decontamination guidelines 2nd - env

1 decontamination guidelines 2nd Ed., 2013 Tentative Translation Tentative Translation Attention This material was translated temporarily and might be corrected in the future. Introduction The environmental pollution caused by radioactive materials discharged by the nuclear power plant accident associated with the Earthquake that Occurred off the Pacific Coast of the Tohoku Region on March 11, 2011has made it an urgent issue to promptly reduce the impact of this pollution on human health and the living environment. In light of these circumstances, in August 2011 the Act on Special Measures Concerning the Handling of Environmental Pollution by Radioactive Materials Discharged by the Nuclear Power Station Accident Associated with the Tohoku District-Off the Pacific Ocean Earthquake That Occurred on March 11, 2011 (Act No.)

2 110 of 2011; hereinafter the Act on Special Measures concerning the Handling of Radioactive Pollution ) was passed and established as legislation by Diet members, and fully entered into effect starting in January 2012. Pursuant to the Act on Special Measures concerning the Handling of Radioactive Pollution, initiatives for special decontamination areas in which the national government would carry out decontamination as well as intensive contamination survey areas wherein municipalities would implement decontamination were identified. As such, decontamination will be implemented in the following order, with the long-term target of bringing the additional exposure dose to no more than 1 millisievert per year (mSv/y). 1) Investigate and measure the status of the pollution and determine a decontamination zone in which decontamination and other measures are implemented (related to Articles 34 and 36 of the Act) 2) Then implement decontamination and other measures based on the decontamination plan (related to Article 40 of the Act) 3) Collect, transfer, and store the removed soil generated, in association with decontamination and other measures (related to Article 41 of the Act) The Ministry of the Environment has formulated decontamination guidelines to explain these processes in a concrete and straightforward manner.

3 These guidelines are divided into four parts, with the guidelines for Methods for Investigating and Measuring the Status of Environmental Pollution in Intensive Contamination Survey Areas corresponding to process 1), the guidelines Pertaining to decontamination and Other Measures corresponding to process 2), and the guidelines Pertaining to the Collection and Transfer of Removed Soil, and guidelines Pertaining to the Storage of Removed Soil, both corresponding to process 3). There are some parts that are described collectively pertaining to the items that are related to each part, such as for measurements. Note that although these guidelines primarily cover decontamination in municipalities, they also cover decontamination by the national government.

4 * The first edition of these guidelines , which was formulated in December 2011, have been revised by incorporating knowledge and new technologies acquired since then in order to promote more effective decontamination . These guidelines were revised based upon responses to improper decontamination and by inquiring into the opinions of specialists, local governments, and others. In addition, they now also contain data that will be helpful in promoting the understanding among residents concerning the implementation of decontamination and related procedures. At present, the methods given in these guidelines are deemed to be appropriate for implementing decontamination and related procedures, but the guidelines will be revised as needed in light of new knowledge accumulated along the way.

5 In addition, a decontamination Q&A has been formulated and released to serve as a supplementary explanation for the decontamination guidelines and other materials in order to promptly accommodate the implementation of decontamination in accordance with the actual circumstances of areas, and these will be added to and otherwise revised as needed. * Excluding areas with especially high radiation doses. decontamination guidelines Table of Contents Definitions of Terms Units Part 1 guidelines for Methods for Investigating and Measuring the Status of Environmental Pollution in Intensive Contamination Survey Areas 1. Basic Concept .. 1-3 2. Indicators of the Status of Contamination by Radioactive Materials .. 1-6 (1) Indicators of the Status of Contamination in Living Spaces (Air Dose Rate).

6 1-6 (2) Indicators of the Status of Contamination in Objects Subject to decontamination (Surface Contamination Density, Surface Dose Rate, etc.) .. 1-7 3. Methods for Investigating and Measuring to Determine the Areas to be Included in a decontamination Plan .. 1-9 (1) Basic Concept .. 1-9 (2) Methods for Investigating and Measuring by Unit of Area .. 1-9 (3) Methods for Investigating and Measuring of the Living Environment of Children, such as Schools and Parks .. 1-11 4. Methods for Taking Detailed Measurements in decontamination Zones .. 1-13 5. Assessments of the decontamination Results .. 1-14 (1) Assessments of the Air Dose Rate in Living Spaces .. 1-14 (2) Assessments of the Surface Contamination Density on the Objects Subject to decontamination .. 1-14 6. Measuring Apparatuses and Methods of Use.

7 1-15 (1) Types of Measuring Apparatuses .. 1-15 (2) Maintenance of the Measuring Apparatuses .. 1-16 (3) Methods of Use of Measuring Apparatuses .. 1-19 Endnotes .. 1-33 References .. 1-38 Part 2 guidelines Pertaining to decontamination and Other Measures I. Basic 2-5 1. The Role of these guidelines .. 2-5 2. Important Points in Implementing decontamination and Other Measures .. 2-7 II. decontamination and Other Measures for Buildings and Other Structures .. 2-10 1. 2-11 (1) Measures to Reduce Public Exposure in Connection with decontamination Work .. 2-11 (2) Equipment and Materials .. 2-12 2. Prior Measurements .. 2-13 (1) Determination of Measurement Points .. 2-13 (2) Measurement Methods .. 2-16 3. decontamination Methods .. 2-17 (1) decontamination of Roofs and Other Areas .. 2-19 (2) decontamination of Rainwater Guttering.

8 2-23 (3) decontamination of Exterior Walls .. 2-27 (4) decontamination of Fences, Outside Walls, Benches, Playground Equipment, etc.. 2-29 (5) decontamination of Gardens and Other Areas .. 2-32 (6) decontamination of Street Drains, etc.. 2-38 4. Post-Work Measures .. 2-43 (1) Handling the Removed Soil, etc.. 2-43 (2) Wastewater Treatment .. 2-44 (3) Cleaning of Equipment and Materials .. 2-50 5. Post-Work Measures .. 2-52 III. decontamination and Other Measures for Roads .. 2-53 1. 2-54 (1) Measures to Reduce Public Exposure in Connection with decontamination Work .. 2-54 (2) Equipment and Materials .. 2-54 2. Prior Measurements .. 2-55 (1) Determination of Measurement Points .. 2-55 (2) Measurement Methods .. 2-57 3. decontamination Methods .. 2-59 (1) decontamination of Paved Surfaces .. 2-61 (2) decontamination of Unpaved Roads.

9 2-65 (3) decontamination of Roadsides and Street Drains .. 2-70 4. Post-Work Measures .. 2-73 (1) Handling the Removed Soil, etc.. 2-73 (2) Wastewater Treatment .. 2-73 (3) Cleaning of Equipment and Materials .. 2-74 5. Subsequent Measurements and Records .. 2-74 IV. decontamination and Other Measures for Soil .. 2-75 1. 2-76 (1) Measures to Reduce Public Exposure in Connection with decontamination Work .. 2-76 (2) Equipment and Materials .. 2-77 2. Prior Measurements .. 2-78 (1) Determination of Measurement Points .. 2-78 (2) Measurement Methods .. 2-82 3. decontamination Methods .. 2-85 (1) decontamination of Soil in Schoolyards, Kindergarten Yards, and Parks . 2-86 (2) decontamination of Farmland .. 2-93 4. Post-Work Measures .. 2-99 (1) Handling the Removed Soil, etc.. 2-99 (2) Cleaning of Equipment and Materials .. 2-99 5. Subsequent Measurements and Records.

10 2-100 V. decontamination and Other Measures for Vegetation .. 2-101 1. 2-102 (1) Measures to Reduce Public Exposure in Connection with decontamination Work .. 2-102 (2) Equipment and Materials .. 2-102 2. Prior Measurements .. 2-103 (1) Determination of Measurement Points .. 2-103 (2) Measurement Methods .. 2-105 3. decontamination Methods .. 2-106 (1) decontamination of Lawns .. 2-106 (2) decontamination of Trees in Living Spaces, such as Roadside Trees and the like .. 2-110 (3) decontamination of Forests .. 2-112 4. Post-Work Measures .. 2-115 (1) Handling the Removed Soil, etc.. 2-115 (2) Cleaning of Equipment and Materials .. 2-115 5. Subsequent Measurements and Records .. 2-116 VI. Others .. 2-117 (1) decontamination and Other Measures for Sediment in Riverbeds .. 2-117 Endnotes .. 2-119 Reference Materials .. 2-122 Part 3 guidelines Pertaining to the Collection and Transfer of Removed Soil 1.