthesized with substitution Hence, there will always be a vital need to of fluorine, propylene, tetrahydroquinoline discover new chemotherapeutic agents to 565. IJRPC 2011, 1(3) Ramanpreet et al. ISSN: 2231 2781. overcome the emergence of resistance and Antimicrobial & antibacterial effects: - ideally shorten the duration of therapy.

6 Due Literature survey shows that among the to the structural similarity to purine, BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES , 2-substituted ones antibacterial ability of benzimidazoles are are found to be pharmacologically more explained by their competition with purines potent and hence the design and synthesis of resulting in inhibition of the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles are the potential bacterial nucleic acids and proteins. 9, 10 area of [2]. Some widely used antibacterial drugs such as Some oxadiazol-1H- BENZIMIDAZOLE has been furacilin, furazolidone and ftivazide are reported to possess antimicrobial activities.

7 Known to contain this group25. In past The compounds also showed moderate decades, hydrazones have received much activity against tested Extensive attention and many studies 26-31 have been biochemical and pharmacological studies have reported due to their chemotherapeutic value confirmed that its DERIVATIVES are effective in the development of novel anti- microbial against various strains of agents. A series of 1, 2-disubstituted-1H- 24[3]. In a study it was reported that by BENZIMIDAZOLE -N alkylated- 5-carboxamidine modifying the amide group to the anilide on DERIVATIVES are very potent antibacterial the 2-phenyl BENZIMIDAZOLE produces activities against S.

8 Aureus and methicillin antimicrobial Hydrazone is another resistant S. The study revealed the considerable pharmacophore group for best activity , with MIC values of - antimicrobial activity . g/mL against these species. Various Chloro and dichloro substituted BENZIMIDAZOLE also possess antibacterial HIV Inhibtors:- Tetrahydro-imidazo[4,5,l- jk][1,4]-benzodiazepin-2 (1H)one (TIBO) is a noncompetitive non nucleotide antiretroviral N-alkyl and N-acyl DERIVATIVES of 2-(4- drug with a specific allosteric binding site of thiazolyl)-1H- BENZIMIDAZOLE [3] HIV-1 RT. TIBO DERIVATIVES have proved to be potent, highly selective and specific inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in vitro.

9 The reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1, but not HIV-2, is inhibited by the TIBO compounds. Several compounds other than TIBO have recently been reported to specifically inhibit HIV-1. replication. In a research it was investigated that some novel BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES , bearing analogy to TIBO, have been synthesized, and were evaluated for inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity. The most active and selective compounds are a series of N-alkoxy- 2-alkyl-benzimidazoles, several having EC50 <. 10 m (one sub-micromolar at 600nM), and selectivity ratios of 10 167. The selective [3] benzimidazoles, show modest RT [4].

10 566. IJRPC 2011, 1(3) Ramanpreet et al. ISSN: 2231 2781. SMe CH3. X. H3C N. N SMe N. 1 N O. N N 1 N O R. R. N. CH3 X. RN. CH3. 2. R. 2 X=Vinyl, Aryl R. CH3 HN. H3C. CH2. R=Ts [4]. Antiparasitic effect:- 2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H- DERIVATIVES were designed, synthesized, and BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES showed the most evaluated for their activities against four desirable in vitro antiparasitic profile against Kinds of enteroviruses, , Coxsackie virus Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, A16, B3, B6 and Enteroviruses 71 in VERO. Trichomonas vaginalis and Trichinella cells.