Daken Fencing 07

1 ContentsIntroduction1 Advantages of Electric Fencing2 How an Electric Fence Works3 Earth Return System4 Fence Return System5Bi-Polar Fencing System6 Advantages of Bi-Polar Fencing Systems7 Types of Energisers8 Selecting the Right Energiser10 energiser Location11 Earthing12 Testing Your Earth13 Fencing Wire14 Fencing Insulator16 Fence Construction17 Fence Layout24 Maintenance and Trouble Shooting26 Trouble Shooting Procedure27 Safety Instructions28 Lightning Protection30 Fencing for Horses31 Training Stock32 WARNINGB efore operating your electric fence energiser , you must read the SAFETY and INSTALLATION sections of this not let children operate or play with an electric fence FENCINGis now an accepted part of farming operationsthroughout the world. Modern high reliability electronics coupled withadvanced plastics materials in insulators and specialised electric fencewires have seen electric Fencing evolve into the superior Fencing electric fences, it is possible to construct fences which are highlyeffective in restraining stock and at the same time use less time andmaterials in their the Fencing requirements of farms vary depending on the local conditions of soil type, rainfall and vegetation, it is not possible to specifyany one design of fence which will work in all practice, the results you will achieve using an electric fence willdepend upon your own ability to assess what is required in the light aim of this book is to present you with the basic concepts of electricfencing.

2 And to provide you with the information to enable you todevelop an effective electric Fencing system to suit your of Electric FencingELECTRIC Fencing is an alternative method of Fencing which offers youthe following benefits: 1. LOW COSTAn electric fence can perform the same task as a conventional fenceusing much less EASY TO BUILDL ower wire strains and generally lighter construction make much quickerand easier construction, especially in difficult EXTENDED LIFEE lectric fences are not subjected to the same physical pressure from animals, and can therefore be expected to have a greatly extendedservice life. The life of old fences can be considerably extended usingelectric UNIVERSAL APPLICATIONE lectric Fencing will contain all types of animals and is positive deterrentto wild pigs and kangaroos. Educated stock develop greater respect forelectric Fencing than for any other type of FLEXIBILITYT here is no quicker or easier way to effectively subdivide a paddock forcontrolled grazing than with an electric LOW MAINTENANCEOnce your fence is properly installed and your stock are trained, themaintenance requirements of electric Fencing are little different fromconventional LESS STOCK DAMAGEThe shock from your electric fence causes no physical damage.

3 If yourstock is forced through the fence by bushfires or dogs, they are at lessrisk than with a conventional An Electric Fence WorksAn ELECTRIC FENCE works by educating your animals so that theylearn to associate touching the fence with receiving an unpleasantshock. This is the same principle as barbed wire, but it presents a muchmore powerful deterrent with very little danger of physical damage toyour fences are used to successfully control many kinds of animals,both domestic and source of the shock is an electric fence energiser . The energiserprovides regular pulses of electricity to your fence. These intermittenthigh voltage pulses flow from the energiser , along connection cable tothe fence, and then along the length of the fence. The live wires ofyour fence should not come into contact with fence posts or cornerposts, and this achieved by the use of an animal comes into contact with the fence, it becomes part ofan electric circuitbetween the output terminals of your energiser .

4 Thestrength of the shock the animal receives depends upon the poweravailable from the energiser , and the total resistance of the total resistance of the circuit resistance of the live fence wire leading from the energiser tothe resistance of the animal resistance between the animal and the resistance between the earth and the earth terminal of general principles of electric Fencing can be explained by examining the three basic electric fence Return Return Fencing System3 Earth Return SystemThe earth return system uses one or more fence wires to deliver the pulsefrom the complete the circuit, current must flow through the animal and backto the energiser by way of the system therefore relies on the animal making good electrical contact with the ground, and the ground being sufficiently moist to provide a low resistance circuit back to the energiser s earth conditions usually apply in high rainfall coastal areas and on irrigated pastures.

5 Generally, earth return systems are not as effectiveduring the summer, or on long runs of permanent Fencing in natural pasture return is commonly used for strip Return SystemIn order to overcome the shortfalls of the earth return system, a fencereturn system may be system uses both pulsed and earth wires in the fence. Therefore, thefence construction involves the use of two or more wires. To completethe circuit, current can flow through the animal from the pulsed wire tothe earthed wire and back to the the ground is sufficiently moist for the earth return to work, then theanimal will receive a shock by touching only the pulsed wire. If howeverthe earth return is not working, then the animal will receive a shockwhen it pushes far enough through the fence to contact two adjacentwires one pulsed and the other animal will notreceive a shock if it touches only the earthed return systems are widely used for all types of temporary and permanent Fencing SystemBi-Polar Fencingis an electric Fencing system pioneered by DAKENAG,designed specifically for Australian requirements.

6 The Bi-Polar System hasa number of advantages over the conventional earth or fence returnsystems that, in certain circumstances, can be of great benefit. Bi-PolarFencing is now widely used throughout Australia with great operate a Bi-Polar Fencing System you require a DAKENAG Bi-PolarEnergiser. A Bi-Polar energiser is capable of sending out two powerfulsimultaneous pulses of energy. One pulse is negative in respect to earth,the other pulse being positivein respect to Bi-Polar energiser is connected to your fence by connecting the positive terminal on your energiser , to one set of fence wires and the negative terminal, to the other set of wires. For maximum benefit, it isrecommended that each successive wire should be of the the positively and negatively charged wires require an animal touches only a positively charged wire, the animalreceives a shock through the earth return system. Similarly when the animal touches only a negatively charged wire, the animal will againreceive a shock through the earth return the animal touches both the positively and negatively charged wires,it will receive a double strength shock.

7 In this case, the circuit is completed in two the earth return the fence return system, with the charge travelling through the positively charged wire, through the animal, and back through the negatively charged , a Bi-Polar energiser puts half its output into the positivelycharged wires and the other half of its output into the negativelycharged wires required in dry, sandy soil where the earth resistance is toohigh to provide a good of Bi-Polar Fencing SystemsProtection against short circuitsOn a conventional fence, if you have a short circuit on the live wire every wire on the fence is affected. Alternatively, on a Bi-Polar fence,only the wires of the same polarity are affected. The wires of the otherpolarity retain their charge and remain effective and you will often, after a distance, see an increase in voltage to offset the loss in the other wire can be energisedThere is no need for earth wires on your fence.

8 Every wire is capable ofdelivering a shock. Alternatively on a conventional fence an animalcannot receive a shock from an earth wire and these are referred toas dead wires. An animal may be part way through a fence beforecoming in contact with an electrified wire and receive a shock. In thiscase, the animal may attempt to force through, rather than retreatingfrom the of difficult animalsThe combination of the above two features provides a system well suitedto control difficult animals goats, Kangaroos and Wallabies. Goatswill search out dead wires in a fence to aid there escape, as a Bi-Polarfence has no dead wires it is the ideal solution here. Kangaroos andWallabies, when un-pressured will go under a fence. In this case a livewire very close to the ground is required. Because of its close proximityto ground and weed growth this wire can short out the entire fence, butas a Bi-Polar fence this wire will not adversely affect the entire of EnergisersElectric fence energisers vary in their source of power and their poweroutput.

9 They fall into three groups battery powered, mains poweredand mains battery powered. Solar powered systems are increasinglypopular and involve the use of a battery powered unit, where the battery is charged from a solar powered energisersrangefrom very compact low power units designed for strip grazing orintermittent use, up to high powered12 volt units designed for permanentinstallation on long runs of advantage is that they canbe remotely installed, right at life will generally correspondto the output power of the output energisers will require alarger battery in order to operatefor a reasonable length of timebetween powered energisersare the preferred option for permanentelectric fence applications. Theyare less expensive, they require no battery maintenance. Mainspowered energisers must beinstalled inside out of the weatherto ensure safetyIn Australia mains powered electricfence energisers are a prescribeditem under the state electrical safety acts.

10 They must be tested toconform to the relevant assurance that your mainspowered energiser is approved isthe approval number on its Fencing system consist of three parts, 1) a battery powered energiser ,2) a rechargeable storage battery which powers the energiser , 3) a solarpanel which recharges the battery from sunlight. Dakenag manufactures a range of energisers consisting of all 3 elements, usually smaller large systems will require the purchase of these elements has a recommendation for Solar panel size, as a balance isrequired between the power available from the solar panel and thepower required to operate the energiser . This balance is needed to ensurethat the fence has sufficient reserve to last through bad weather periods,whilst not waste excess panel output. The panel size recommendationassumes average sunlight hours in through summer and winter, shouldyour location experience periods of heavy fog or cloud, you will requirea larger solar should be taken to align the solar panel in accordance withinstructions to ensure maximum output from the panels generate electricity from light, not heat.