BUILDING A CAPABLE, CAREER-ORIENTED AND …

1 BUILDING A CAPABLE, career -ORIENTEDAND professional PUBLICSERVICE TO UNDERPIN ACAPABLE AND DEVELOPMENTALSTATE IN SOUTH AFRICAD iscussion Document May 2016 VisionMission A champion of Public Service excellence in democratic governance in South promote the consititutionally enshrined democratic values and principles throughout the Public Service by- investigating, monitoring and evaluating the organisation and administration, and personnel practices; proposing measures to ensure the effective and efficient performance; issuing directions with regard to personnel procedures relating to the recruitment, transfers, promotions and dismissals; advising on personnel practices; and reporting on its A capable , CAREER-ORIENTED And professional Public Service To Underpin A capable And Developmental State in South Africa Discussion Document Published in the Republic of South Africa by: THE PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION ABSA TOWERS Cnr.

2 Pretorious & Lilian Ngoyi StreetsPretoria Central 0083 Private Bag X 121 Pretoria Tel: (012) 352 1000 Fax: (012) 321 3348 Email: Anti-Corruption Hotline: 0800 701 701 (Toll-Free)Compiled by Branch: Monitoring and Evaluation Distributed by: Directorate Communications and Information Services Printed by: Mailtronic Direct Marketing RP138/2016 ISBN: 978-0-621-445794iTABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF ACRONYMSFOREWORDEXECUTIVE SUMMARY vvivii 513171911iiPART A: SETTING THE SCENE FOR BUILDING A capable , CAREER-ORIENTED AND professional PUBLIC SERVICECHAPTER 1: Rationale of the Project Mandate of the PSC Objectives of the Structure of the Expected Outcomes of the Project 22233344 CHAPTER 2: REFLECTIONS ON THE SOUTH AFRICAN PUBLIC SERVICE TRANSFORMATION JOURNEY SINCE 1994 AND THE ROAD AHEAD Addressing a Divided A Rule-Bound Public Service Appointments on Policy Considerations Some Achievements Along the Transformation Problem Statement 6678912 CHAPTER 3.

3 UNDERSTANDING KEY ATTRIBUTES OF DEVELOPMENTAL STATES Development Characteristics of the Developmental State in the South African Context Definition of a Developmental The Nature and Character of Developmental State Institutions Lessons Learnt 1414151516 PART B: ELEMENTS FOR BUILDING A capable , CAREER-ORIENTED AND professional PUBLIC SERVICE CHAPTER 4: A VALUES DRIVEN PUBLIC South African Constitutional Values and Complexity, Uncertainty, and Rapid Change of the Public The Importance of the Values and Recommendations20202122iiiCHAPTER 5: The Nature of Recruitment: A Comparative Perspective in Developmental Who appoints?

4 Appointment requirements: Education profiles of public servants in developmental The Nature of Recruitment in South Appointment of members of the senior management Appointment of Directors-General/Deputy Directors-General and Heads of Appointments on policy Who appoints? Problem Recommendations2424252627282829292929303 131323233 CHAPTER 6: PROMOTION AND career PATH COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE IN DEVELOPMENTAL STATES Comparative Appointment until Internal promotion on the basis of seniority and Predictable career Rotation between departments and other Key Features in the career System in South Advertisement of Selection Promotion requirements career Capacity Problem Recommendations3636363637373737373838383 9 CHAPTER 7.

5 ROLE OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Key Features of the Performance Management System in South Problem Fundamental problems 434343474848 CHAPTER 8: COMPETENCIES OF PUBLIC SERVICE LEADERSHIP 51 Overview of Competency Framework from Selected Countries Recommendations Implementation problems Conclusion Prestige of the bureaucracySelection method Key features of recruitment and selection Employment equity Competency assessment Selection method Appointment Lessons from China and Competencies of Public Service Leadership in a Developmental State Problem Recommendations525253535454 CHAPTER 9.

6 POLITICAL-ADMINISTRATIVE Insulation in Comparative Perspective: Study Other Experiences: OECD Countries The Political-Administrative Interface in South Managing the career Incidents of Weaknesses in the Current A Head of the Public Problem Recommendations5657575859606060616263636 5 NOTECHAPTER 10: CAPACITATION/TRAINING AND ITS FUNDING IN THE PUBLIC Problem Lessons from Developmental Training and Development in the Public Service in South Constitutional, legislative and policy Provision and funding of training and development in the public Recommendations686869707173 NOTECHAPTER 11: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC SERVICE Comparative experiences of Public Service Commissions in Developmental Roles and functions of The PSC in South Africa Recommendation 767676787879 CHAPTER 12: CONCLUSION REFERENCES ANNEXURES Annexure A: Recruitment Annexure B: career path and promotion Annexure C: Political-administrative interface Annexure D.

7 Competencies indicator 828788909192ivHistorical contextClear division of labourRole of politicians in senior appointments Public service neutrality and responsivenessRole clarificationChina Executive Leadership Academy Pudong (CELAP) and Chinese Academy of Governance (CAG)Razak School of Government and National Institute of Public Administration (INTAN) Establishment: Enabling legislationList of AcronymsANCCORECSCSCDDGDGDPMEDPSAEAEPUHo DHRHRMKPAKRAMISSMMSMOHRSSMOSPAMPSANPCNDP NTOECDOPSOSDPAPERSALPFMAPMDSPSPSAPSCPSGS ACSSCSSETASGSITASMSSOETVETUSAA frican National Congress Code of Remuneration Civil ServantsCivil Service Commission Deputy Director-General Director-GeneralDepartment of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation Department of Public Service and AdministrationExecutive Authority Economic Planning Unit Head of DepartmentHuman Resource Human Resource Management Key Performance AreaKey Result AreaMinimum Information Security System Middle Management Service Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Ministry of Security and Public Administration

8 Minister for Public Service and AdministrationNational Planning Commission National Developmental Plan National TreasuryOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOpen Post System Occupation Specific DispensationPerformance Agreement Personnel and Salary SystemPublic Finance Management Act 1999 Performance Management and Development System Permanent Secretary Public Service Act, 1994 as amended by Act 30 of 2007 Public Service CommissionProfessional Skills for Government State Administration of Civil Service Senior Civil ServiceSector Education and Training AuthoritySecretary-General State Information Technology Agency Senior Management ServiceState-Owned EnterpriseTechnical and Vocational Education and Training United States of America vThe PSC's mandate places it in a unique position to stand back from the daily cut and thrust of public administration and review all aspects of the public service and its performance.

9 The PSC intends to become an activist commission that actively promotes a particular view of public service, which is based on continuous research, investigation and evaluation. Hence this discussion PSC will now subject this discussion document to vigorous debate amongst all stakeholders with a specific interest in the character of the public service and its performance. The outcome of the discussion will be a Strategic Framework containing specific recommendations of the PSC on the direction of change of the public service to make it a better instrument to serve South Africa and its people. The PSC is indebted to the governments of Botswana, Brazil, the People's Republic of China, Malaysia and Mauritius for sharing their experiences in BUILDING a capable and developmental public service.

10 Equally, we are grateful to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in South Africa, Brazil, Malaysia and China for its assistance in the different aspects of this study. In addition, the PSC is grateful to South Africa's Department of International Relations and Co-operation (DIRCO) and its diplomatic missions in the countries visited for their advice, guidance and support in putting together itineraries. A special word of appreciation goes to the following South African Heads of Mission for a warm welcome and strategic leadership:The role that the state and public institutions generally, and the public service in particular, play in development is currently high on the public agenda. The government has made a conscious choice that South Africa must become a capable and developmental state, and the National Development Plan (NDP) gives specific attention to the capabilities of such a developmental state.