CHAPTER 5 IMPLEMENTATION SELECTED CHAPTER …

1 CHAPTER 5 IMPLEMENTATION SELECTED CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction .. 5-1 IMPLEMENTATION through Waste Discharge Requirements .. 5-1 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) .. 5-1 Compliance Schedules / 2000 Amendment .. 5-3 Waste Discharge Requirements .. 5-4 Waivers .. 5-5 Water Reclamation Requirements .. 5-5 Waste Discharge Prohibitions .. 5-6 Quail Valley On-site Septic Tank-Subsurface Disposal System Prohibition / 2006 Amendment .. 5-8 Water Quality Certification .. 5-10 Monitoring and 5-11 TDS and Nitrogen Management / 2004 Amendment .. 5-12 Background .. 5-12 Update of the TDS/Nitrogen Management Plan .. 5-14 TDS/Nitrogen Management Plan .. 5-15 Salt Assimilative Capacity .. 5-17 Mineral Increments .. 5-20 Nitrogen Loss Coefficients .. 5-20 TDS & Nitrogen Wasteload Allocations for the Santa Ana River.

2 5-22 Wastewater Reclamation .. 5-29 Special Considerations Subsurface Disposal Systems .. 5-33 Other Projects and Programs .. 5-34 Salt Management Plan Monitoring Program .. 5-37 Maximum Benefit IMPLEMENTATION for Salt Management .. 5-43 Chino Basin and Cucamonga Basin .. 5-43 San Timoteo Watershed .. 5-54 San Jacinto Upper Pressure Management Zone .. 5-86 Recreation Water Quality Standards .. 5-92 Nonpoint Source (NPS) Program .. 5-118 Nonpoint Source (NPS) Management Plan .. 5-118 Stormwater Program .. 5-120 Animal Confinement Facilities (Dairies) .. 5-122 Impacts of Past Dairy Operations .. 5-126 Dairy Operations Outside the Chino Basin .. 5-127 Minimum Lot Size Requirements .. 5-127 Newport Bay Watershed .. 5-131 Siltation / 1998 Amendment .. 5-132 Eutrophication / TMDL for Nutrients / 1998 Amendment.

3 5-139 Bacterial Contamination / Fecal Coliform TMDL / 1999 Amendment .. 5-147 Toxic Substance Contamination .. 5-160 Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos TMDL / 2002 Amendment .. 5-161 Organochlorine Compounds TMDLs / 2011 Amendment .. 5-166 Anaheim Bay / Huntington Harbour .. 5-199 Big Bear Lake .. 5-199 Big Bear Lake Nutrient Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) (Nutrient TMDL for Dry Hydrological Conditions for Big Bear Lake) / 2006 Amendment) .. 5-201 Lake Elsinore / San Jacinto Watershed .. 5-219 Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake Nutrient TMDLs / 2004 Amendment .. 5-219 Middle Santa Ana River Watershed .. 5-244 Middle Santa Ana River Watershed Bacterial Indicator TMDL / 2006 Amendment .. 5-244 Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup .. 5-259 Groundwater Contamination from Volatile Organic Compounds.

4 5-261 Department of Defense Facilities .. 5-264 Leaking Underground Storage Tanks .. 5-266 Aboveground Storage Tanks .. 5-267 Disposal of Hazardous and Nonharzardous Waste to Land .. 5-268 References .. 5-273 IMPLEMENTATION 5-1 January 24, 1995 Updated February 2016 to include approved amendments INTRODUCTION This CHAPTER describes the IMPLEMENTATION plan, the actions that are necessary to achieve the water quality objectives specified in CHAPTER 4 and thereby protect the beneficial uses of the region s surface and groundwaters ( CHAPTER 3). These actions will require the coordinated efforts of the Regional Board and numerous water supply and wastewater management agencies, as well as city and county governments and other planning entities within the Region.

5 The IMPLEMENTATION CHAPTER of the 1983 Basin Plan focused largely on the mineral imbalance problem in the region and the management of total dissolved solids (TDS) through waste discharges requirements, wastewater reclamation requirements, improvements in water supply quality, recharge projects, and other measures. Since the adoption of the 1983 Basin Plan, the Regional Board s knowledge of the water quality problems in the Santa Ana Region has increased considerably, and the number and variety of water quality programs undertaken to address those problems have increased accordingly. Several new programs are being implemented statewide by each regional board, including broad new responsibilities related to landfill operations and closure, oversight of leaking underground storage tank cleanup activities, and control of nonpoint sources such as urban runoff and stormwater from industrial facilities and construction sites.

6 These new programs are part of the Board s IMPLEMENTATION plan and are described in this CHAPTER . IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS The Regional Board s principal means of achieving the water quality objectives and protecting the beneficial uses specified in this plan is the development, adoption, issuance and enforcement of waste discharge requirements. By regulating the quality of wastewaters discharged, and in other ways controlling the discharge of wastes which may impact surface and groundwater quality, the Regional Board works to protect the Region s water resources. The Regional Board s regulatory tools include National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits, Waste Discharge Requirements, Water Reclamation Requirements, Water Quality Certification and Waste Discharge Prohibition.

7 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits are required for discharges of pollutants to navigable waters of the United States, which includes any discharge to surface waters lakes, rivers, streams, bays, the ocean, dry streambeds, wetlands and storm sewers that are tributary to any surface water body. NPDES permits are issued under the federal Clean Water Act, Title IV Permits and Licenses, Section 402 (33 USC 466 et seq.). The Regional Board issues these permits in lieu of direct issuance by the US EPA, subject to review and approval by the US EPA Regional Administrator (EPA Region IX). The terms of these NPDES permits implement pertinent IMPLEMENTATION 5-2 January 24, 1995 Updated February 2016 to include approved amendments provisions of the federal Clean Water Act and the Act s implementing regulations including pretreatment, sludge management, effluent limitations for specific industries and antidegradation.

8 In general, the discharge of pollutants is to be eliminated or reduced as much as practicable so as to achieve the Clean Water Act s goal of fishable and swimmable navigable (surface) waters. Technically, all NPDES permits issued by the Regional Board are also Waste Discharge Requirements issued under the authority of the California Water Code. In addition to regulating discharges of wastewater to surface waters, NPDES permits also require municipal sewage treatment facilities to implement and monitor industrial pretreatment programs if their design capacity is greater than five million gallons per day (MGD). Smaller municipal treatment systems may also be required to conduct pretreatment programs if there are significant industrial contributions to their systems. The pretreatment programs must comply with the federal regulations specified in 40 CFR 403.

9 At this time, there are approximately 2,000 NPDES permits in effect in the Santa Ana Region. As shown in Table 5-1, these NPDES permits regulate discharge from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs, or sewage treatment plants), industrial discharges, stormwater runoff, dewatering operations, and groundwater cleanup discharges. NPDES permits are issued for five years or less and are therefore to be updated regularly. The rapid and dramatic population and urban growth in the Santa Ana Region has caused a significant increase in NPDES permit applications for new waste discharges. Because of staff resource limitations, the Board generally focuses its permitting efforts on the issuance of permits for these new discharges. NPDES permit updates are done to the extent feasible, particularly for the more significant discharges.

10 In some cases, if the discharge does not change substantially over the permitting period, administrative extensions of the existing permits are issued by the Regional Board s Executive Officer. To expedite the permit issuance process, the Regional Board has adopted several general NPDES permits, each of which regulates numerous discharges of similar types of wastes. These general permits address discharges from groundwater cleanup projects (Order No. 91-63) and dewatering activities (Order No. 93-49). Proponents of groundwater cleanup or dewatering projects are required to file individual permit applications, which are reviewed by Regional Board staff to determine whether the requirements of the general permits apply and are sufficient to assure water quality protection. If so, the applicants are authorized by the Regional Board s Executive Officer to discharge in conformance with the general permit.