Cycle Infrastructure Design - …

1 Local Transport Note 2/08 October 2008 Cycle Infrastructure Design Local Transport Note 2/08 Cycle Infrastructure Design Department for Transport Scottish Executive Welsh Assembly Government London: TSO Published by TSO (The Stationery Office) and available from: Online Mail, Telephone, Fax & E mail TSO PO Box 29, Norwich NR3 1GN Telephone orders/General enquiries: 0870 6005522 Fax orders: 0870 6005533 E mail: Textphone: 0870 240 3701 TSO Shops 16 Arthur Street, Belfast BT1 4GD 028 9023 8451 Fax 028 9023 5401 71 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9AZ 0870 606 5566 Fax 0870 606 5588 TSO@Blackwell and other Accredited Agents This Local Transport Note was prepared by a team led by Ove Arup & Partners Ltd, on behalf of the Department for Transport.

2 Most of the photographs in this document show examples of Cycle Infrastructure implemented through modification of existing highways. These examples are not all correctly signed or marked and some may have other Design deficiencies, but they are included here for illustrative purposes. It should not be assumed that they are technically correct. Designers should refer to the Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions 2002 and the Traffic Signs Manual to ensure compliance with legal requirements and recommendations. Queen s Printer and Controller of Her Majesty s Stationery Office, 2008, except where otherwise stated Copyright in the typographical arrangement rests with the Crown.

3 This publication, excluding logos, may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium for non commercial research, private study or for internal circulation within an organisation. This is subject to it being reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The copyright source of the material must be acknowledged and the title of the publication specified. For any other use of this material, apply for a Click Use Licence at , or by writing to the Information Policy Team, Office of Public Sector Information, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e mail This is a value added publication which falls outside the scope of the Public Sector Information Click Use Licence.

4 ISBN 978 0 11 553024 1 Printed in Great Britain on paper containing at least 75% recycled fibre. Contents Page 1 Introduction ..9 Policy ..9 Underlying principles ..9 Networks links and connections ..12 Typical Cycle trip distances ..14 Risk and liability ..14 Cycle audit and review ..15 2 General Design Clear space required by cyclists ..16 Dynamic envelope ..16 Critical distances to fixed objects ..16 Cyclists passing other cyclists ..17 Overtaking by motor Dimensions of cycles ..17 3 Signing issues ..19 Introduction ..19 Coloured surfaces ..19 The Cycle symbol ..20 The END marking and the END OF THE ROUTE sign.

5 20 GIVE WAY signing ..20 The CYCLISTS DISMOUNT sign ..20 Cycle Infrastructure Design 3 4 Network management ..22 Introduction ..22 Road closures and turning restrictions ..22 Parking control and vehicle restricted areas ..23 Planning and new Cycle parking standards ..26 5 Reducing vehicle speeds on Cycle routes ..27 Speed Cycle bypasses ..28 Removal of centre lines ..28 Overrun areas and textured surfacing ..29 Road humps ..29 Speed cushions ..30 Pedestrian refuges, traffic islands and central hatching ..30 Chicanes and other build out arrangements ..31 6 Bus and tram routes ..32 Bus lanes.

6 32 Bus lane widths ..32 Bus gates and bus only roads ..33 Bus and tram stops ..33 7 Cycle lanes ..35 Introduction ..35 Mandatory Cycle lanes ..36 Advisory Cycle Cycle lane widths ..37 Cycle Infrastructure Design 4 Other Design considerations ..37 Contraflow Cycle lanes ..37 Parking and Cycle contraflows ..39 Cycling and contraflow bus lanes ..40 Two way Cycle lanes ..40 8 Off road Cycle Introduction ..41 Design speed ..41 Visibility Geometric Design ..42 Width requirements ..42 Crossfall, camber and drainage ..43 Gradients ..44 Surfaces ..44 Dropped kerbs ..46 Bus stops.

7 46 Street furniture ..47 Street lighting ..47 Managing user Access control ..48 Speed control and segregation ..49 Tactile paving ..50 9 Junctions ..53 Visibility criteria at junctions and crossings ..53 Signalised junctions ..53 Cycle Infrastructure Design 5 Signalised junction Advanced stop Raised tables at junctions ..57 Raised entry treatment at side roads ..57 Roundabouts ..58 Safety at roundabouts ..58 Large roundabouts ..59 Cycle lanes on Mini roundabouts ..60 10 Cycle track crossings ..61 Introduction ..61 Cycle track crossings on links ..62 Cycle track crossings near junctions.

8 64 Cycle track with Cycle lane at side road crossing ..65 Signal controlled crossings ..66 Parallel crossings ..67 Grade separated crossings ..67 Ramp gradients and parapet Wheeling ramps alongside steps ..68 Headroom and width ..69 11 Cycle parking ..70 Locations for Cycle parking ..70 Residential Cycle parking ..71 On street Cycle parking ..71 Cycle parking equipment ..71 Cycle centres ..75 Cycle parking site considerations ..75 Cycle Infrastructure Design 6 12 Public transport integration ..76 Bike and ride ..76 Cycle carriage on trains ..76 Routes to stations and stops ..77 Cycle friendly interchange.

9 77 Cycle and tram routes ..78 References ..79 Appendix: Publications ..83 Cycle Infrastructure Design 7 1 Introduction Context Encouraging more people to Cycle is increasingly being seen as a vital part of any local authority plan to tackle congestion, improve air quality, promote physical activity and improve accessibility. This Design guide brings together and updates guidance previously available in a number of draft Local Transport Notes and other documents. Although its focus is the Design of Cycle Infrastructure , parts of its advice are equally appropriate to improving conditions for pedestrians. The guidance covers England, Wales and Scotland.

10 Where the text refers to highway authorities (for England and Wales), the equivalent term in Scotland is road authorities. Policy Cycling is convenient and practical for many journeys. The Department for Transport recently increased the budget for Cycling England to 140 million over three years to work with local authorities, non governmental organisations (NGOs) and others with an interest in demonstrating the impact of various cycling interventions and developing a better understanding of what works best. Table Type of Cycle facility Encouraging more people to take up cycling can help deliver a broad range of transport outcomes and wider environment and health goals.