CHAPTER 46CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS

1 1 CHAPTER 46 CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMSMULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The ventricles area. the upper chambers of the the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the lungs and the rest of the lower chambers of the heart that contract : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 2. Refer to the illustration above. Structure 4 isa. the right the right the left the left : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 3. Refer to the illustration above. The aorta is structurea. : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 4. Refer to the illustration above. The vessels labeled 2 carry deoxygenated blood. The vessels area. the pulmonary parts of the the pulmonary parts of the : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 5. Refer to the illustration above.

2 Blood in chamber 1a. is full of has a low concentration of is going toward the has very little : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 6. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are calleda. : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 7. The heart chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae is thea. left left right right : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 8. Blood entering the right atriuma. is full of is is returning from the is low in plasma and : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 9. Oxygenated blood from the lungs is received by thea. left left right right : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 10. Which type of blood vessel is both strong and elastic?a. capillaryc. veinb. arteryd. venuleANS: B DIF: 1 OBJ: 11. An artery has a much thicker muscle layer thana.

3 A a a All of the aboveANS: D DIF: 1 OBJ: 12. The smallest and most numerous blood vessels in the body are thea. : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 13. An arterya. usually carries oxygen-rich has thin, slightly elastic has valves that prevent blood from flowing All of the aboveANS: A DIF: 1 OBJ: 14. If a blood vessel has valves, it is probablya. a a an part of the lymphatic : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 15. The force exerted against the arterial walls when the heart contracts is calleda. diastolic systolic arterial : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 16. Normal blood pressure in millimeters of mercury isa. 145/95 for males and 135/85 for 130/100 for both males and 120/80 for males and 110/70 for 100/50 for males and 120/70 for : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 17.

4 The pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats is the ____ : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 18. Pulmonary circulation is the flow of blood to and from thea. : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 19. Atherosclerosis is characterized bya. increased circulation to the larger a narrowing of the inner walls of coronary arteries due to buildup of fatty a widening of inner walls of blood vessels as a result of a heart : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 20. cholesterol buildup : atherosclerosis ::a. iron buildup : atherosclerosisb. arteriosclerosis : the heart to work more easilyc. low intake of saturated fats : heart attacksd. atherosclerosis : heart attacksANS: D DIF: 2 OBJ: 21. The iron-containing molecule in red blood cells is calleda.

5 Ferric carbonic : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 22. Mature red blood cellsa. can live for about a promote are the largest cells in the do not have a : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 23. Infections generally result in an increase in the number ofa. : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 24. Red blood cellsa. transport RESPIRATORY destroy combat bacterial transport : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 25. Defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by foreign substances is a function ofa. red blood white blood : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 26. Refer to the illustration above. These cells area. filled with red blood white blood : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 27. Refer to the illustration above. These cellsa. can live for at least a are the largest cells in the circulatory promote contain : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 28.

6 Nutrients, salts, and proteins : plasma solutes ::a. arteries and veins : lymphatic vesselsb. erythrocytes and leukocytes : blood cellsc. platelets and megakaryocytes : leukocytesd. lymphocytes and macrophages : erythrocytesANS: B DIF: 2 OBJ: 29. An abnormality involving the platelets would probably affect the process ofa. fighting bacterial blood : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 30. Which of the following is not involved in the formation of blood clots?a. platelet congregation at the site of rupture of a blood vesselb. release of clotting factors from plateletsc. production of fibrin, a proteind. formation of fibrin red blood cell complexes that circulate in the blood and are too large to move through ruptured blood-vessel wallsANS: D DIF: 1 OBJ: 31.

7 A person with antigen A on their red blood cells can give blood to someone with blood type(s)a. A and only B and only : A DIF: 1 OBJ: 32. Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled X is thea. : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 33. During swallowing, the air passageway of the pharynx is covered by thea. : B DIF: 1 OBJ: 34. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes calleda. : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 35. bronchiole : alveoli ::a. alveoli : bronchic. larynx : pharynxb. bronchi : larynxd. bronchi : bronchiolesANS: D DIF: 2 OBJ: 36. The actual exchange of gases occurs at the site of thea. nasal : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 37. Each alveolusa. contains many air is surrounded by attaches directly to the is a large air : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 38.

8 Gas exchange occurs whena. oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the blood in the oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the red blood the red blood cells give up oxygen to the cells of the body All of the aboveANS: D DIF: 1 OBJ: 39. carbon dioxide : lungs ::a. nutrients : kidneysc. nitrogenous waste : kidneysb. nutrients : lungsd. nitrogenous waste : lungsANS: C DIF: 2 OBJ: 40. Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in all of the following ways excepta. dissolved in as bicarbonate combined with by white blood : D DIF: 1 OBJ: 41. When the diaphragm and rib cage muscles relax,a. the chest cavity expiration inspiration it is impossible to : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 42. The dome-shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called thea.

9 : C DIF: 1 OBJ: 43. Which of the following occurs as air rushes into the lungs from the environment to equalize air pressure?a. inspirationc. expirationb. contractiond. None of the aboveANS: A DIF: 1 OBJ: 44. The breathing center in the brain is most sensitive to thea. concentration of concentration of carbon dioxide in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the amount of oxygen in the : C DIF: 2 OBJ: 1. The _____ system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, food molecules, hormones, and other material to and from the cells of the : circulatoryDIF: 1 OBJ: 2. The _____ valve prevents blood from going from the left ventricle to the left : mitralbicuspidDIF: 1 OBJ: 3. Electrical impulses in the heart are relayed to the ventricles by the : atrioventricular nodeDIF: 1 OBJ: 4.

10 Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the : tricuspid valveDIF: 1 OBJ: 5. _____ are the blood vessels that connect the arteries to the : CapillariesDIF: 1 OBJ: 6. Systolic pressure is caused by contraction of the heart s : ventriclesDIF: 1 OBJ: 7. The condition that results when blood pressure is consistently higher than normal is called high blood pressure or : hypertensionDIF: 1 OBJ: 8. The flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs is called _____ : systemicDIF: 1 OBJ: 9. Excess fluid in the body s tissues is returned to the blood by a system of vessels called the _____ : lymphaticDIF: 1 OBJ: 10. The major function of _____ is to assist in the blood clotting : plateletsDIF: 1 OBJ: 11.