Biology Chapter 7 - faculty.spokanefalls.edu

1 Biology Chapter 7 Fill-in-the-Blanks(1) _____obtain carbon and energy from the physical environment; their carbon source is(2)_____. (3) _____ autotrophs obtain energy fromsunlight. T. (4) _____demonstrated that aerobic bacteria moved to the regions of a strand2of Spirogyra where red and (5) _____light was falling on the strand; O was producedhere. (6) _____ feed on autotrophs, each other, and organic wastes;representatives include (7) _____, fungi, many protistans, and most energy stored in organic compounds such as glucose may be released by severalpathways, the pathway known as (8) _____ releases the most In the space below, supply the missing information to complete the summary equation forphotosynthesis: 2 26126 12 _____ + CO > + O + CHO10.

2 Supply the appropriate information to state the equation for photosynthesis (above) in words:(a) _____ molecules of water plus six molecules of(b)_____ (in the presence of pigments, enzymes, and sunlight) yield sixmolecules of (c)_____ plus one molecule of (d) _____plus (e)_____ molecules of two major sets of reactions of photosynthesis are the (11)_____ reactions andthe (12) _____ reactions. (13)_____and (14) _____ are the reactants of photosynthesis, and the end product isusually given as (15) _____. The internal membranes and channels of thechloroplast form the (16)_____ membrane and are organized into stacks,called (17) _____. Spaces inside the thylakoid disks and channelsform a continuous compartment where (18) _____ions accumulate to beused to produce ATP. The semifluid interior area surrounding the thylakoid is known as the (19) _____ and is the area where the products of photosynthesis areproduced.

3 Although glucose is commonly listed as the end product of photosynthesis, littleglucose is actually found in the cells, since the glucose phosphate produced is quickly convertedinto (20) _____, (21) _____, and (22) thylakoid membrane b. stroma23. ____ Light-independent reactions24. ____ Sugars are assembled25. ____ Light-dependent reactions26. _____ ATP production27. _____ Carbon dioxide provides the carbon28. _____ Sunlight energy is absorbed 29. _____ Water molecules are split30. _____ NADPH delivers the hydrogen received from water31. _____ Oxygen is formed Fill-in-the-BlanksThe light-capturing phase of photosynthesis takes place on a system of (1) _____membranes. A(n) (2) _____ is a packet of light energy. Thylakoid membranescontain (3) _____, which absorb photons of light.

4 The principal pigmentsare the (4) _____, which reflect green wavelengths but absorb (5) _____and (6) _____ wavelengths. (7)_____ are pigments thatabsorb violet and blue wavelengths but reflect yellow, orange, and cluster of 200 to 300 ofthese pigment proteins is a(n) (8) Choose the most appropriate ____ Chlorophyll 10. ____ accessory pigments 11. _____ carotenoids 12. ____ violet blue green yellow red 13. ____ photons 14. ____ Chloroplast15. ____ phycobilins 16. ____ thylakoid17. ____ pigmentsA. Packets of energy that have an undulating motion through spaceB. The two stages of photosynthesis occur hereC. Molecules that can absorb lightD. Absorb violet and blue wavelengths but transmit red, orange, and yellowE.

5 Visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrumF. Pigments that transfer energy to chlorophyll aG. Absorb violet-to-blue and red wavelengths; the reason leaves appear greenH. Red and blue pigments I. The site of the first stage of photosynthesisLabelingThe following diagram illustrates noncyclic photophosphorylation. Identify each numbered part of the forms in both the cyclic and noncyclic pathways. When (9)_____ flowthrough the membrane-bound transport systems, the systems also pick up hydrogen ions (H )outside the membrane and shunt them into the (10)_____ . compartment. Thissets up Hf-concentration and electric (11) _____ across the ions that were split away from (12)_____ molecules increase thegradients. The ions respond by flowing out through the interior of (13) _____ proteins that span the membrane.

6 Energy associated with the flow drives the binding of unboundphosphate (F1) to ADP, the result being (14) _____ . The above description isknown as the (15)_____ theory of ATP formation. The noncyclic pathway alsoproduces (16) _____ by using (17) _____ from water and Hions from the thylakoid compartment to reduce and MatchIdentify each part of the following illustration. Complete the exercise bymatching and entering the letter of the proper function description in the parentheses followingeach label. 1. _____( )2. _____( )3. _____( )4. _____( )5. _____( )6. _____( )7. _____( ) ( ) ( )A. A three-carbon sugar, the first sugar produced; goes on to form sugar phosphate and RuBPB. Typically used at once to form carbohydrate end products of photosynthesis2C.

7 A five-carbon compound produced from PGALs; attaches to incoming COD. A compound that diffuses into leaves; attached to RuBP by enzymes in photosynthetic cellsE. Includes all the chemical reactions that fix carbon into an organic compoundF. Three-carbon compounds formed from the splitting of the six-carbon intermediate compoundC. A molecule that was reduced in the noncyclic pathway; furnishes hydrogen atoms to construct sugar moleculesH. A product of the light-dependent reactions; necessary in the light-independent reactions to energize molecules in metabolic pathways2I. Includes all the chemistry that fixes CO converts PGA to PGAL and PGAL to RuBP and sugar phosphatesSelf-Quiz_____ 1. The electrons that are passed to NADPH during the noncyclic pathway of photo synthesis were obtained from2a.

8 Waterb. COd. sunlightc. glucose_____ 2. The cyclic pathway of the light- dependentreactions functions mainly to _____ . a. fix CO2b. make ATPc. produce PGAL d. regenerate ribulose bisphosphate____ 3. Chemosynthetic autotrophs obtain energy by oxidizing such inorganic substances as _____ . a. PGA b. PGALc. sulfurd. water_____ 4. The ultimate electron and hydrogen acceptorin noncyclic photophosphorylation is_____ .22a. NADP b. ADP c. O d. HO____ 5. C4 plants have an advantage in hot, dryconditions because _____a. their leaves are covered with thicker wax layers than those of C3 plantsb. their stomates open wider than those of C3 plants, thus cooling their surfacesc. they have a two-step CO2 fixation that reduces photorespirationd. they are also capable of carrying on photo-respiration_____ 6.

9 Chlorophyll isa. on the outer chloroplast membraneb. inside the mitochondriac. in the stromad. in the thylakoid membrane system_____ 7. Which of the following is applicable to C3plants?a. At the end of carbon fixation, the intermediatecompound is At the end of carbon fixation, the intermediate compound is They are more sensitive to cold temperatures than are C4 Corn, crabgrass, and sugarcane are examples of C3 8. Plant cells produce 0 during photosynthesis by . 2a. splitting COb. splitting waterc. degradation of the stromad. breaking up sugar molecules_____ 9. Plants need and _____ to carry onphotosynthesis. a. oxygen; water2b. oxygen; CO22c. C0 H0d. sugar; water_____ 10. The two products of the light-dependentreactions that are required for the light-independentchemistry are _____ and 2 2a.

10 C0;H0 b. 02; NADPH2 c. 0;ATP d. ATP; NADPH