Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS

1 Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERSC hapter 3 STUDY GuideANSWERS!1)What is a cell? What is the function of a cell?2)Explain how the structure of a cell membrane contributes to cell homeostasis. The building block of all living thingsA cell carries out all chemical activities needed to sustain have polar heads and nonpolar tails. Molecules have to get through both to leave/enter the cell. Since most molecules do not have both polar and nonpolar features, they cannot pass 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS3)Be able to use the terms hydrophilic and hydrophobic correctly (relate to cell membrane).The hydrophobic tails make up the center of the membrane. The hydrophilic heads like water, so they will face outward, toward the cytoplasm or plasma (water based substances).4)What are the 2 basic types of membrane transport? What is the difference between them?

2 5)What is selective permeability and why is it important?passive transport and active transportPassive = No energy input is requiredActive = metabolic energy (ATP) is requiredSelectively permeable: substances that pass into or out of the cell are regulated. Keeps good stuff in, lets waste products out. Important part of maintaining 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS6) Be able to distinguish between simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion and filtration. [table/chart]particle typedistinguishing characteristicsfiltrationsimple diffusionosmosisfacilitated diffusionsmallwater!larger particlesuses a carrier protein as a channelwater movesparticles(not H20) are movingpressure gradient must existlarger particles stay in solution(Iodine lab)Egg lab7)What are the 3 situations that would require a cell to use active transport? particles are too large particles cannot dissolve in the lipid tails of the membrane particles need to move against a concentration gradientChapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS8) Use a table/chart to compare and contrast bulk transport and solute ) What is the most common example of solute pumping you will encounter in this class (and in Biology classes in general?

3 Bulk transport solute pumpingNa+/K+ ATPase pump (Sodium/Potassium pump) ATP energizes the protein carriers In most cases, substances move against concentration gradients Requires ATP For larger particles/molecules Creates membrane bound vesicles to )What is a tissue ?A group of Cells that are similar in structure and functionChapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS11) What are the 4 basic tissue types?12) Where is epithelial tissue found, and what are the basic functions? Epithelium Connective tissue Nervous tissue MuscleLocations: Body coverings, Body linings, Glandular tissueFunctions: Protection Absorption Filtration Secretion13) Distinguish between simple and stratified epithelial ) Where would you find pseudostratified columnar epithelium?15) Where would you find stratified squamous epithelium?simple = 1 layer stratified = more than one layerrespiratory tract skin, mouth, esophagus places where there is a lot of frictionChapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS16) Where is connective tissue found, and what are the basic functions?

4 17) Be able to describe the basic connective tissue types we covered in class:osseous tissuehyaline cartilagedense connective tissue Provides support, protection,and binds other Tissues together(compact bone)protect + support body, stores mineralsMost common cartilagenose, ears, fetal skeleton. Cushions ends of and like smooth !areolar connective tissueadipose tissueblood17) describe the basic connective tissue types we covered in class:most widely distributed. Can soak up extra fluid (lymph).elastic and protection (organs). Large lipid = fat vehicle. Matrix is plasma. Fibers are visible during clottingChapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS18) Where is muscle tissue found, and what are the main types?locations:3 types:skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle skeletal: attached to bones cardiac: in heart smooth: surrounds the hollow organs19) Be able to distinguish between the three main types of muscle tissue (location, function, voluntary or involuntary, etc.

5 Location function voluntary or involuntary?distinguishing characteristicsskeletalcardiacsmoothvolu ntaryinvoluntaryinvoluntarystriated multiple nuclei per cellstriated intercalated discs cell branchingno striations elongated Cells that taper at the to bonessupport, movementin the heartpump: sends blood throughout the bodysurrounds hollow organsperistalsisChapter 3 Cells and Tissues STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS20) Where is nervous tissue found, and what are the basic functions?brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervesirritability (can respond to stimuli)conductivity can send signals