Chapter 11: The Jackson Era, 1824-1845 - Your History Site

1 Chapter XXChapter Title330 Why It MattersTheGrowingNation1820 1860 Goblet showing Jackson s log cabinAdvice on the Prairieby William T. RanneyAs you study unit 5,you will learnhow growth, migration, and conflictincreased following the Industrial Rev-olution. The following resources offermore information about this period inAmerican Sources LibrarySee pages 966 967 for primary sourcereadings to accompany unit 5. Use the American History Primary Source Document LibraryCD-ROMto find additional primarysources about the developing nation. Liberty andUnion, now andforever.

2 Daniel Webster, 1830 Jackson1829 1837J. Q. Adams1825 1829332 Jackson Era1824 1845 Why It MattersThe struggle for political rights took shape in the 1820s and 1830s, when many peoplequestioned the limits of American Impact TodayIn the years since the Jackson era: Women, African Americans, and other minorities have won the right to vote and to participate in the political process. Today every United States citizen aged 18 or older, regardless of gender, race, orwealth, has the right to American JourneyVideoThe Chapter 11 video, Old Hickory, chronicles events in Andrew Jackson s military and political Indian Removal Act passed Webster-Hayne debate1823 President Monroe outlines Monroe Doctrine1822 Brazil gains independencefrom Portugal1826 French scientistNi pce producesfirst photograph1829 Louis Braille publishes reading system for the blindMonroe1817 1825 The1833 Force BillpassedCHAPTER 11 The Jackson Era1820182518301833 Slavery abolishedin British coloniesTyler1841 18451840 Harrison elected president3331838 Cherokee forcedto move west1837 Panic of 18371845 Deadly fungus

3 Destroys much of Ireland s potato cropHISTORYC hapter OverviewVisit on Chapter 11 Chapter Overviewsto pre-view Chapter Speakingby George Caleb BinghamBingham s series of electionpaintings expressed faith in the growth of Buren1837 1841 Chapter 11 The Jackson EraW. H. Harrison18411835184518401834 Indian Territory created by Congress1839 Scottish blacksmith,Kirkpatrick Macmillian,produces first bicycle1843 Charles Dickens writes A Christmas Carol 1212 Step 1 Fold a sheet of paper in half from side toside, leaving a inch tab along the 2 Turn the paper and fold it into 3 Unfold and cut up along the three 4 Label your foldable as in half,then fold inhalf Information Study FoldableMake this foldable to help you ask and answerquestions about the Jackson and WritingAs you read.

4 Ask yourself who Andrew Jackson was, what he did, when he did it, and why it happened. Write yourthoughts and facts under each appropriate inch Quincy Adams winspresidency in House election1828 Andrew Jacksonelected president1830 Webster and Haynedebate1832 South Carolinathreatens to secedeMain IdeaThe United States s political systemchanged under Andrew Termsfavorite son, majority, plurality, mudslinging, landslide, suffrage,bureaucracy, spoils system, caucus,nominating convention, tariff, nullify, secedeReading StrategyAs you read Section 1.

5 Create a chartlike the one below and in the boxesdescribe the political parties in to Learn why the nation s sixth presidentwas chosen by the House. what political changes came underPresident ThemeContinuity and ChangeJames Monroe s decision not to seek a thirdterm was followed by two hotly contested presidential DemocracyThe presidential campaign of 1828 was one of the most vicious in American of John Quincy Adams in Philadelphia distributed a pamphlet titled SomeAccount of Some of the Bloody Deeds of General Jackson . One illustration in the pam-phlet showed a ferocious-looking Andrew Jackson plunging his sword through the bodyof a helpless civilian.

6 Meanwhile Jackson s supporters falsely accused John QuincyAdams of kidnapping a young American girl and selling her to the ruler of Election of 1824 From 1816 to 1824, the United States had only one political party, the Jeffer-sonian Republicans. Within the party, however, differences arose among variousgroups that had their own views and interests. In 1824 James Monroe was fin-ishing his second term as president but declined to run for a third term. Fourcandidates from the Republican Party competed for the sewing box334 Chapter 11 The Jackson EraCandidate ViewsDemocraticRepublicansNationalRepubl icansPreview of EventsGuide to Reading 1825 1835 1830 The four candidates opinions differed on therole of the federal government.

7 They also spokefor different parts of the country. The RepublicanParty nominated William H. Crawford,a formercongressman from Georgia. However, Craw-ford s poor health weakened him as a other three Republicans in the presiden-tial race were favorite soncandidates, meaningthey received the backing of their home statesrather than that of the national party. Two ofthese candidates Andrew Jacksonand HenryClay came from the West. Clay, of Kentucky,was Speaker of the House of fought for his program of internal improve-ments, high tariffs, and a stronger national Andrew Jackson of Tennessee wasnot a Washington politician, but he was a hero ofthe War of 1812.

8 Raised in poverty, he claimed tospeak for the Americans who had been left outof Quincy Adamsof Massachusetts, son offormer president John Adams, received supportfrom merchants of the Northeast. Striking a BargainIn the election Jackson received the largestnumber of popular votes. However, no candidatereceived a majority,or more than half, of the elec-toral votes. Jackson won 99 electoral votes, whichgave him a plurality,or largest single the terms of the Twelfth Amendment tothe Constitution, when no candidate receives amajority of electoral votes, the House of Repre-sentatives selects the 11 The Jackson EraWhile the House was preparing to vote on thenext president, Henry Clay met with agreed to use his influence as Speaker of theHouse to defeat Jackson .

9 In return Clay may havehoped to gain the position of secretary of Clay s help Adams was elected presi-dent in the House. Adams quickly named Clayas secretary of state, traditionally the stepping-stone to the presidency. Jackson s followersaccused the two men of making a corrupt bar-gain and stealing the Adams PresidencyIn Washington, ,the corrupt bargain had cast a shadow over Adams s the capital Adams s policies ran againstpopular opinion. Adams wanted a strongernavy and government funds for scientific expe-ditions. Adams also wanted the federal govern-ment to direct economic ideas horrified those who desired amore limited role for the federal government,and Congress turned down many of Adams sproposals.

10 This was especially true after the con-gressional elections of 1826, when enemies ofAdams controlled both the House and were Adams andClay accused of making a corrupt bargain ?The Election of 1828By the election of 1828, the party had dividedinto two separate parties: the Democratic-Republicans,who supported Jackson , and theNational Republicans,who supported s Democratic-Republicans, or Demo-crats, favored states rights and mistrustedJackson campaign posterCandidateElectoralVotePopularVoteH ouseVoteJackson99153,5447 Adams84108,74046,61847,1364 Clay13 Crawford4137 Election of 1824 The presidential election of 1824was decided in the House of InformationWhichcandidate received the most electoral votes?