Chapter 3: European Exploration and Colonization

1 Chapter 3: European Exploration and ColonizationTrade Route to Asia in the 1400sEuropean Trade With AsiaTraders - people who get wealth by buying items from agroup of people at a low price and selling those things toother people at higher prices. European countries use trade to gain wealthThe stronger countries in Europe in the 1400s and 1500s -England, Spain, France and and queens wanted to gain wealth - to build largerarmies and navies to dominate other countries. Europe wants to trade with AsiaA trader would want to buy items in Asia and sell them inEurope to make a lot of money by selling luxuries (silks,carpets, & jewels) that were not available in Europe.

2 Muslims controlled land routes to AsiaLand routes - the roads and trails people traveled to get fromone place to - people who controlled the land routes betweenEurope and traders had to solve their problem with Muslim-controlled land - going by sea around Muslim-controlledland. Finding a sea route to AsiaTwo problems sailors faced before the 1400s were -a. They did not have good ways of knowing wherethey were if they got beyond sight of The maps were poor and their ships were too slowto make long voyages.

3 Inventions help sailorsThe invention of the astrolabe and the caravel - sailors travelfaster, farther, and more Early ExplorersTrade route - the way traders go to reach a - a place to buy and sell when Christopher Columbus began his Exploration - when Ferdinand Magellan began his Exploration - Spanish Sail WestColumbus' belief that made him think he could sail west tofind Asia - the earth was did not know when he sailed west to find Asia -the earth was much bigger than he called the Native Americans Indians - he thoughthe really had reached the East effect of Columbus' journey - to start the Age

4 OfExploration (the period of time when Europeans wereexploring new lands).The Line of DemarcationRivals - people or countries who compete against each Line of Demarcation - an imaginary line drawn by thePope that split the New World into half. These halvesPortugal and Spain could is spoken in Brazil while Spanish is spoken in allother countries of South America - the small part of SouthAmerica was within the Portuguese claim and became thelarge Portuguese colony of Brazil, while all other partswere under seen in the example of the Line ofDemarcation - the solution Spain and Portugal used to solvetheir Portuguese Sail South and EastThe effect of da Gama's decision to sail south and east - hefound an excellent trade route that gained wealth Spanish Continue to Sail WestSpanish explorers still sail west - the Spanish believed thatsailing west would lead them to discovered - the Pacific Ocean in 's expedition proved to Europeans - the world Gama's route to Asia was better

5 Than Magellan's - it wassafer and Perspectives on the New European Trade Route toAsiaEuropean governments viewed the discovery of a new traderoute to Asia differently than the Muslims -While the Muslim government made less moneysince they were selling fewer Asian goods toEuropeans, European governments supported thenew trade route because they earned taxes the New WorldSpain and England worried - Portugal would use itsgrowing wealth to try to dominate them when Portugalstarted to use the new sea route to and England attempted to solve their problem byexploring the Americas to gain explored in both North and South explored a part of North explored an area in South America (currentBrazil).

6 Lay claim - to say a particular country now owns that and the New WorldConquistador - "conqueror" in conquistadors were sent to North and South America tomake the Spanish king, and Spain, more powerful byclaiming land for Spain and bringing wealth back toSpain. CortesMontezuma tried to accommodate Cortes because of hisvisions and Aztecs dies from European diseases because they hadno immunity to the diseases found in historians think Cortes got his men to fight harder byburning ships that the Spanish came to America effect of Cortes' conquest on the Spanish - to makeSpain effect of Cortes' conquest on the Aztecs - seriouseconomic and people's right problems.

7 PizarroThe effect of Pizarro's conquest on the Spanish - to makeSpain even effect of Pizarro's conquest on the Incas - severeeconomic and people's right problems. Spanish seek wealth in the northFew Spaniards settled in North America in the 1500sbecause there was little gold to be found there. European diseases and Native AmericansThe effect of European diseases on Native Americanpopulations - made the Native Americans ill and weakwhich made it easier for Europeans to conquer them. People's rights problems for Native AmericansSome Spaniards believed that they should convert the NativeAmericans to Christianity because the missionariesbelieved it was their and the New World CabotTwo advantages England's navy had over the Spanish navy -a.

8 The English navy ships were faster and couldturn more England had better admirals (leaders in thenavy).The two effects of England's victory over Spain -a. England and other countries could make moremoney from trade because the oceans were nolonger controlled by the Spanish Spain became a weaker English ColoniesColony - a place that is settled by a group of people andgoverned by the country from which the people ways that England hoped to acquire wealth from itscolonies -a. by getting natural resourcesb. by getting more money from taxes on the goodstraded in the coloniesc.

9 By selling more of its own goods to its coloniesQueen Elizabeth changed the rules for claiming colonies inthe 1500s. Claiming colonies depended on the countriesability to have permanent colonies Starts to Colonize North America Failed attempts at colonizationThe first English attempt at Colonization failed because thesettlers were lost at sea and never reached happened to the Roanoke Colony - it lasted only oneyear because the colonists did not have enough food ever discovered what happened to the secondRoanoke Colony.

10 Permanent colonies require a lot of financial support tosurviveThe problem England had to solve before it could set up newcolonies - it needed some way to get the the colonies - to set up a business orcompany to make a profit from the London Company would support a new colony becauseit expected to make money by establishing colonies Factors of Group Success in JamestownThe four factors of group success -a. capabilityb. leadershipc. resourcesd. motivationCapability - what people know how to do and what they areable to Americans - people who gave the colonists theknowledge and the capability to survive in Jamestown.