DEFINING ISLAMIC WAY OF WARFARE AND ITS …

1 DEFINING ISLAMIC WAY OF WARFARE AND ITS comparison with AL qaeda DOCTRINE A thesis presented to the Faculty of the Army Command and General Staff College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE Military History by MAJOR INTEKHAB HAIDER KHAN, bangladesh ARMY , bangladesh university of Professionals, Dhaka, bangladesh , 2011 Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 2012-01 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. ii REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information.

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3 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 08-06-2012 2. REPORT TYPE Master s Thesis 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) AUG 2011 JUN 2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE DEFINING ISLAMIC Way of WARFARE and its comparison with Al qaeda Doctrine 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR Major Intekhab Haider Khan 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Army Command and General Staff College ATTN: ATZL-SWD-GD Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2301 8. PERFORMING ORG REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10.

4 SPONSOR/MONITOR S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT with the rise of Al qaeda and like-minded militant groups, there have been many discussions and misrepresentations of the term ISLAMIC way of WARFARE . It is important to understand that anything, to be qualified as ISLAMIC , has to have a reference from the core sources of Islam, the Quran, and the practices and sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This research is focused to define an ISLAMIC way of WARFARE based on these fundamental sources, with a view to identifying whether Al qaeda is truly ISLAMIC or not.

5 This thesis identifies that Islam does not dictate minor tactical matters of WARFARE , rather focuses its guidance on WARFARE in two broad categories: the just cause for waging war, and limited restrictions on conduct during the war. Using this two part test of Cause and Conduct, the thesis shows that though Al qaeda deem to have an authentic ISLAMIC cause to wage war against USA and Western countries, because of its violation of guidelines in conduct, it ceases to qualify as ISLAMIC . The research finally provides recommendations on how United States and Western countries can engage militant groups and the Muslim world more effectively.

6 15. SUBJECT TERMS ISLAMIC way of WARFARE , Al qaeda , Quranic guidance on war, Jihad. 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 19b. PHONE NUMBER (include area code) (U) (U) (U) (U) 85 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. iii MASTER OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Name of Candidate: Major Intekhab Haider Khan, bangladesh Army Thesis Title: DEFINING ISLAMIC Way of WARFARE and Its comparison with Al qaeda Doctrine Approved by: , Thesis Committee Chair Louis A.

7 DiMarco, , Member Willburn Edgar Meador, Jr, MA , Member Dennis Burket, MBA Accepted this 8th day of June 2012 by: , Director, Graduate Degree Programs Robert F. Baumann, The opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the student author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Army Command and General Staff College or any other governmental agency. (References to this study should include the foregoing statement.) iv ABSTRACT DEFINING ISLAMIC WAY OF WARFARE AND ITS comparison with AL qaeda DOCTRINE, by Major Intekhab Haider Khan, 85 pages. with the rise of Al qaeda and like-minded militant groups, there have been many discussions and misrepresentations of the term ISLAMIC way of WARFARE .

8 It is important to understand that anything, to be qualified as ISLAMIC , has to have a reference from the core sources of Islam, the Quran, and the practices and sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This research is focused to define an ISLAMIC way of WARFARE based on these fundamental sources, with a view to identifying whether Al qaeda is truly ISLAMIC or not. This thesis identifies that Islam does not dictate minor tactical matters of WARFARE , rather focuses its guidance on WARFARE in two broad categories: the just cause for waging war, and limited restrictions on conduct during the war. Using this two part test of Cause and Conduct, the thesis shows that though Al qaeda deem to have an authentic ISLAMIC cause to wage war against USA and Western countries, because of its violation of guidelines in conduct, it ceases to qualify as ISLAMIC .

9 The research finally provides recommendations on how United States and Western countries can engage militant groups and the Muslim world more effectively. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Conducting a research on ISLAMIC subject in a non-Muslim country, parallel to the busy schedule of Command and General Staff College (CGSC), has been a daunting task. The author is highly grateful to the three committee members for their relentless support in correcting the paper and providing valuable guidance. Special mention is needed about Mr. Mohammad Saiful Islam, a Kansas resident with deep interest and knowledge of ISLAMIC affairs, who not only helped with finding important source materials, but also spent his valuable time to read through the drafts and to give his insightful comments.

10 Gathering source materials would not have been easy without the assistance of the staff of Combined Arms Research Library (Fort Leavenworth), particularly the references desk. The author is also grateful to Brigadier General Qazi Abidus Samad of bangladesh Army, who took a keen interest to check the drafts and provided valuable guidance about the contents, despite having a busy schedule at the National Defence College of bangladesh . Special thanks to the participants of A221 Seminar class, and Mr. Michael Hogg, for their valuable comments on the draft chapters, which gave an important understanding about what message the paper truly carried to the readers.