Civics FINAL EXAM Study Guide Name Class EXAM DATE …

1 Civics FINAL EXAM Study Guide Name_____ Class _____ EXAM DATE _____ Topics Covered w/ Textbook location: Citizenship CH3 Types/Forms of government CH3 Foundations of American Govt. CH4 government then and now CH5 The Constitution The Bill of Rights & Other Amendments CH6 Legislative, Executive, Judicial Branches CH 7, 8, 9 Types of Law & Trial Process CH15/16 State & Local Govt. CH13/14 Political Parties CH10 Election Process CH 11 Opinion & the Media CH 12 Foreign Policy CH8/25 Answer these questions in complete sentences on lined paper. *IMPORTANT* Use your notebook to help and write the notebook page and/or textbook page that has the answer on it. Citizenship 1. What are the two ways to be a legal citizen? 1.) born in the US/parents are citizens 2.) naturalization process 2.

2 What is a naturalized citizen? The legal process to become a citizen. 3. What are the steps to become a naturalized citizen? 1.) application (on intent) 2.) Talk with customs official 3.)citizenship exam 4.) attend ceremony 4. What are some of the responsibilities and duties of citizens? Name three of each. Responsibilities: be informed and vote respect the rights and property of others respect different opinions and ways of life participate in government and your community Duties: Obey the law Defend the nation Attend school Serve on juries Pay taxes Types of government (textbook pages 73-77) 1. What are the functions of government ? (textbook pg. 71, wb pg 40) Keep order Provide services Provide security Guide the community (develop public policy, manage the economy, conduct foreign relations) 2. What does it mean to be authoritarian? One person or a small group hold all the power Totalitarian?

3 government controls people s lives 3. What does it mean to be democratic? a government in which the people govern themselves, fair elections 4. Which form of government has an inherited ruler? Absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy 5. Which form and system of government do we have in the Representative democracy and a federal system meaning that the power is shared between the federal/central government and the states 6. Who holds the power in our form of government ? We the people Which principle is this? consent of the governed and/or popular sovereignty (principles = textbook pg. 74) 7. Define confederal system, unitary system and parliamentary. Confederal consists of member states that have joined together voluntarily Unitary central government is supreme Parliamentary- power is predominantly with the parliament (the legislature and usually led by a prime minister) and a king/queen 8.

4 What are the principles of American democracy? 1.) rule of law 2.) limited government 3.) consent of the governed 4.) individual rights 5.) representative government 6.) free, fair, and competitive elections Foundations of American government 1. What ideas came from the Mayflower Compact? Self- government , Social Contract 2. What ideas came from the Magna Carta? Limited government and Rule of Law 3. What ideas came from the English Bill of Rights? Gave certain rights to citizens (trial by jury of peers, no cruel and unusual punishment, more rights to the nobels) 4. What ideas came from Thomas Paine s Common Sense? Colonists should resist the king s abuse of power because it is common sense to want to be free to govern themselves. 5. What ideas from John Locke are evident in the Declaration of Independence? In the Declaration of Natural Rights section: natural rights, God given rights, men are created equal, life, liberty and pursuit of happiness.

5 6. What ideas from Montesquieu are evident in the Constitution? Three branches of government , checks and balances 7. How do you know the colonists were upset with British rule? List of grievances in the Declaration of Independence, Boston Tea Party What are some things from history that show you that? Boycotts, smuggling, Boston Tea Party, 1st and 2nd Continental Congress 8. What was the document in which colonists declared they were free from British control? Declaration of Independence 9. What are the sections of the Declaration of Independence? Preamble- explains what the Declaration is Declaration of Natural Rights- Jefferson lists Americans natural rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness) Grievances- list of the colonists issues with King George III Resolution of Independence- this is a letter to the world that we are FREE 10. What was America s first Constitution called?

6 Articles of Confederation 11. Why did our first Constitution not work? No taxes, no military, no central government , no regulation of trade, no judicial branch, no executive branch, decisions had to be unanimous with all 13 colonies. Give two specific examples. Shay s Rebellion: couldn t protect citizens, Constitutional Convention to rewrite the Articles of Confederation. 12. Who were the Federalists? Wanted a strong central government stronger than the states Anti-Federalists? Didn t want central government to be stronger than the states What was the difference in thinking between the two groups? Anti-Federalists didn t want the Constitution because the states had to give up some powers and there was no Bill of Rights and both sides wrote essays called the Federalist Papers. The Constitution 1. What are the purposes of government ? (Know the Preamble School House Rock song) Form more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessing of liberty 2.

7 The 1st three articles of the Constitution describe the three branches of government and their powers. What are the three branches of government ? What does each do? Who is in each? Executive branch president enforces laws Legislative branch congress makes laws Judicial branch Supreme Court interprets the law 3. What is the Supremacy Clause? What does it say? Constitution is supreme law of the land. States can do nothing that goes against the Constitution or federal law. 4. We have three branches of government . Which principle says that the government power should be separated? Who gave the Framers this idea? Separation of powers Montesquieu 5. Explain the difference between state and national powers? Where are these defined? What are state powers called? What are federal powers in the Constitution called? Does Congress have any additional powers not listed in the Constitution?

8 National powers Enumerated or expressed powers State powers reserved powers Shared powers concurrent powers All found in Article IV of Constitution Concept is called Federalism Congress can make laws if they deem it necessary and proper. This is due to the elastic clause. 6. Can the Constitution be changed? If so, is the process easy? What are the steps? 2 ways to change the Constitution: By Congress: Proposed by a 2/3 vote of both houses of a special constitutional conventions called by the 50 states. OR By states: A constitutional convention is called by Congress because 2/3 of the states petitioned to address a new amendment. of the state legislatures vote for it. 7. Who has the FINAL authority for interpreting the Constitution? The Supreme Court The Bill of Rights and Other Amendments 1. What are the rights of the accused? 4th amendment: Law enforcement must have probable cause and a search warrant 5th amendment: Must be indicted by a grand jury (formally charged) No double jeopardy No self-incrimination (plead the 5th) Due process (following set legal procedures) Eminent domain your property can t be seized (taken) by the government unless you are paid a fair price and the government needs the land for public use or need.

9 6th amendment: Informed of charges Speedy, public trial by fair jury Hear, call, and question witnesses Right to a lawyer 8th amendment: No excessive bail and No cruel and unusual punishment 2. Amendment 9 says people have more rights. Can you explain this? Guarantees that the rights enumerated in the Constitution would not be construed as denying or jeopardizing other rights of the people. 3. Amendment 10 says any powers not given to the federal government in the Constitution go to ____? Give some examples. The states Examples: Administer elections, establish local governments, protect public welfare and safety, marriage laws, set up public schools The Bill of Rights (Chapter 6) Key points from Amendment: 1st Amendment [Hint: RAPPS] Religion, assemble, petition, press, speech 2nd Amendment - Right to bear arms 3rd Amendment - No quartering of soldiers 4th Amendment - Search and seizure must have warrant 5th Amendment 4.

10 Due process follow legal procedures 5. indictment by Grand Jury 6. formal charge of your crime 7. trial by jury 8. double jeopardy can t be tried twice for same crime 9. eminent domain can t take your property without compensation 6th Amendment - Fair and speedy jury trial, right to a lawyer, right to bring witnesses 7th Amendment - Guaranteed jury trial 8th Amendment - No cruel and unusual punishment and no excessive bail and fines 9th Amendment - Limitations of rights - your rights cannot be taken away just because it isn t mentioned in the Constitution 10th Amendment Reserved powers to the states what is not mentioned in Constitution Other Amendments 13th Amendment - Abolishes slavery (1865) and grants Congress power to enforce abolition (abolishment of slavery). 14th Amendment - Defines US citizenship; guarantees all citizens equal protection of the laws. 15th Amendment - Prohibits restrictions on the right to vote based on race and color (1870).