Catecholaminergic Polymorphic What are the Ø SUDDEN …

1 What is SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest? Catecholaminergic Polymorphic What are the Occurs suddenly and often without Ventricular Tachycardia and symptoms/warning signs of warning. Brugada Syndrome other types of electrical abnormalities that are rare SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest? An electrical malfunction (short- Fainting/blackouts (especially circuit) causes the bottom chambers but run in families. during exercise). of the heart (ventricles) to beat SUDDEN dangerously fast (ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation) and NonInherited (not passed on from the family, but still present at birth).. Dizziness Unusual fatigue/weakness conditions: Chest pain CARDIAC disrupts the pumping ability of the heart. Coronary Artery Abnormalities . abnormality of the blood vessels that .. Shortness of breath Nausea/vomiting ARREST (SCA). The heart cannot pump blood to the supply blood to the heart muscle.

2 This Palpitations (heart is beating brain, lungs and other organs of the is the second most common cause of unusually fast or skipping beats). body. SUDDEN cardiac arrest in athletes in AWARENESS. Family history of SUDDEN cardiac The person loses consciousness the arrest at age < 50. (passes out) and has no pulse. FORM Death occurs within minutes if not treated immediately. Aortic valve abnormalities failure of the aortic valve (the valve between ANY of these symptoms and warning signs that occur while exercising may the heart and the aorta) to develop necessitate further evaluation from What causes SUDDEN Cardiac properly; usually causes a loud heart your physician before returning to The Basic Facts on Arrest? murmur. practice or a game. Inherited (passed on from family). SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest conditions present at birth of the Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy What is the treatment for a condition where the heart muscle heart muscle: does not develop normally.

3 SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest? Website Resources: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Time is critical and an immediate American Heart Association: hypertrophy (thickening) of the left Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome response is vital. ventricle; the most common cause of an extra conducting fiber is present in CALL 911. SUDDEN cardiac arrest in athletes in the heart's electrical system and can Begin CPR. the increase the risk of arrhythmias. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Conditions not present at birth but Cardiomyopathy replacement of acquired later in life: What are ways to screen for part of the right ventricle by fat and Commotio Cordis concussion of the SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest? Lead Author: Arnold Fenrich, MD scar; the most common cause of heart that can occur from being hit in The American Heart Association and Benjamin Levine, MD SUDDEN cardiac arrest in Italy.

4 The chest by a ball, puck, or fist. recommends a pre-participation history Marfan Syndrome a disorder of the Myocarditis infection or and physical including 14 important Additional Reviewers: UIL Medical structure of blood vessels that makes inflammation of the heart, usually cardiac elements. Advisory Committee them prone to rupture; often caused by a virus. The UIL Pre-Participation Physical associated with very long arms and Recreational/Performance- Evaluation Medical History form unusually flexible joints. Enhancing drug use. includes ALL 14 of these important Inherited conditions present at birth cardiac elements and is mandatory of the electrical system: Idiopathic: Sometimes the underlying annually. Long QT Syndrome abnormality in cause of the SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest is the ion channels (electrical system) of unknown, even after autopsy. Revised 2016 the heart.

5 1. What are the current Are there additional options Can SUDDEN Cardiac Arrest be Each school has a developed safety recommendations for screening available to screen for cardiac prevented just through proper procedure to respond to a medical emergency involving a cardiac young athletes? conditions? screening? arrest. The University Interscholastic League Additional screening using an A proper evaluation (Preparticipation requires use of the specific electrocardiogram (ECG) and/or an Physical Evaluation Medical History) The American Academy of Pediatrics Preparticipation Medical History form echocardiogram (Echo) is readily should find many, but not all, conditions recommends the AED should be placed on a yearly basis. This process begins available to all athletes from their that could cause SUDDEN death in the in a central location that is accessible with the parents and student-athletes personal physicians, but is not athlete.

6 This is because some diseases and ideally no more than a 1 to 1 1 /2. answering questions about symptoms mandatory, and is generally not are difficult to uncover and may only minute walk from any location and that during exercise (such as chest pain, recommended by either the American develop later in life. Others can develop a call is made to activate 911 emergency dizziness, fainting, palpitations or Heart Association (AHA) or the following a normal screening evaluation, system while the AED is being retrieved. shortness of breath); and questions American College of Cardiology (ACC). such as an infection of the heart muscle about family health history. Limitations of additional screening from a virus. This is why a medical Student & Parent/Guardian include the possibility (~10%) of false history and a review of the family health Signatures It is important to know if any family positives , which leads to unnecessary history need to be performed on a yearly I certify that I have read and member died suddenly during physical stress for the student and parent or basis.

7 With proper screening and understand the above information. activity or during a seizure. It is also guardian as well as unnecessary evaluation, most cases can be identified important to know if anyone in the restriction from athletic participation. and prevented. family under the age of 50 had an There is also a possibility of false Parent/Guardian Signature unexplained SUDDEN death such as negatives , since not all cardiac Why have an AED on site during drowning or car accidents. This conditions will be identified by sporting events information must be provided annually additional screening. The only effective treatment for Parent/Guardian Name (Print). because it is essential to identify those at ventricular fibrillation is immediate use risk for SUDDEN cardiac death. When should a student athlete of an automated external defibrillator see a heart specialist?

8 (AED). An AED can restore the heart The University Interscholastic League Date If a qualified examiner has concerns, a back into a normal rhythm. An AED is requires the Preparticipation Physical referral to a child heart specialist, a also life-saving for ventricular Examination form prior to junior high pediatric cardiologist, is recommended. fibrillation caused by a blow to the chest athletic participation and again prior to Student Signature This specialist may perform a more over the heart (commotio cordis). the 1st and 3rd years of high school thorough evaluation, including an participation. The required physical Texas Senate Bill 7 requires that at any electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a exam includes measurement of blood school sponsored athletic event or team graph of the electrical activity of the Student Name (Print). pressure and a careful listening practice in Texas public high schools the heart.

9 An echocardiogram, which is an examination of the heart, especially for following must be available: ultrasound test to allow for direct murmurs and rhythm abnormalities. If visualization of the heart structure, may An AED is in an unlocked location Date there are no warning signs reported on also be done. The specialist may also on school property within a the health history and no abnormalities order a treadmill exercise test and/or a reasonable proximity to the athletic discovered on exam, no additional monitor to enable a longer recording of field or gymnasium evaluation or testing is recommended the heart rhythm. None of the testing is for cardiac issues/concerns. All coaches, athletic trainers, PE. invasive or uncomfortable. teacher, nurses, band directors and cheerleader sponsors are certified in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the use of the AED.

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