CHAPTER 2 SUICIDES IN INDIA

1 Accidental Deaths & SUICIDES in INDIA 2020 [196] CHAPTER 2 SUICIDES IN INDIA Each suicide is a personal tragedy that prematurely takes the life of an individual and has a continuing ripple effect, affecting the lives of families, friends and communities. Every year, more than 1,00,000 people commit suicide in our country. There are various causes of SUICIDES like professional/career problems, sense of isolation, abuse, violence, family problems, mental disorders, addiction to alcohol, financial loss, chronic pain etc.

2 NCRB collects data on SUICIDES from police recorded suicide cases. Rate of SUICIDES has been calculated using projected population for the non-census years whereas for the census year 2011, the population in the Census 2011 Report was used. A total of 1,53,052 SUICIDES were reported in the country during 2020 showing an increase of in comparison to 2019 and the rate of SUICIDES has increased by during 2020 over 2019. [LIST ] The incidence and rate of SUICIDES during 2010-2020 is presented in LIST Number of SUICIDES , Growth of Population and Rate of SUICIDES during 2016 - 2020 Sl.

3 No. Year Total Number of SUICIDES Mid-Year Projected Population* (in Lakh+) Rate of SUICIDES ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 1 2016 1,31,008 12, 2 2017 1,29,887 # 3 2018 1,34,516 # 4 2019 1,39,123 # 5 2020 1,53,052 $ * Source: The Registrar General of INDIA . # Source: Report of the Technical Group on Population Projections (November, 2019), National Commission on Population, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. $ Source: Report of the Technical Group on Population Projections (July, 2020), National Commission on Population, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare + One Lakh = Million ** Rate of SUICIDES = Incidence of SUICIDES per one lakh (1,00,000) of population.

4 As per data provided by States/UTs Accidental Deaths & SUICIDES in INDIA 2020 [197] Number and Percentage Share of SUICIDES in States/UTs The State/UT and City wise information on the incidents of SUICIDES , its percentage share in total SUICIDES and rate of SUICIDES during the year are presented in Table Majority of SUICIDES were reported in Maharashtra (19,909) followed by 16,883 SUICIDES in Tamil Nadu, 14,578 SUICIDES in Madhya pradesh , 13,103 SUICIDES in West Bengal and 12,259 SUICIDES in Karnataka accounting for , , , and of total SUICIDES respectively.

5 These 5 States together accounted for of the total SUICIDES reported in the country. The remaining SUICIDES were reported in the remaining 23 States and 8 UTs. Uttar pradesh , the most populous State ( share of country population) has reported comparatively lower percentage share of suicidal deaths, accounting for only of the total SUICIDES reported in the country. The States which have witnessed significantly higher number of suicidal deaths during the year 2018 to 2020 are presented in the LIST Each of these States have continuously accounted for about or more of the total SUICIDES reported in the country from 2018 to 2020.

6 FIGURE State/UT wise Major Percentage Share of SUICIDES in States during 2020 Other States/UTs Maharashtra Tamil Nadu West Bengal Madhya pradesh Karnaktaka Kerala Telangana Gujarat Chhattisgarh andhra pradesh Odisha Uttar pradesh As per data provided by States/UTs. Note: OTHER STATES/UTs include Arunachal pradesh , Assam, Bihar, Goa, Haryana, Himachal pradesh , Jharkhand, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, A & N Island, Chandigarh, D & N Haveli & Daman & Diu, Jammu & Kashmir ,Delhi, Ladakh, Lakshadweep and Puducherry Accidental Deaths & SUICIDES in INDIA 2020 [198] FIGURE STATE/UT WISE TOTAL NUMBER OF SUICIDES DURING 2020 Number of SUICIDES upto 50 51 to 300 301 to 2000 2001 to 10000 Above 10000 As per data provided by States/UTs.

7 Haryana 4001 Meghalaya 224 Karnataka 12259 Punjab 2616 Odisha 5546 Maharashtra 19909 Tamil Nadu 16883 Tripura 845 Jharkhand 2145 Bihar 809 Accidental Deaths & SUICIDES in INDIA 2020 [199] LIST States with Higher Percentage Share of SUICIDES during 2018 to 2020 Sl. No. Year 2018 2019 2020 1 Maharashtra ( ) Maharashtra ( ) Maharashtra ( ) 2 Tamil Nadu ( ) Tamil Nadu ( ) Tamil Nadu ( ) 3 West Bengal ( ) West Bengal ( ) Madhya pradesh ( ) 4 Madhya pradesh ( ) Madhya pradesh ( ) West Bengal ( ) 5 Karnataka ( ) Karnataka ( ) Karnataka ( ) Delhi, which is the most-populous UT, has reported the highest number of SUICIDES (3,142) among UTs, followed by Puducherry (408).

8 A total of 23,855 SUICIDES were reported in the 53 mega cities of the country during the 2020. The States and UTs which have reported significant percentage increase in SUICIDES in 2020 over 2019 were Uttarakhand ( ), Mizoram ( ), Himachal pradesh ( ), Arunachal pradesh ( ), Assam ( ) and Jharkhand ( ) while highest percentage decrease was reported in Manipur ( ), Puducherry ( ), Uttar pradesh ( ), Haryana ( ) and Chandigarh ( ) [Table , ]. Rate of SUICIDES Trend in States/UTs Rate of SUICIDES the number of SUICIDES per one lakh population, has been widely accepted as a standard yardstick for comparison.

9 All INDIA rate of SUICIDES was during the year 2020. A & N Islands reported the highest rate of suicide ( ) followed by Sikkim ( ), Chhattisgarh ( ), Puducherry ( ), and Kerala ( ) [ ]. The details of States/UTs which have recorded higher rate of SUICIDES during 2018 to 2020 are given in LIST FIGURE 17 21 11 5 0 0 0 0 PRADESHARUNACHAL PRADESHASSAMBIHARCHHATTISGARHGOAGUJARATH ARYANAHIMACHAL PRADESHJHARKHANDKARNATAKAKERALAMADHYA PRADESHMAHARASHTRAMANIPURMEGHALAYAMIZORA MNAGALANDODISHAPUNJABRAJASTHANSIKKIMTAMI L NADUTELANGANATRIPURAUTTAR PRADESHUTTARAKHANDWEST BENGALA & NISLANDSCHANDIGARHD & N HAVELI & DAMAN DIUDELHI (UT)

10 JAMMU KASHMIRLADAKHLAKSHADWEEPPUDUCHERRYP ercentage Variation States / UTs State/UT-wise Percentage Variation in SUICIDES during 2020 over 2019 As per data provided by States/UTs. As per data provided by States/UTs. Accidental Deaths & SUICIDES in INDIA 2020 [200] FIGURE 4 15 24 45 0102030405060 BIHARMANIPURUTTAR PRADESHNAGALANDJAMMU & KASHMIRLAKSHADWEEPLADAKHJHARKHANDMEGHALA YARAJASTHANUTTARAKHANDPUNJABMIZORAMASSAM ARUNACHAL PRADESHCHANDIGARHGUJARATHIMACHAL PRADESHODISHAANDHRA PRADESHWEST BENGALHARYANAD & N HAVELI (UT)