CONVERSION TABLE - Ebara

1 130131 CONVERSION TABLER eference132133SI UNITR eferenceItemForcePressureMassSpeedViscos ityDynamic ViscocitySpecific heatWork energyPowerExisting Unit (SI Unit)1kgf ( = )1kgf/cm3 ( = )1mAq ( = )1mmHg ( = ) ( = ) ( = )1kcal ( = ) ( = )1PS ( = x 10-1kW )1kcal/h ( = x 10-3kW )Mass: 1kg ( =1kg )Revolution speed: ( =1min-1)1cP ( = )1cSt ( = 1mm2/s )1 ( = ( ) )SI Unit1N ( = )1 MPa ( = )1kPa ( = )1kPa ( = )1MJ ( = x )1J ( = x )1KJ ( = x 10-1kcal )1kW ( = x )1kW ( = )1kW ( = x 102kcal/h)Mass: 1kg ( =1kg )Revolution speed: 1min-1( = ) ( = 1cP )1mm2/s ( = 1cSt )1kJ/( ) ( = / ( ) )TRANSLATION TO UNIT (SI) TO DETERMINE: AMPERES, HORSEPOWER, KILOWATTS, AND KVATo findAmperes when horsepower is knownDirect x 746E x % x 746E x %Eff.

2 X x x E x %Eff. x when kilowatt is x 1000EI x E1000I x E x % x 1000E x x x E x when KVA is x x x EKilowattsI x E x x E x x x x E 1000I x E x outputI x E x %Eff. x x E x x % :A : AmperesE : Volts%Eff. : per cent : Power : KilowattsKVA : : HorsepowerI: CurrentELECTRICAL DATA132133SI UNITR eferenceItemForcePressureMassSpeedViscos ityDynamic ViscocitySpecific heatWork energyPowerExisting Unit (SI Unit)1kgf ( = )1kgf/cm3 ( = )1mAq ( = )1mmHg ( = ) ( = ) ( = )1kcal ( = ) ( = )1PS ( = x 10-1kW )1kcal/h ( = x 10-3kW )Mass: 1kg ( =1kg )Revolution speed: ( =1min-1)1cP ( = )1cSt ( = 1mm2/s )1 ( = ( ) )SI Unit1N ( = )1 MPa ( = )1kPa ( = )1kPa ( = )1MJ ( = x )1J ( = x )1KJ ( = x 10-1kcal )1kW ( = x )1kW ( = )1kW ( = x 102kcal/h)Mass: 1kg ( =1kg )Revolution speed: 1min-1( = ) ( = 1cP )1mm2/s ( = 1cSt )1kJ/( ) ( = / ( ) )TRANSLATION TO UNIT (SI) TO DETERMINE.

3 AMPERES, HORSEPOWER, KILOWATTS, AND KVATo findAmperes when horsepower is knownDirect x 746E x % x 746E x %Eff. x x x E x %Eff. x when kilowatt is x 1000EI x E1000I x E x % x 1000E x x x E x when KVA is x x x EKilowattsI x E x x E x x x x E 1000I x E x outputI x E x %Eff. x x E x x % :A : AmperesE : Volts%Eff. : per cent : Power : KilowattsKVA : : HorsepowerI: CurrentELECTRICAL DATACOMMONLY USE PUMP FORMULASR eferenceHEAD AND PRESSUREBRAKE HORSEPOWER OR BRAKE KILOWATTTo determine the horsepower or kilowatt required, the following formulas can be used: = )tf( daeH = )m( daeHHead (m) = Head (ft) x (ft) = Head (m) x ) Brake horsepower =b) Brake horsepower =c) Brake Kilowatt =Where n = Speed, Q = Flow, H = Head, P = PowerFORMULASV =Total Head (ft) x IGPM x Sp.

4 Efficiency % x 3300pressure (kPa) x specific gravitypressure (bar) x gravity;pressure (psi) x gravityTotal Head (ft) x USGPM x Sp. efficiency % x 3960 Total Head (m) x m3/hr x Sp. efficiency % x 367 GPM x x psiSp. Gr.*=GPM x ( )2V2 = 2 gHH = x inches of mercurySp. Gr.*H = + AP 1 (Baume)Sp. Gr.*= in feet / secondgallons per minutearea in square inchesinside diameter of pipe in ft. /sec. in feethorsepowerSpecific gravity*pounds per square inch=========AFFINITY LAWUSEFUL FORMULASQ2Q1n2n1=H2H1n2n1=,( )2P2P1n2n1=,( )3* These equivalents are based on a specific gravity of 1 for water at 62 F for English units and a specific gravity of 1 for water at 15 C for metric units. They can be used, with little error, for cold water of any temperature between 32 F and 80 F.

5 134135 CALCULATING PUMP HEADR eferenceHAZEN-WILLIAMS FORMULACALCULATING FRICTION LOSSESH= If= I . LHf= :I: Hydraulic gradientQ: Quantity of flow (m3/s)C: Flow velocity coefficient (Refer to TABLE ) Tar-epoxy coated pipes: 130 Mortar lined pipes: 130 Vinyl chloride pipes: 150D: Pipe diameter (m)L: Total length of pipeline (m)Where :Hatm: atmospheric pressure (m)NPSHr: net positive suction head required by the pump (m)Hf: friction loss in suction line and fittings (m)Hv: liquid vapour pressure (m)Hs: safety margin allowance (m) TABLE Flow velocity Coefficients for Various Type Pipes (For Straight Pipe)Pipe type (inside surface)Flow velocity coefficientMax. valueMin. value Standard valueCast iron pipe (without coating)*Steel pipe (without coating)*Coal tar coated pipe (cast iron)*Tar-epoxy coated pipe (steel)**Mortar lined pipe (steel, cast iron)Centrifugal reinforced concrete pipeRolling press reinforced concrete pipePressed concrete pipeAsbestos cement pipeHard vinyl chloride pipe**Hard polyethylene pipe**Reinforced plastics pipe**150801001509010014580100_____13015 0120130140120130140120130140120130160140 140160140150170130150160___150 This formula is applied where flows are in transitional range (of roughness/smoothness), and is commonly applicable to the calculation of loss heads for relatively long pipelines such as irrigation water lifting, city water supply, or sewage water MAXIMUM SUCTION LIFTFor mortar lined pipe.

6 C = 110 For coated steel pipe : c = 110 (bends included)For vinyl chloride pipe : c = 110 Suction Lift (m) =Hatm- NPSHr - Hf - Hv - HsNotes :* Changes due to time passage have been taken into account.** The coating method should conform to JWWAK-115-1974, and preferably the coating thickness should be or more. In addition, where adequate management/control is expected to be difficult for coating work at site, this should not be applied.** C = 150 should be applied to pipes with a diameter of 150mm or values listed on the TABLE do not include loss heads due to pipe shapes, such as bends, expansion, reduction in diameters, etc. Therefore, when obtaining the total loss heads, such individual losses as described above should be added to the straight line loss.

7 However, the following values may be used to calculate approximate loss values if bends or other shape changes cannot be accurately POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD (NPSH)ReferenceNet Positive Suction Head (NPSHR)NPSHR is dependent upon the pump design and is determined by the pump manufacturer. NPSHR is an important value which greatly contributes to the successful operation of a centrifugal pump. It is the amount of positive head in metre of liquid absolute required at the pump suction to prevent vaporization or cavitation of the fluid. NPSHR values usually vary with pump capacity and are based on clear water with a specific gravity of Positive Suction Head Available (NPSHA)NPSHA is dependent upon the system in which the pump operates. NPSHA is the amount of head or pressure that is available to prevent vaporization or cavitation of the fluid in the system.

8 It is the amount of head available above the vapor pressure of the liquid at a specified temperature and is measured in metre of liquid absolute .NPSHA=(P1 - Pv) x Gr.+ Z1 - HfsWhereP1 : Absolute pressure on liquid surface in pressure is equal to gauge reading plus atmospheric common examples are:1. Open tank - No gage reading so absolute pressure equals atmospheric pressure or psia at sea Closed tank under pressure - Add gage reading in psi to atmospheric pressure to get total absolute Closed tank under vacuum - Subtract vacuum reading in inches of mercury from atmospheric pressure in inches of mercury (30 inches at sea level) and convert to psia by multiplying by . = (30 - Vacuum) x .49Pv : Vapor pressure of liquid in psia at pump : Height of liquid surface above pump suction, measured in ft.

9 If surface is below pump, use minus : Friction loss in ft of liquid in suction pipe including entrance loss from tank to pipe, and losses in all valves, elbows and other : Specific gravity of liquid being vs. NPSHRTo prevent vaporization or cavitation of the liquid in the suction side of the pump and to ensure rated pumpperformance, NPSHA must be greater or equal to the is : NPSHA NPSHR136 Recommended outlet diameterRecommended inlet diameterPressure drops (Pc) in metres, water column, for every hundred metres of new piping in cast of the liquid in the piping in metres/second (V m/s). CAPACITYm3/h3691215182124273036424854607 5901051201351501651802102402703003604204 8054060066072078084090096010201080114012 00Pc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/sPc %Vm/s25 32 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 17 6 24 6 2

10 20 7 32 22 12 0. 24 17 7 1 1 12 5,7 3 1 14 7 3,5 2 17 16 4,5 0. 37 21 10 6 3,6 25 3 16 9 20 26 26 9 11 4 13 21