China’s Achievements, New Goals and New Measures for …

1 (UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION) China s Achievements, New Goals and New Measures for nationally Determined Contributions1 1 This is an unofficial translation. In case of any divergence, the official text in the Chinese language shall prevail. i Contents INTRODUCTION .. 1 I. CHINA S PHILOSOPHY AND Goals ON ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE .. 1 (I) China s Philosophy on Climate Change .. 1 (II) China s New Goals for NDCs .. 2 (III) Challenges Faced by China in Attaining the New Goals .. 2 II. POSITIVE RESULTS ACHIEVED IN THE NDC IMPLEMENTATION .. 4 (I) Continuous Improvement in Institutional System on Climate Change.

2 5 1. Including climate change into economic and social development plans .. 5 2. Improving the systems and mechanisms on climate change .. 5 3. Establishing mechanisms for the decomposition and implementation of carbon emissions control targets .. 6 4. Making progress in carbon emissions trading market .. 6 (II) Significant Progress in the Control of GHG emissions .. 8 1. Groping for new low-carbon development models .. 8 2. Initially building a low-carbon energy system .. 8 3. Expanding system of green and low-carbon industries .. 13 4. Promoting GHG emissions control from urban-rural development and construction area.

3 16 5. Expediting the formation of low-carbon transportation system .. 18 6. Energy conservation and efficiency improvement led by public institutions .. 20 7. Increasing carbon sinks .. 20 (III) Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change .. 22 1. Issuing and implementing the National Strategy on Climate Change Adaptation .. 22 2. Taking actions on climate change adaptation in key areas .. 22 3. Advancing actions on climate change adaptation in key fields .. 24 4. Improving monitoring, early warning, and disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities.

4 26 (IV) Initial Results Achieved in Supporting and Safeguard Systems .. 26 1. Gradual establishment of GHG emissions statistical accounting system .. 26 2. Increasing funding and policy support .. 28 3. Growing technological support .. 29 4. Improving mechanisms for social participation .. 31 III. NEW Measures TO IMPLEMENT THE UPDATED NDC Goals .. 33 (I) Advance the Work on Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality in a coordinated and orderly manner .. 33 1. Boost the comprehensive green transition of socio-economic development .. 33 2. Deepen the action to peak CO2 emissions.

5 34 3. Advance energy production and consumption revolution .. 34 4. Intensify the dual control of total energy consumption and energy intensity .. 34 5. Actively promote a green and low-carbon transformation of the industrial sector .. 35 6. Comprehensively promote green and low-carbon development in the urban rural construction .. 35 ii 7. Expedite the construction of green and low-carbon transportation system .. 36 8. Press for emissions reduction and efficiency improvement in agriculture .. 36 9. Promote high-level environmental protection.

6 37 10. Strengthen the market-based mechanisms including carbon trading .. 37 11. Launch demonstrations on carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality .. 38 12. Keep consolidating and increasing ecosystem carbon sinks .. 38 13. Effectively control non-CO2 GHG emissions .. 39 (II) New Policies and New Measures for Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change .. 40 1. Develop the Adaptation Strategy 2035 .. 40 2. Enhancement of resilience of natural ecosystems to the impacts of climate change .. 40 3. Enhance adaptability in the economic and social fields .. 40 4.

7 Build a regional pattern of climate change adaptation .. 41 (III) Strengthen the Supporting and Safeguard Systems .. 41 IV. PROMOTING INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE .. 43 (I) Construct a Equitable, Mutually Beneficial Global Climate Governance System .. 43 (II) Positive Results in International Cooperation on Climate Change .. 44 (III) Further Expansion of International Cooperation .. 47 Annex I: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region s Climate Change Target and Progress .. 49 Annex II: Macao Special Administrative Region s Climate Change Target and Progress.

8 53 1 INTRODUCTION Climate change is a grim challenge facing all mankind. Human activities since the industrial revolution, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large-scale fossil fuel consumption of developed countries, have led to a drastic increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. As a result, global climate change has been aggravated, posing a huge threat to global ecosystem security and socio-economic development of developing countries. Man and nature form a community of life.

9 Addressing climate change is a common cause of the human race. It requires the international community to uphold multilateralism, pursue green and low-carbon development, and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind. China is a developing country with a population up to billion. It is facing multiple challenges including economic development, people s livelihood improvement, and environmental protection, coupled with the prominent contradiction of unbalanced and inadequate development. China is also among countries most severely affected by climate change.

10 Climate change has exerted persistent impacts on China s ecological environment and socio-economic development, and already brought serious threats to its food, water, ecology, energy, and urban operation security, as well as people s safety and property. China attaches high importance to addressing climate change. As President Xi Jinping reiterated, to address climate change is not at others request but on China s own initiative. It is what China needs to do to achieve sustainable development at home, as well as to fulfill its due obligation to build a community with a shared future for mankind.