CHAPTER 5 - NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

1 NAUTICAL CHART MANUAL - VOLUME 1 - POLICIES AND PROCEDURESS eventh (1992) Edition CHAPTER 5 - NAVIGATIONAL AIDS Department of CommerceOffice of Coast SurveyNATIONAL OCEAN SERVICEO ffice of Coast SurveyMarine Chart DivisionCARTOGRAPHIC ORDER 021/01 December 7, 2001_____FILE WITH NAUTICAL CHART MANUAL, VOLUME 1, PART 2, SECTION : All Cartographers Marine Chart DivisionSUBJECT: Revision of the Temporary Defects Caution Note and the Combined Temporary Defects/Seasonal Aids Caution NoteAPPLICATION: All Affected Nautical ChartsEffective immediately, the content of the last sentence of the Temporary Defects Caution Note shallbe revised from See Notice to Mariners. to See Local Notice to Mariners.

2 CAUTION Temporary changes or defects in aids tonavigation are not indicated on this chart. SeeLocal Notice to Mariners. Effective immediately, the corresponding change shall also be made to the last sentence of the firstparagraph of the Combined Temporary Defects/Seasonal Aids Caution Note. The second paragraphof the combined note replaces an incorrect note in current documentation. CAUTION Temporary changes or defects in aids tonavigation are not indicated on this chart. SeeLocal Notice to Mariners. During some winter months or when endan-gered by ice, certain aids to navigation arereplaced by other types or removed. For details,see Coast Guard Light notes shall be in 7 pt. Swiss Light type, 2" wide, and in to the Notes Cell Library have been made and both notes are available for immediate 5-3 and 5-4 replace the corresponding pages in the Nautical Chart Manual, Volume 1, Part 2,Seventh (1992) IV-20e and IV-20f replace the corresponding pages in the Nautical Chart Manual, Volume 2,Appendix IV: Miscellaneous References, Seventh (1992) E.

3 PeruginiCaptain, NOAAC hief, Marine Chart Division NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE Office of Coast Survey Marine Chart DivisionCARTOGRAPHIC ORDER 023/01 DECEMBER 21, 2001_____File With Nautical Chart Manual Volume 1, Section 5TO: All Cartographers Marine Chart DivisionSUBJECT: Nautical Chart Manual, CHAPTER 5- NAVIGATIONAL Aids: Updating of general information and Embedding of ENC Requirements APPLICATION: All Nautical ChartsEffective immediately, the following attachment replaces the CHAPTER separator and pages 5-1through 5-4; and adds pages through to the Nautical Chart Manual, Volume 1, Part 2,Seventh (1992) the name of CHAPTER 5 from Aids to navigation to NAVIGATIONAL Aids . (The termnavigational aids is the more appropriate categorization of the content of the CHAPTER .)

4 The aids to navigation general information section and embeds the respective ENCencoding CHAPTER separator and pages 5-1 through 5-4 are to be inserted into the Nautical Chart Manual,Volume 1, Part 2, Seventh (1992) Edition immediately before page E. PeruginiCaptain, NOAAC hief, Marine Chart DivisionREVISED DECEMBER 21, 2001 NAUTICAL CHART MANUAL5 NAVIGATIONAL Aid to navigation vs. NAVIGATIONAL AidAn "aid to navigation " is a man-made structure or device external to a craft, and specificallydesigned to assist navigators in determining their position or a safe course, or to warn of dangers orobstructions. When the information is transmitted by light waves, the device is a visual aid tonavigation; if by sound waves, an audible aid to navigation ; and if by radio waves, a radio aid tonavigation.

5 Any aid to navigation using electronic equipment, whether or not radio waves areinvolved, may be considered an electronic aid to navigation . Lights, fog signals, buoys, daybeacons,landmarks, radiobeacons and LORAN-C lattices are the principal aids to navigation shown on term " NAVIGATIONAL aid" is a general term which covers any instrument, device, chart, method,etc., intended to assist in the navigation of a craft. This category encompasses all aids tonavigation , and also includes ranges, course lines, traffic separation schemes, vessel trafficservices, ferries and rescue stations, term "aid to navigation " should not be confused with the more general term navigationalaid . to NavigationAuthorities: The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is the principal authority for establishing andmaintaining aids to navigation in waters.

6 Complete information concerning aids and theircharacteristics can be found in the United States Coast Guard (USCG) Light Lists. Despite the title,the USCG Light Lists not only provide information on lighted aids, they also include informationon fog signals, unlighted buoys, radio-beacons, RDF stations, daybeacons, racons, etc. The CanadianCoast Guard and the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation are equivalent authoritiesfor waters under their aid to navigation to be charted which is not established and maintained by the USCG orequivalent authority, shall be identified on the charts either by the label "Priv" or by naming theagency that is responsible for its : The United Coast Guard Auxiliary is not an authoritative source for the addition orrevision of aids to NAUTICAL CHART MANUALREVISED DECEMBER 21, 2001 Geographic Positions of Aids to navigation Provided by an NOS Field Survey.

7 NOS FieldParty reports which list the geographic positions of lights or daybeacons on NOAA Form 76-40 (seeexample on following page) shall also be considered an official source of an aid revision. When fixedaids are reported as such, it shall be the responsibility of the cartographer to determine the mostcurrent and correct position of the aid. The official Date of Location and positional accuracy shallbe the primary determinants. The Nautical Data Branch , upon the receipt of such a document, shallfurnish USCG Headquarters and the affected USCG local district a copy of the respective form from sources other than the USCG, NOS, the Canadian Coast Guard and the SaintLawrence Seaway Development Corporation, and which report the addition, revision or deletion ofaids to navigation shall be forwarded to the Nautical Data Branch (NDB) for verification with theUSCG.

8 Aid revisions reported from non-official sources shall not be applied before documentationciting USCG approval is received in Lateral System: Aids to navigation are not established in navigable waters haphazardly, butare deployed in accordance with a prescribed pattern. The United States has adopted the lateralsystem, IALA (International Association of Lighthouse Authorities) in which the colors, shapes, andnumbers of lights, buoys, and daybeacons are determined by their location in relation to safe waterand by the general direction taken by the mariner when approaching port from seaward. The lateral system of aid to navigation identification is also applied to (a.) offshore buoys and lightslocated along those coasts and (b.) traffic routes which do not lead distinctly from seaward or towardheadwaters.

9 However, the color and number designations are applied so that even-numbered aidsmark the starboard side when proceeding in a southerly direction along the Atlantic coast, in anortherly and westerly direction along the Gulf coast, and in a northerly direction along the Pacificcoast. The aids in the Intracoastal Waterway are similarly marked in the direction proceeding fromthe north Atlantic states to the lower coast of Texas. These markings are regardless of the compassheadings of individual sections of the waterway. Local Notice to Mariners (LNM) vs. Weekly Notice to Mariner (NM): In general , most changesaffecting newly established, revised, or deleted aids to navigation are first applied to a chart from theLocal Notice to Mariners (LNM). The Local Notice to Mariners is a publication issued by eachUnited States Coast Guard District for the purpose of disseminating information affecting navigationsafety within the district.

10 Although the LNM is usually published weekly, it may be published asoften as required. The LNM shall serve as the primary source document for the application and revision of all aids tonavigation falling in United States waters and under the jurisdiction of the CHART MANUAL Section of NOAA Form 76-40: NONFLOATING AIDS OR LANDMARKS FOR CHARTS(Front)(NOTE: Form is not shown true to scale.) REVISED DECEMBER 21, 2001 Section NAUTICAL CHART MANUALE xample of NOAA Form 76-40: NONFLOATING AIDS OR LANDMARKS FOR CHARTS(Back)(NOTE: Form is not shown true to scale.)REVISED DECEMBER 21, 2001 NAUTICAL CHART MANUALS ection JANUARY 8, 2004 Newly established aids to navigation shall not be charted unless a Light List number has beenassigned to the aid when it is first published in the LNM.