Bringing Quantum Sensors to Fruition

1 Bringing Quantum Sensors TO Fruition . Bringing Quantum . Sensors TO Fruition . A Report by the SUBCOMMITTEE ON Quantum INFORMATION SCIENCE. COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE. of the NATIONAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL. MARCH 2022. i . Bringing Quantum Sensors TO Fruition . About the Office of Science and Technology Policy The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) was established by the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 to provide the President and others within the Executive Office of the President with advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of the economy, national security, homeland security, health, foreign relations, the environment, and the technological recovery and use of resources, among other topics.

2 OSTP leads interagency science and technology policy coordination efforts, assists the Office of Management and Budget with an annual review and analysis of Federal R&D in budgets, and serves as a source of scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs of the Federal Government. For more information see About the National Science and Technology Council The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) is the principal means by which the Executive Branch coordinates science and technology policy across the diverse entities that make up the Federal research and development (R&D) enterprise.

3 A primary objective of the NSTC is to ensure science and technology policy decisions and programs are consistent with the President's stated goals. The NSTC. prepares R&D strategies that are coordinated across Federal agencies aimed at accomplishing multiple national goals. The work of the NSTC is organized under committees that oversee subcommittees and working groups focused on different aspects of science and technology. More information is available at About the NSTC Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science (SCQIS) was legislated by the National Quantum Initiative Act and coordinates Federal R&D in Quantum information science and related technologies under the auspices of the NSTC Committee on Science.

4 The aim of this R&D coordination is to maintain and expand leadership in Quantum information science and its applications over the next decade. For more information see About this Document This report augments the National Strategy for Quantum Information Science (QIS) by expanding upon policy topics outlined in the National Strategic Overview for QIS. Recommendations herein were developed by the SCQIS with input from its Quantum Sensors Interagency Working Group activity. About the Cover An artist's rendition of an electron in the Advanced Cold Molecule Electron-EDM (ACME) experiment.

5 Quantum Sensors , such as ACME, can serve as powerful probes for physics beyond the standard model of elementary particles, in this case by searching for a permanent electric dipole moment of the electron aligned with its spin axis. Credit: Nicolle R. Fuller, NSF Copyright Information This document is a work of the United States Government and is in the public domain (see 17 105). Subject to the stipulations below, it may be distributed and copied with acknowledgment to OSTP. Copyrights to graphics included in this document are reserved by the original copyright holders or their assignees and are used here under the Government's license and by permission.

6 Requests to use any images must be made to the provider identified in the image credits or to OSTP if no provider is identified. Published in the United States of America, 2022. i Bringing Quantum Sensors TO Fruition . NATIONAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL. Chair Acting Executive Director Alondra Nelson, Performing the Duties of the Kei Koizumi, Principal Deputy Director for Director, OSTP Policy, OSTP. COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE. Co-Chairs Alondra Nelson, Performing the Duties of the Director, OSTP. Lawrence Tabak, Acting Director, NIH. Sethuraman Panchanathan, Director, NSF.

7 SUBCOMMITTEE ON Quantum INFORMATION SCIENCE. Co-Chairs Executive Secretary Charles Tahan, OSTP Denise Caldwell, NSF. J. Stephen Binkley, DOE. James Kushmerick, NIST. Sean Jones, NSF. Members Michael Hayduk, AFRL Geetha Senthil, NIH. John Burke, DOD Carl Williams, NIST (Through Dec. 2021). Barbara Helland, DOE Denise Caldwell, NSF. Jalal Mapar, DHS Barry Barker, NSA. Tanya Trujillo, DOI John Beieler, ODNI. Esha Mathew, DOS Tali Bar-Shalom, OMB. Catherine Marsh, IARPA Yi Pei, OMB. Nasser Barghouty, NASA Debora Katz, USPTO. Rupak Biswas, NASA Matt Such, USPTO.

8 NATIONAL Quantum COORDINATION OFFICE. Director Staff Charles Tahan, OSTP Alexander Cronin, OSTP. Tanner Crowder, OSTP. Corey Stambaugh, OSTP. Thomas Wong, OSTP. ii Bringing Quantum Sensors TO Fruition . Quantum Sensors INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ACTIVITY. Co-Chairs from the End-User IWG Co-Chairs from the Science IWG. Jalal Mapar, DHS Denise Caldwell, NSF. Geetha Senthil, NIH Alexander Cronin, OSTP. Corey Stambaugh, OSTP. Participants Ernest Wong, DHS Tim Quinn, DOI USGS. John Burke, DOD Karen Van Dyke, DOT. Grace Metcalfe, DOD AFOSR Tom Walsh, FBI.

9 Spencer Olson, DOD AFRL Michael Di Rosa, IARPA. Maxwell Gregoire, DOD AFRL Nicole Bohannon, LPS. Paul Kunz, DOD ARL Rupak Biswas, NASA. Fredrik Fatemi, DOD ARL Bradley Carpenter, NASA. Peter Reynolds, DOD ARO Gurusingham Sittampalam, NIH. Tatjana Curcic, DOD DARPA Kartik Srinivasan, NIST. Joanna Ptasinski, DOD Navy John Kitching, NIST. Stephen Potashnik, DOD Navy Derek Van Westrum, NOAA. Craig Hoffman, DOD NRL Dan Roman, NOAA. Gerald Borsuk, DOD NRL Nadia El-Masry, NSF ENG. Roberto Diener, DOD ONR Kelsey Cook, NSF CHE. Jean-Luc Cambier, DOD OUSD(R&E) John Gillaspy, NSF PHY.

10 Jon Hoffman, DOD Jim Edgar, NSF DMR. Athena Sefat, DOE BES Yi Pei, OMB. Lali Chatterjee, DOE HEP Phil Purdy, USDA. Ashton Flinders, DOI USGS. iii Bringing Quantum Sensors TO Fruition . Table of Contents About the National Science and Technology Council .. i Table of Contents ..iv Abbreviations and Acronyms .. v Executive Summary ..vi I. introduction .. 1. II. Quantum Sensor Exemplars .. 3. III. Recommendations for Bringing Quantum Sensors to Fruition .. 9. Recommendation 1: Agencies leading QIST R&D should accelerate the development of new Quantum sensing approaches and prioritize appropriate partnerships with end users to elevate the technology readiness of new Quantum Sensors .