Cement Bond Logging Tools - Schlumberger

1 Cement bond Logging Tools Cement bond Tools measure the bond between the casing and the Cement placed in the annulusbetween the casing and the wellbore. The measure-ment is made by using acoustic sonic and ultrasonictools. In the case of sonic Tools , the measurement is usually displayed on a Cement bond log (CBL)in millivolt units, decibel attenuation, or of the reading in millivolts or increase of the decibel attenuation is an indication of better-quality bonding of the Cement behind the casing to the casing wall. Factors that affect the quality of the Cement bonding are Cement job design and execution as well as effective mud removal compressive strength of the Cement in place temperature and pressure changes applied to the casing after cementing epoxy resin applied to the outer wall of the ARRAY SONIC TOOLThe Slim Array Sonic tool (SSLT) is a digital sonic tool that provides conventional openholesonic measurements, standard CBL amplitude and Variable Density* log (VDL), and attenuationmeasurements, which are less affected by boreholeenvironmental conditions.

2 The SSLT can also make a short-spacing (1-ft [ ]) CBL measurementsfor Cement evaluation in fast formations. The twotransmitters and six receivers of the SSLT sondehave transmitter receiver spacings of 1, 3, , 4, , and 5 ft [ , , , , , and m]to compute the following: standard 3-ft CBL and 5-ft VDL measurements borehole-compensated (BHC) attenuation from the and spacing receivers near-pseudoattenuation from the 3-ft spacing receivers short-spacing attenuation from the 1-ft spacingreceiver for Cement bond measurement in fast for-mations that may affect the standard 3-ft Evaluation of Cement quality Determination of zone isolation Location of Cement topHSLTSCMTDSLTQSLTSSLTM emory SlimCBL ToolCement bond Logging ToolsSLIMXTREME SONIC Logging TOOLThe SlimXtreme* Sonic LoggingTool (QSLT)

3 Provides the samemeasurements as the SSLT of thecement bond amplitude, attenua-tion, and Variable Density displayfor evaluation of the Cement bond quality of a cemented casing in high-pressure and high-temperature bond LOG FROMDIGITAL SONIC Logging TOOLThe Digital Sonic Logging tool (DSLT) uses the Sonic LoggingSonde (SLS) to measure the Cement bond amplitude and provide a Variable Density displayfor evaluation of the Cement bondquality of a cemented casingstring. Variable Density or x-ywaveform display of the sonic signal is presented in conjunctionwith the bond index and amplitudesignal. The DSLT is also used inthe open borehole environment forconventional sonic measurementsof BHC (3- to 5-ft) transit time andlong-spacing depth-derived BHC(DDBHC) (9- to 11-ft [ to ])transit bond LOG FROMHOSTILE ENVIRONMENT SONIC Logging TOOLThe Hostile Environment SonicLogging tool (HSLT) provides the same measurements of the Cement bond amplitude andVariable Density display for evalu-ation of the Cement bond quality of a cemented casing string as the SSLT in high-pressure andhigh-temperature Cement MAPPING TOOLThe Slim Cement Mapping tool (SCMT) is a through-tubing Cement evaluation tool combin-able with the PS Platform* produc-tion Logging service for a variety ofwell diagnostics.

4 The two sizes are111 16in [ cm] for the standard(302 degF [150 degC]) temperaturerating and 21 16in [ cm] with a392 degF [200 degC] temperaturerating. The SCMT is suitable forrunning workover operations andin new wells. SCMT operationsprovide a clear advantage inworkover wells because there is no need to pull tubing above the zone of interest for Cement evaluation. The SCMT is capableof running through most tubings to evaluate the casing below. In new wells the SCMT is an excellent tool for evaluating casing that is 75 8in [ cm] or SCMT features a single transmitter, two receivers spaced at 3 and 5 ft from the transmitter, and eight segmented receivers 2 ft [ m]from the transmitter. The output of the near (3-ft) receiver is used for CBL and transit-time measurement.

5 The output of the far (5-ft) receiver is used for the VDL measurement. The eight segmentedreceivers generate a radial image of the Cement bond SLIM Cement bond Logging TOOLThe Memory Slim Cement bond Logging tool provides through-tubing 3-ft CBL and 5-ft VDL measurements with the same accuracy andquality as surface-readout logs. Because of its slim size, the 111 16-intool can be run into the zone of interest without having to remove thetubing from the well. The tool simultaneously records gamma ray, casing collar location, pressure, temperature, and waveforms in a single pass, with the waveforms fully digitized downhole. More than 40 h of combined tool running time is possible, including 16 h of contin-uous waveform recording time. Depth-recording systems are availablefor both hazardous and nonhazardous Memory Slim CBL tool can be run with other Memory PS Platform*production Logging Tools for complete well and reservoir evaluation inone descent.

6 The Tools and sensors can be conveyed in the boreholeby drillpipe, coiled tubing, slickline, or unintelligent tractor. PS Platformsoftware is used to perform onsite data processing or any necessarypostprocessing and prepare the log SpecificationsSSLTQSLTDSLTHSLTSCMT-C and SCMT-HMemory Slim CBL ToolOutput3-ft [ ] CBL and attenuation, 3-ft [ ] CBL and attenuation,3-ft [ ] amplitude CBL3-ft [ ] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [ ]3-ft [ ] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [ ]3-ft [ ] CBL, 5-ft [ ] 1-ft [ ] attenuation, 5-ft [ ]1-ft [ ] attenuation, 5-ft [ ]With SLS-C and SLS-D: 5-ft [ ]Variable Density logVariable Density log,Variable Density log, gamma ray, CCL,Variable Density logVariable Density logVariable Density logcement bond variation maptraveltime, Cement compressive strengthLogging speed3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]1,800 ft/h [549 m/h] 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]Vertical resolutionNear attenuation: 1 ft [ m]Near attenuation: 1 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]CBL: 3 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m]VDL: 5 ft [ m] Cement bond variation map: 2 ft [ m]Depth of investigationCBL: Casing and Cement interfaceCBL: Casing and Cement interfaceCBL.

7 Casing and Cement interfaceCBL: Casing and Cement interfaceCBL: Casing and Cement interfaceCBL: Casing and Cement interfaceVDL: Depends on bonding and formationVDL: Depends on bonding and formationVDL: Depends on bonding and formationVDL: Depends on bonding and formationVDL: Depends on bonding and formationVDL: Depends on bonding and formationMud type or weight limitationsNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneCombi nabilityPart of SlimAccess* systemPart of SlimXtreme systemCombinable with most toolsPart of Xtreme* system,Combinable with PS Platform systemCombinable with Memory PS Platform systemcombinable with most toolsSpecial applicationsLogging through drillpipe, Logging through drillpipe, Logging through drillpipe, Logging through drillpipe, tubing, tubing, and in small casingtubing, and in small casingtubing, and in small casingand in small casingFast formationsFast formationsFast formationsMechanical SpecificationsSSLTQSLTDSLTHSLTSCMT-C and SCMT-HMemory Slim CBL ToolTemperature rating302 degF [150 degC]500 degF [260 degC]302 degF [150 degC]500 degF [260 degC]

8 SCMT-C: 302 degF [150 degC]302 degF [150 degC]SCMT-H: 392 degF [200 degC]Pressure rating14,000 psi [97 MPa]30,000 psi [207 MPa]20,000 psi [138 MPa]25,000 psi [172 MPa]15,000 psi [103 MPa]15,000 psi [103 MPa]Casing size 2in [ cm]41 2in [ cm]51 2in [ cm]51 2in [ cm]SCMT-C: 23 8in [ cm]27 8in [ cm]SCMT-H: 27 8in [ cm]Casing size 8in [ cm]85 8in [ cm]133 8 in [ cm]133 8 in [ cm]75 8 in [ cm]75 8in [ cm]Outside diameter in [ cm]3 in [ cm] in [ cm] in [ cm]SCMT-C: in [ cm] in [ cm]SCMT-H: in [ cm] ft [ m]Without inline centralizer: 23 ft [7 m]With SLS-E: ft [ m] ft [ m]SCMT-C: ft [ m] ft [ m]With inline centralizer: ft [ m]With SLS-F: ft [ m]SCMT-H: ft [ m]Weight 232 lbm [105 kg]270 lbm [122 kg]With SLS-E: 313 lbm [142 kg]440 lbm [199 kg]SCMT-C: 100 lbm [45 kg] lbm [ kg]With SLS-F: 353 lbm [160 kg]SCMT-H.

9 162 lbm [73 kg]Tension13,000 lbf [57,830 N]13,000 lbf [57,830 N]29,700 lbf [132,110 N]20,000 lbf [88,960 N]5,900 lbf [26,240 N]5,900 lbf [26,240 N]Compression4,400 lbf [19,570 N]4,400 lbf [19,570 N]2,870 lbf [12,270 N]6,000 lbf [26,690 N]150 lbf [670 N]150 lbf [670 N] In airCement bond Logging ToolsAPPLICATIONS Cement evaluation Casing inspection Corrosion detection and monitoring Detection of internaland external damage ordeformation Casing thickness analy-sis for collapse andburst pressure calculationsUSI ULTRASONIC IMAGER TOOLThe USI* UltraSonic Imager tool (USIT) uses a single transducer mount-ed on an Ultrasonic Rotating Sub (USRS) on the bottom of the tool . Thetransmitter emits ultrasonic pulses between 200 and 700 kHz andmeasures the received ultrasonic waveforms reflected from the internaland external casing interfaces.

10 The rate of decay of the waveforms received indicates the quality of the Cement bond at the Cement /casinginterface, and the resonant frequency of the casing provides the casingwall thickness required for pipe inspection. Because the transducer ismounted on the rotating sub, the entire circumference of the casing isscanned. This 360 data coverage enables the evaluation of the qualityof the Cement bond as well as the determination of the internal andexternal casing condition. The very high angular and vertical resolutionscan detect channels as narrow as in [ cm]. Cement bond , thick-ness, internal and external radii, and self-explanatory maps are generated in real time at the 2007*Mark of SchlumbergerCopyright 2007 Schlumberger . All rights bond Logging ToolsMeasurement SpecificationsUSITO utputAcoustic impedance, Cement bonding to casing, internal radius, casing thicknessLogging speed1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]Range of measurementAcoustic impedance: 0 to 10 MRayl [0 to 10 ]Vertical resolutionStandard: 6 in [ cm]AccuracyLess than MRayl: MRaylDepth of investigationCasing-to- Cement interfaceMud type or weight limitations Water-base mud: Up to lbm/galOil-base mud.