COMBAT TRAINING WITH PISTOLS AND REVOLVERS

1 FIELD *FM 23-35 HEADQUARTERSDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYW ashington, DC, 3 October 1988 COMBAT TRAINING with PISTOLS AND REVOLVERSDISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION:Distribution authorized toUS Government agencies and their contractors toprotect technical or operational information fromautomatic dissemination under the InternationalExchange Program or by other protectionapplies to publications required solely for officialuse and for those containing valuable technical oroperational determination was madeon 15 October requests for this documentwill be referred to Commandant, US Army InfantrySchool, ATTN:ATSH-IN-S3,Fort Benning, NOTICE--Destroy by any method that willprevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction ofthe document.*This publication supersedes FM 23-35, 24 September manual provides guidance on the operation andmarksmanship of the pistol , M9, 9-mm; pistol ,M1911A1, ; and the revolver , caliber.

2 Reflects current Army standards in is a guide for the instructor todevelop TRAINING programs, plans, and lessons thatmeet the objectives of the United States ArmyMarksmanship Program for developing COMBAT soldier develops confidence, knowledge,and skills by following the guidelines in proponent of this publication is HQ changes for improving this publication on DAForm 2028 (Recommended Changes to publications andBlank Forms) and forward it to Commandant, US ArmyInfantry School, ATTN:ATSH-IN-S3, Fort Benning, otherwise stated, whenever the masculinegender is used,both men and women are 23-35iCHAPTER 1US ARMY , SEMIAUTOMATIC, 9-MM, M9 The M9 pistol is a 9-mm semiautomatic, magazine-fed,recoil-operated, double-action weapon chamberedfor the 9-mm magazine has a NATOS ystem of Operation------Short recoil, semiautomaticLocking System---------------------------------- ------Oscillating blockLength---------------------------21 7 mm ( inches)Width---------------------------- --38 mm ( inches)Height--------------------------- 140 mm ( inches)Weight with Empty Magazine------------------------960 grams ( pounds)Weight with15-Round Magazine---------------------------- 1,145 grams ( pounds)Barrel Length-------- ------------l25 mm ( inches)

3 Rifling , six-groove (pitch250 mm [about 10 inches])Muzzle Velocity-----------------375 meters per second(1, feet per second)Muzzle newton meters (430foot pounds)Maximum Range ------------1,800 meters (1, yards)Maximum Effective Range--------50 meters ( yards)Front Sight----------------Blade, integral with slideRear Sight-----------Notched bar, dovetailed to slideSighting Radius------------------158 mm ( inches)Safety Features---------------Decocking/safety lever,firing pin (half-cocked notch)--------Prevents Load------------------------------------ --45 roundsTrigger Pull------------------------------Single -Action: poundsDouble- pounds1-1 NOTE :For additional information on technical aspectsof the M9 pistol see TM HALF-COCKED POSITION CATCHES THE HAMMER ANDPREVENTS IT FROM FIRING IF THE HAMMER ISRELEASED WHILE MANUALLY COCKING THE WEAPON.

4 ITIS NOT TO BE USED AS A SAFETY WILL FIRE FROM THE HALF-COCKED POSITIONIF THE TRIGGER IS M9 pistol has a short recoil system using afalling locking pressure developed by theexpanding gases of a fired round recoils the slide andbarrel a short run, the locking blockis disengaged from the slide,the barrel stops againstthe frame,and the slide continues its slide then extracts and ejects thefired cartridge case, cocks the hammer, and compressesthe recoil slide moves forward feedingthe cartridge from the magazine into the and barrel assembly remain open after the lastcartridge has been fired and , AUTOMATIC,.45 CALIBER, M1911 ANDM1911A1 The M1911 and M1911A1 PISTOLS are semiautomatic,.45-caliber,recoil-operate d, magazine-fed, single-action magazine has a inchesSystem of Operation---------------------Short recoil,semiautomaticLength-------------- ---------------------8 5/8 inchesWeight with Empty poundsWeight with Full Magazine--------------------3 poundsLength of , six groove(Pitch 1 in 16 inches)

5 Muzzle Velocity-------------------830 feet per secondMuzzle Energy-----------------------17,000 pounds persquare inchMaximum Range----------------------------1,500 metersMaximum Effective Range-------------------- 50 metersFront Sight----------------Blade, integral with slide1-2 Rear Sight -----------Notched bar, dovetailed to slideSight inchesSafety Features------------------Manual safety lever,grip safety,half-cock positionBasic Load---------------------------------21 roundsTrigger Pull------------------------5 to 6 1/2 poundsb.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) time a cartridge is fired, the parts insidethe weapon function in a given isknown as the functioning cycle or cycle cycle of operation of the weapon is dividedinto eight steps:feeding, cambering, locking,firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, steps are listed in the order inwhich functioning occurs.

6 However, more than onestep may occur at the same magazine containing ammunition is placed in slide is pulled fully to the rearand the slide moves forward, itstrips the top round from the magazine and pushesit into the hammer remains in thecocked position,and the weapon is ready weapon fires one round each time the triggeris time a cartridge is fired, theslide and barrel recoil or move a short distancelocked permits the bullet andexpanding powder gases to escape from the muzzlebefore the unlocking is barrel then unlocks from the slide andcontinues to the rear,extracting the cartridgecase from the chamber and ejecting it from this rearward movement themagazine feeds another cartridge, the recoilspring is compressed, and the hammer is the end of the rearward movement, the recoilspring expands,forcing the slide forward,locking the barrel and slide is ready to fire same cycle ofoperation continues until the ammunition (7)As the last round is fired, the magazine springexerts upward pressure on the magazine stop on the follower strikes the slide stop,forcing it into the recess on the bottom of theslide and locking the slide to the indicates that the magazine is empty andaids in faster :For additional information on the technicalaspects of the caliber.

7 45 pistol seeTM , CALIBER .38 There are six basic caliber .38 service revolversin use by the is a 2-inch barreled, .38-caliber revolver made by Smith and Wesson; five are 4-inch barreled,.38-caliber REVOLVERS --three made byRuger, and two by Smith and 2-inchbarreled revolver is used mainly by Army CID andcounterintelligence 4-inch barreledrevolvers are used by aviators and military and inchesSystem of Operation-------------------Rotated chamberLength:2-Inch Barrel --------------------7 1/4 inches4-Inch Barrel --------------------9 1/4 inchesWeight:2-Inch ounces4-inch ouncesLength of Barrel--------------------2 inches/4 inchesMuzzle Velocity-------------------950 feet per secondMuzzle Energy ------------------16,000 per square inchMaximum Range.

8 2-Inch Barrel---------------868 meters4-Inch Barrel---------------992 metersMaximum Effective Range -----45 meters (2-inch barrel)60 meters (4-inch barrel)Front Sight --------------Fixed 1/8-inch serrated rampRear Sight-------------------------------Squa re notchSafety Features -----------No manually operated safetyBasic Load----------------------------------18 inchesSystem of Operation-------------------Rotated chamberLength--------------------------- --------9 1/4 inchesWeight---------------------------- ----------33 ounces1-4 Length of Barrel-----------------------------4 inchesMuzzle Velocity-------------------950 feet per secondMuzzle Energy------------------16,000 per square inchMaximum Range------------------------------992 metersMaximum Effective Range---------------------60 metersFront Sight-------------------------------Fixe d bladeRear Sight-------------------------------Fixe d grooveSafety Features -----------No manually operated safetyBasic Load----------------------------------18 roundsb.

9 (1)(a)(b)(2)(a)(b)(3) firing single-action, the hammer is pulledback ,and the sear engaged the full-cock notch inthe and Wesson:Pulling the trigger lowers thehammer block,allowing the hammer to :Pulling the trigger raises the transferbar into the firing position between the hammerand firing pin,allowing the hammer to strike thefiring firing double-action, the trigger engages the sear, raising thehammer to nearly full-cock on the trigger allows the sear to escapefrom the trigger and the hammer to and Wesson:When the trigger is squeezed,the rebound slide pivots the hammer blockdownward,striking the cartridge :When the trigger is squeezed and held tothe rear,the transfer bar passes force from thetransfer bar to the firing pin, striking thecartridge the trigger is not held tothe rear, the hammer rests directly on the frameand the transfer bar remains below the cylinder stop (Smith and Wesson) or latch(Ruger) prevents the cylinder from making morethan one-sixth of a revolution each time theweapon is cylinder stop/latchwithdraws from the cylinder as the trigger trigger hand (Smith and Wesson) or pawlRuger) pivots and engages the ratchet on theextractor/ejector portion of the slips off of the cylinder stop/latch asit continues cylinder stop/latchthen engages the next.

10 Firing the Ruger, the trigger mustremain all the way back till the hammer the trigger is released before the hammerfalls,the weapon will not firing theSmith and Wesson,the weapon fires only whenthe trigger is pulled all the way additional information on the technicalaspects of the see tm 9 -1005-226-14and tm 9 -1005-205-14& 2 MARKSMANSHIP TRAININGS ection OF TRAININGM arksmanship TRAINING is divided into two phases:preparatory marksmanship TRAINING and range phase may be divided into separate marksmanship TRAINING must be marksmanship techniques should be practicedafter the basics have been main use of the pistol or revolver is toengage an enemy at close range with quick, shooting results from knowing andcorrectly applying the elements of of COMBAT pistol or revolver .