Transcription of Chemistry 30 databook updated 2010 - Alberta
1 Data BookletData BookletUpdated 2010 765432198 Table of Common Polyatomic Ionsacetate (ethanoate)ammoniumbenzoateboratecarbide carbonatehydrogen carbonateperchloratechloratechloritehypo chloritechromatedichromatecyanidehydroxi deiodatenitratenitriteoxalatehydrogen oxalatepermanganateperoxidepersulfidepho sphatehydrogen phosphatedihydrogen phosphatesilicatesulfatehydrogen sulfatesulfitehydrogen sulfitehydrogen sulfidethiocyanatethiosulfateCH3 COO NH4+ C6H5 COO BO33 C22 CO32 HCO3 CIO4 CIO3 CIO2 OCl or CIO Cr O42 Cr2O72 CN OH IO3 NO3 NO2 OOCCOO2 HOOCCOO MnO4 O22 S22 PO43 HPO42 H2PO4
2 SiO32 SO42 HSO4 SO32 HSO3 HS SCN S2O32 hydrogen1 1. +,1 lithium3 +sodium11 +potassium19 +rubidium37 +cesium55 +francium87 (223) +radium88 (226) +barium56 +strontium38 +calcium20 +scandium21 3+titanium22 +, 3+zirconium40 +niobium41 +, 3+vanadium23 +, 4+chromium24 +, 2+hafnium72 +tantalum73 +tungsten74 +rhenium75 +osmium76 +ruthenium44 3+iron26 3+, 2+cobalt27 2+, 3+rhodium45 3+iridium77 4+technetium43 (98)
3 7+manganese25 2+, 4+molybdenum42 +rutherfordium104 (261)Rf dubnium105 (262) Db seaborgiumSg bohrium107 (264)106 (266)Bh hassium108 (277)Hs meitnerium109 (268)Mt yttrium39 +magnesium12 +beryllium4 +lanthanum57 +cerium58 +praseodymium59 +neodymium60 +samarium62 +, 2+promethium 61 (145)Pm 3+actinium89 (227) +4+thorium90 +protactinium91 +, 4+uranium92 +, 4+plutonium94 (244) +, 6+neptunium 93 (237)Np 5+ReferencesLide, 2005.
4 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 86th ed. Boca Raton: CRC , James G. 2005. Lange s Handbook of Chemistry . 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, commission on atomic weights and isotopic abundances. 2002. and actinide series begin18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Note: The legend denotes the physical state of the elements at exactly kPa and K. Legend for Elements Most stable ion charges Name Atomic molar mass (g/mol)* Symbol Electronegativity Atomic number Key iron 26 Fe 3+, 2+ europium 63 151.
5 96 Eu 3+, 2+ americium 95 (243) Am 3+, 4+ gadolinium 64 Gd 3+ curium 96 (247) Cm 3+ terbium 65 Tb 3+ berkelium 97 (247) Bk 3+, 4+ dysprosium 66 Dy 3+ californium 98 (251) Cf 3+ holmium 67 Ho 3+ einsteinium 99 (252) Es 3+ erbium 68 Er 3+ fermium 100 (257) Fm 3+ thulium 69 Tm 3+ mendelevium 101 (258) Md 2+, 3+ ytterbium 70 Yb 3+, 2+ nobelium 102 (259) No 2+, 3+ lutetium 71 Lu 3+ lawrencium 103 (262) Lr 3+ aluminium 13 Al 3+ boron 5 B silicon 14 Si carbon 6 C arsenic 33 As phosphorus 15 P nitrogen 7 selenium 34 Se sulfur 16 S oxygen 8 tellurium 52 Te bromine 35 Br chlorine 17 fluorine 9 iodine 53 I astatine 85 (210)
6 At krypton 36 argon 18 neon 10 helium 2 xenon 54 radon 86 (222) gallium 31 Ga 3+ indium 49 In 3+ thallium 81 Tl 1+, 3+ germanium 32 Ge 4+ tin 50 Sn 4+, 2+ lead 82 * * The isotopic mix of naturally occurring lead is more variable than other elements, preventing precision to greater than tenths of a gram per 2+, 4+ antimony 51 Sb 3+, 5+ bismuth 83 Bi 902 254 3+, 5+ polonium 84 (209)
7 Po 2+, 4+ zinc 30 Zn 2+ cadmium 48 Cd 2+ mercury 80 Hg 2+, 1+ copper 29 Cu 2+, 1+ silver 47 Ag 1+ gold 79 Au 3+, 1+ nickel 28 Ni 2+, 3+ palladium 46 Pd 2+, 3+ platinum 78 Pt 4+, 2+ roentgenium 111 (272) Rg darmstadtium 110 (271) Ds He Ne Ar Cl F O N Kr Xe Rn * Based on C ( ) Indicates mass of the most stable isotope 126 Metallic solidsNon-metallic solids Gases Liquids 2 Chemistry NotationSymbolTerm Unit(s)cspecific heat capacity J/(g.)
8 C) or J/( )E standard electrical potentialV or J/C Ekkinetic energykJEppotential energykJ Henthalpy (heat)kJ fH standard molar enthalpy of formationkJ/molIcurrentA or C/sKcequilibrium constant Kaacid ionization (dissociation) constant Kbbase ionization (dissociation) constant Mmolar massg/molmmassgnamount of substancemolPpressurekPaQchargeCTtempera ture (absolute)Kttemperature (Celsius) CttimesVvolumeLcamount concentrationmol/LSymbolTerm delta (change in) standard[ ]amount C is equivalent to KSpecific Heat Capacities at K and kPacair= J/(g.
9 C)cpolystyrene foam cup= J/(g. C)ccopper= J/(g. C)caluminium= J/(g. C)ciron= J/(g. C)ctin= J/(g. C)cwater= J/(g. C)Water Autoionization Constant (Dissociation Constant)Kw = 10 14 at K (for ion concentrations in mol/L)Faraday ConstantF = 104 C/mol e Quadratic Formulaxabbac242!=--Selected SI Prefixes PrefixExponential Symbol Va lueteraT1012gigaG109megaM106kilok103mill im10 3micro 10 6nanon10 9picop10 124 Standard Molar Enthalpies of Formation at KNameFormula fH (kJ/mol)aluminium oxideAl2O3(s) 1 (g) chlorideNH4Cl(s) nitrateNH4NO3(s) carbonateBaCO3(s) 1 chlorideBaCl2(s) hydroxideBa(OH)2(s) 94 oxideBaO(s) sulfateBaSO4(s) 1 (l) + (g) carbonateCaCO3(s) 1 chlorideCaCl2(s) hydroxideCa(OH)2(s) oxideCaO(s)
10 SulfateCaSO4(s) 1 dioxideCO2(g) monoxideCO(g) 110. 5chromium(III) oxideCr2O3(s) 1 (I) oxideCu2O(s) (II) oxideCuO(s) (II) sulfateCuSO4(s) (I) sulfideCu2S(s) (II) sulfideC uS(s) tetroxideN2O4(g) + (g) acid (acetic acid)CH3 COOH(l) (l) 2 (ethylene)C2H4(g) + (acetylene)C2H2(g) +2 2 (s) 1 bromideHBr(g) chlorideHCl(g) fluorideHF(g) iodideHI(g) + perchlorateHClO4(l) peroxideH2O2(l) 18 7. 8hydrogen sulfideH2S(g) (II) oxideFeO(s) (III) oxideFe2O3(s) (II,III) oxide (magnetite)Fe3O4(s) 1 (II) bromidePbBr2(s) (II) chloridePbCl2(s) (II) oxide (red)PbO(s) (IV) oxidePbO2(s) 2 carbonateMgCO3(s) 1 chlorideMgCl2(s) 6 Molar Enthalpies of Formation at K cont dNameFormula fH (kJ/mol)magnesium hydroxideMg(OH)2(s) oxideMgO(s) sulfateMgSO4(s) 1 (II) oxideMnO(s) (IV) oxideMnO2(s) (II) oxide (red)HgO(s) (II) sulfide (red)HgS(s)
