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C++: The Complete Reference, 4th Edition - Free

C++:The Complete Reference, Fourth EditionAbout the AuthorHerbert Schildt is theworld s leading programmingauthor. He is an authority on the C, C++, Java, and C#languages, and is a master Windows programmer. Hisprogramming books have sold more than 3 millioncopies worldwide and have been translated into allmajor foreign languages. He is the author of numerousbestsellers, includingC++: TheComplete reference , C#:The Complete reference , Java 2: The Complete Reference, C: The Complete reference , C++ from the Ground Up,C++: A Beginner s Guide, C#: A Beginner s Guide,andJava 2: A Beginner s Guide. Schildt holds a master sdegree in computer science from the University ofIllinois. He can be reached at his consulting office at(217) 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. Click here for terms of use. C++:The Complete Reference, Fourth EditionHerbert SchildtMcGraw-Hill/OsborneNew York Chicago San FranciscoLisbon London Madrid Mexico CityMilan New Delhi San JuanSeoul Singapore Sydney TorontoCopyright 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies.

C++: The Complete Reference, Fourth Edition. About the Author Herbert Schildt is the world’s leading programming author. He is an authority on the C, C++, Java, and C# languages, and is a master Windows programmer. His programming books have sold more than 3 million

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Transcription of C++: The Complete Reference, 4th Edition - Free

1 C++:The Complete Reference, Fourth EditionAbout the AuthorHerbert Schildt is theworld s leading programmingauthor. He is an authority on the C, C++, Java, and C#languages, and is a master Windows programmer. Hisprogramming books have sold more than 3 millioncopies worldwide and have been translated into allmajor foreign languages. He is the author of numerousbestsellers, includingC++: TheComplete reference , C#:The Complete reference , Java 2: The Complete Reference, C: The Complete reference , C++ from the Ground Up,C++: A Beginner s Guide, C#: A Beginner s Guide,andJava 2: A Beginner s Guide. Schildt holds a master sdegree in computer science from the University ofIllinois. He can be reached at his consulting office at(217) 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. Click here for terms of use. C++:The Complete Reference, Fourth EditionHerbert SchildtMcGraw-Hill/OsborneNew York Chicago San FranciscoLisbon London Madrid Mexico CityMilan New Delhi San JuanSeoul Singapore Sydney TorontoCopyright 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies.

2 All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as per-mitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by anymeans, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-150239-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarkedname, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs.

3 For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ( McGraw-Hill ) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve onecopy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, trans-mit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill s prior consent. You may use thework for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may beterminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED AS IS.

4 McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TOTHE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK,INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE,AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WAR-RANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrantor guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, inthe work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed throughthe work.

5 Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, conse-quential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibil-ity of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in con-tract, tort or otherwise. DOI: hope you enjoy thisMcGraw-Hill eBook! Ifyou d like more information about this book,its author, or related books and websites,please click to learn more?Contents at a GlancePart IThe Foundation of C++: The C Subset1An Overview of C ..32 Expressions ..133 Statements ..574 Arrays and Null-Terminated Strings ..895 Pointers ..1136 Functions ..1377 Structures, Unions, Enumerations,and User-Defined Types.

6 1618C-Style Console I/O ..1879 File I/O ..21110 The Preprocessor and Comments ..237 Part IIC++11An Overview of C++ ..25512 Classes and Objects ..289v13 Arrays, Pointers, References, and the DynamicAllocation Operators ..32514 Function Overloading, Copy Constructors,and Default Arguments ..35915 Operator Overloading ..38316 Inheritance ..41717 Virtual Functions and Polymorphism ..44318 Templates ..45919 Exception Handling ..48720 The C++ I/O System Basics ..50921C++ File I/O ..53922 Run-Time Type ID and the Casting Operators ..56723 Namespaces, Conversion Functions,and Other Advanced Topics ..59124 Introducing the Standard Template Library ..629 Part IIIThe Standard Function Library25 The C-Based I/O Functions ..69926 The String and Character Functions ..72327 The Mathematical Functions ..73728 Time, Date, and Localization Functions.

7 74729 The Dynamic Allocation Functions ..75730 Utility Functions ..76131 The Wide-Character Functions ..775 Part IVThe Standard C++ Class Library32 The Standard C++ I/O Classes ..78733 The STL Container Classes ..81134 The STL Algorithms ..83935 STL Iterators, Allocators, and Function Objects ..86136 The String Class ..88137 The Numeric Classes ..89738 Exception Handling and Miscellaneous Classes ..925viC++: The Complete ReferencePart VApplying C++39 Integrating New Classes: A Custom String Class ..93540 Parsing Expressions ..963 AThe .NET Managed Extensions to C++ ..999BC++ and the Robotics Age .. 1005 Index.. 1009 Contents at a GlanceviiThis page intentionally left blank ContentsIntroduction..xxixPart IThe Foundation of C++: The C Subset1An Overview of C ..3 The Origins and History of C ..4C Is a Middle-Level Language.

8 5C Is a Structured Language ..6C Is a Programmer s Language ..8 The Form of a C Program ..9 The Library and Linking ..10 Separate Compilation ..12 Understanding the .C and .CPP File Extensions ..122 Expressions ..13 The Five Basic Data Types ..14 Modifying the Basic Types ..15 Identifier Names ..16 Variables ..17 Where Variables Are Declared ..18 Local Variables ..18ixFor more information about this title, click herexC++: The Complete ReferenceFormal Parameters ..21 Global Variables ..21 The const and volatile Qualifiers ..23const ..23volatile ..24 Storage Class Specifiers ..25extern ..25static Variables ..28register Variables ..30 Variable Initializations ..31 Constants ..32 Hexadecimal and Octal Constants ..33 String Constants..33 Backslash Character Constants ..33 Operators ..35 The Assignment Operator.

9 35 Type Conversion in Assignments ..35 Multiple Assignments ..37 Arithmetic Operators ..37 Increment and Decrement ..38 Relational and Logical Operators ..40 Bitwise Operators ..42 The ? Operator ..47 The & and * Pointer Operators ..48 The Compile-Time Operator sizeof..50 The Comma Operator ..50 The Dot (.) and Arrow ( >) Operators ..51 The [ ] and ( ) Operators ..51 Precedence Summary ..52 Expressions ..52 Order of Evaluation ..52 Type Conversion in Expressions ..53 Casts ..54 Spacing and Parentheses ..55 Compound Assignments ..563 Statements ..57 True and False in C and C++ ..58 Selection Statements ..59if ..59 Nested ifs ..60 The if-else-if Ladder ..62 The ? Alternative ..63 The Conditional Expression ..66 Contentsxiswitch ..67 Nested switch Statements ..70 Iteration Statements.

10 70 The for Loop ..70for Loop Variations ..72 The Infinite Loop ..76for Loops with No Bodies..77 The while Loop ..77 The do-while Loop ..79 Declaring Variables Within Selection and Iteration Statements ..81 Jump Statements ..82 The return Statement ..82 The goto Statement ..83 The break Statement ..83 The exit( ) Function ..85 The continue Statement ..86 Expression Statements ..88 Block Statements ..884 Arrays and Null-Terminated Strings ..89 Single-Dimension Arrays ..90 Generating a Pointer to an Array ..92 Passing Single-Dimension Arrays to Functions ..92 Null-Terminated Strings ..94 Two-Dimensional Arrays ..96 Arrays of Strings ..100 Multidimensional Arrays ..101 Indexing Pointers ..102 Array Initialization ..105 Unsized Array Initializations ..106A Tic-Tac-Toe Example ..1085 Pointers.


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