第一章：纖維之種類與性質 - cec.npust.edu.tw

1 (1) (staple fiber) 1~4 inch (2) (filament fiber) , : polyacrylic nitrole : nylon 6 nylon 6 6 : polyester : diacetate fiber triacetate fiber : (viscose rayon) (cuproa rayon) : (asbestos) (glass) : : (sisal) (manila) : (flax) (hemp) (ramie) : (cotton) : (wool) (camel) : (silk) (functional group) (cellulose): ( - OH) : ( - NH2) ( -COOH) Polyamide: ( -CONH-) Polyester: ( - COO ) Polyacrylic nitrole: ( -CN) (cryatalline portions) (amorphous regions) X= ( / )x100% 15~53% (polyethrene alcohol) 30~90% (polyethrene) 50~70% (nylon) 50% (polyester) 70% (silk) 48% (wool) 30~40% (rayon) 60~70% (cotton) z : z : z : z : z.

2 (%) (%) cotton 7 flax 10~11 rayon 12~14 wool 15~16 silk 11 acetate fabric 6~7 polyester ~ nylon 3~5 polyacrylic nitrol ~6 polyethrene 4~5 polypropyrene 0 0~ 1-5 (in) 8/7~1 7/16 ( g /in) ~ ~ (dry), ~ (wet)

3 4~13 ~ (%, 70 F,65%RH)7~8 z z z z z z z z z z 90% z z z 5~6%H2SO4 50~60 C 80~90 C 1-6 210~220 C 250~260 C ( C) (%) 30~50 16~65 (%) 4~9 g ~10 (g/d) Nylon 6 Nylon 66 1-7 (g/d) ~ (%) 20~50 (%) 90~95 at 1% extension (%) 1~3 ~ 420~490 F 1-8 (g/d) ~ (%) 12~50 (%) 90~96 at 2% extension (g/d 8~25 (g/d) ~ (%) 1-9 C 105g 300 282 100 100 2x10-8 100 5x10-5 120 5x10-4 120 1x10-2 z : z : z : z.)

4 1-10 , : 1-11 / ~ ~ / ~ ~ / ~ ~ : : (1) ( ) ( ) (2) 5%NaOH ( boling )