CHAPTER 6 WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISCHARGE

1 CHAPTER 6: WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories CHAPTER 6 WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISCHARGE Volume 5: Waste 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Authors Deborah Bartram (USA), Michael D. Short (Australia), Yoshitaka Ebie (Japan), Juraj Farka (Slovakia), C line Gueguen (France), Gregory M. Peters (Sweden), Nuria Mariana Zanzottera (Argentina), M. Karthik (India) Contributing Authors Shuhei Masuda (Japan) CHAPTER 6: WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Contents 6 WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE .

2 Introduction .. Centralised TREATMENT systems .. Decentralised TREATMENT systems of domestic WASTEWATER (onsite sanitation) .. Emissions from receiving waters .. Changes compared to 1996 Guidelines and Good Practice Guidance .. Changes compared to 2006 IPCC Guidelines .. Methane emissions from WASTEWATER .. Methodological issues .. Domestic WASTEWATER .. Choice of method .. Choice of emission factors .. Choice of activity data .. Time series consistency .. Uncertainties .. QA/QC, Completeness, Reporting and Documentation .. Industrial WASTEWATER .. Choice of method.

3 Choice of emission factors .. Choice of activity data .. Time series consistency .. Uncertainties .. QA/QC, Completeness, Reporting and Documentation .. Nitrous oxide emissions from domestic WASTEWATER .. Methodological issues .. Choice of method .. Choice of emission factors .. Choice of activity data .. Time series consistency .. Uncertainties .. QA/QC, Completeness, Reporting and Documentation .. Nitrous oxide emissions from industrial WASTEWATER .. Methodological issues .. Choice of method .. Choice of emission factors .. Choice of activity data .. Time series consistency.

4 Uncertainties .. QA/QC, Completeness, Reporting and Documentation .. Volume 5: Waste 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Appendix Non-biogenic (fossil) CO2 emissions from WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE : Basis for Future Methodological Development .. Annex Summary data for pit latrine use, no sanitation facility, and groundwater use by country .. Annex Derivation of the maximum CH4 producing potential (Bo) for domestic WASTEWATER .. Annex Estimation of default methane conversion factors for CH4 in centralised WASTEWATER TREATMENT plants treating domestic WASTEWATER .

5 Annex Calculation of MCF for methane emissions from sewage discharges .. Annex Estimation of default emission factors for N2O in domestic WASTEWATER TREATMENT plants .. Annex Estimation of default emission factors for N2O in effluent .. Annex List of countries by region included in Table .. References .. CHAPTER 6: WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Equations Equation (Updated) CH4 emissions from domestic WASTEWATER for each TREATMENT / DISCHARGE pathway or system, j .. Equation (New) Total CH4 emissions from domestic WASTEWATER TREATMENT and DISCHARGE .

6 Equation CH4 emission factor for each domestic WASTEWATER TREATMENT / DISCHARGE pathway or system .. Equation (Updated) Total organically degradable material in domestic WASTEWATER .. Equation (New) Total organics in domestic WASTEWATER by TREATMENT / DISCHARGE pathway or system .. Equation (New) Organic component removed as sludge from aerobic TREATMENT plants .. Equation (New) Organic component removed as sludge from septic systems .. Equation (New) Total organics in treated domestic WASTEWATER effluent .. Equation Total CH4 emissions from industrial WASTEWATER .

7 Equation CH4 emission factor for industrial WASTEWATER .. Equation (Updated) N2O emissions from domestic WASTEWATER TREATMENT plants .. Equation (Updated) N2O emissions from domestic WASTEWATER effluent .. Equation (New) Total nitrogen in domestic WASTEWATER by TREATMENT pathway .. Equation (New) Estimation of protein consumed .. Equation (Updated) Total nitrogen in domestic WASTEWATER effluent .. Equation (New) N2O emissions from industrial WASTEWATER TREATMENT plants .. Equation (New) N2O emissions from industrial WASTEWATER effluent .. Equation (New) Total nitrogen in industrial WASTEWATER .

8 Equation (New) Total nitrogen in industrial WASTEWATER effluent .. Figures Figure (Updated) WASTEWATER TREATMENT systems and DISCHARGE pathways .. Figure (New) Percentage of low-income country populations using pit latrines as a primary sanitation facility .. Figure (Updated) Decision tree for CH4 emissions from domestic WASTEWATER .. Figure (Updated) Decision tree for CH4 emissions from industrial WASTEWATER TREATMENT .. Figure (New) Decision tree for N2O emissions from domestic WASTEWATER .. Figure (New) Nitrogen in domestic WASTEWATER TREATMENT .. Figure (New) Decision tree for N2O emissions from industrial WASTEWATER .

9 Figure (New) Correlation between influent total nitrogen (TN) loading and N2O emissions .. Volume 5: Waste 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Tables Table (Updated) CH4 and N2O emission potentials for WASTEWATER and sludge TREATMENT and DISCHARGE systems .. Table Default maximum CH4 producing capacity (Bo) for domestic WASTEWATER .. Table (Updated) Default MCF values and resultant EFs for domestic WASTEWATER by type of TREATMENT system and DISCHARGE pathway, j .. Table Estimated BOD5 values in domestic WASTEWATER for selected regions and countries .. Table Suggested values for urbanisation (U) and degree of utilisation of TREATMENT , DISCHARGE pathway or method (Ti,j) for each income group for selected countries.

10 Table Example of the application of default values for degrees of TREATMENT utilisation (T) by income groups .. Table (New) Removal of organic component from WASTEWATER as sludge (Krem) according to TREATMENT type .. Table (New) WASTEWATER TREATMENT organics removal fractions (TOWREM) according to TREATMENT type .. Table (Updated) Default uncertainty ranges for domestic WASTEWATER .. Table (Updated) Default MCF values and resultant EFs for industrial WASTEWATER .. Table (New) Default EF values for domestic and industrial WASTEWATER .. Table (New) Default factors for domestic WASTEWATER .. Table (New) Estimate on use of food waste disposal in sewer.